Search results for "Reaction"
showing 10 items of 6134 documents
Differential expression of specific microRNA and their targets in acute myeloid leukemia
2010
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) the most common acute leukemia in adults is characterized by various cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities. However, the genetic etiology of the disease is not yet fully understood. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small noncoding RNAs which regulate the expression of target mRNAs both at transcriptional and translational level. In recent years, miRNAs have been identified as a novel mechanism in gene regulation, which show variable expression during myeloid differentiation. We studied miRNA expression of leukemic blasts of 29 cases of newly diagnosed and genetically defined AML using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for 365 human miR…
Neural correlates of interference inhibition, action withholding and action cancelation in adult ADHD
2011
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is marked by inhibitory and attentional deficits which can persist into adulthood. Those deficits have been associated with dysfunctional fronto-striatal and fronto-parietal circuits. The present study sought to delineate neural correlates of component specific inhibitory deficits in adult ADHD using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). 20 adult ADHD patients and 24 matched healthy controls were included. Brain activation was assessed during three stages of behavioral inhibition, i.e. interference inhibition (Simon task), action withholding (Go/no-go task) and action cancelation (Stop-signal task). Behaviorally, ADHD patients were aff…
Differences in psychomotor reaction time in male monozygotic twins discordant for lifetime cigarette smoking.
1996
The effects of long-term cigarette smoking on psychomotor reaction time were investigated among 8 pairs of monozygotic male twins highly discordant for lifetime smoking (means 32.4 versus 0.6 pack-years). The men had no diagnosed cardiovascular disease or other major diseases, musculoskeletal complaints, or vision problems that might interfere with reaction time testing. The twins had similar education, work, and exercise histories; alcohol and coffee consumption and exposure to solvents were examined as possible confounds. Direct comparison of cotwins also controlled for age, genetics, and possible early environmental factors. Simple and choice reaction time were measured in the dominant h…
Irinotecan Plus Bolus/Infusional 5-Fluorouracil and Leucovorin in Patients With Pretreated Advanced Pancreatic Carcinoma
2010
Patients with advanced pancreatic cancer failing gemcitabine-based first-line chemotherapy are still in relatively good clinical conditions and may still require second-line chemotherapy, which is frequently administered in daily clinical practice given to without solid scientific support.A retrospective survey was carried out including 40 patients with stage III or IV gemcitabine-refractory pancreatic carcinoma. Patients received standard FOLFIRI regimen biweekly until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors and National Cancer Institute common toxicity criteria were employed respectively for response and toxicity assessment.Six partial responses …
Efficacy and Safety of Cetuximab/Irinotecan in Chemotherapy-Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinomas: A Clinical Practice Setting, Multicente…
2006
This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of irinotecan/cetuximab administered as third- or fourth-line therapy in a retrospective series of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer refractory to oxaliplatin and irinotecan. Patients and Methods: Most patients (90%) had been previously treated with adjuvant 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin, and all had received oxaliplatin-based regimens before receiving irinotecan- based second-line treatment. Sixty patients with irinotecan-refractory colorectal cancer received a regimen comprising weekly irinotecan 120 mg/m 2 as a 1-hour intravenous infusion and cetuximab 400 mg/m 2 infused over 2 hours as the initial dose and 250 mg/m 2 infus…
Phenotypic and genetic analysis of biofilm formation by Staphylococcus epidermidis.
2012
Objective. The most important virulence factor of Staphylococcus epidermidis is their capability to form a biofilm on the surfaces of implanted medical devices. The accumulative phase of biofilm formation is linked to the production of intercellular adhesin encoded by the icaADBC operon and accumulation-associated protein by the aap gene. The aim of the study was to investigate biofilm formation phenotypically and genetically in clinical strains of S. epidermidis in comparison with commensal strains. Material and Methods. The study was carried out in 4 hospitals in Riga, Latvia. In total, 105 clinical strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from patients’ blood (n=67) and intravenous…
Pain-evoked blink reflex
1997
The electrically evoked blink reflex (BR) consists of an ipsilateral R1 component (R1) at 11 ms and two bilateral components R2 at 33 ms and R3 at 83 ms. It is still unclear whether the R2 is mediated by activation of tactile or nociceptive afferents. For testing the nociceptive hypothesis, nociceptors of the supraorbital nerve were selectively activated by infrared laser stimuli in 10 subjects. Only painful laser stimuli evoked a bilateral early polyphasic BR response (LR2) at 71 ms. Stimulation of infraorbital and mental nerve dermatomes was equally effective. A late bilateral reflex response at 130 ms was occasionally observed. Regarding the nociceptor activation time of about 40 ms, ons…
Effects of the NMDA-receptor antagonist ketamine on perceptual correlates of long-term potentiation within the nociceptive system
2007
We recently reported perceptual correlates of long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic strength within the nociceptive system demonstrating the functional relevance of LTP for human pain sensation. LTP is generally classified as NMDA-receptor dependent or independent. Here we show that low doses of the NMDA-receptor antagonist ketamine (0.25 mg/kg) prevented the long-term increase in perceived pain to electrical test stimuli, which was induced by high-frequency electrical stimulation (HFS) of nociceptive afferents. Whereas in a control experiment HFS led to a stable increase in perceived pain by 51% for the entire observation period of 1 h HFS given 4 min after i.v. ketamine was ineffective…
Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation of the primary sensory cortex on somatosensory perception.
2011
Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is able to modify cortical excitability and activity in humans. Objective: The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of tDCS of the primary sensory cortex (SI) on thermal and mechanical perception, assessed by quantitative sensory testing (QST). Methods: The comprehensive QST protocol encompassing thermal and mechanical detection and pain thresholds as devised by the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS) was applied to skin areas innervated by the radial and median nerve of 12 healthy subjects, who were examined before and after each tDCS stimulation type. Anodal, cathodal, and sham tDCS was applied at a 1…
Vaccination against the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) among healthcare workers in the major teaching hospital of Sicily (Italy)
2011
The aim of the study was to investigate factors involved in vaccination acceptance among healthcare workers (HCWs) and adverse reactions rates associated with pandemic influenza vaccination. The study was carried out in the major teaching hospital of Sicily from November 2009 to February 2010 on 2267 HCWs. A total of 407 (18%) HCWs were vaccinated against the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1). A logistic regression analysis indicates an increased risk of non-vaccination against pandemic influenza in females (OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.3-2.1) compared to males, in nurses/technicians/administrative workers (OR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.3-2.2) compared to doctors/biologists, and in HCWs who were non-vaccinat…