Search results for "Reactivity"

Synthesis and properties of new phosphorus-functionalized bithiophene materials

2003

The synthesis and reactivity of the novel dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]-phosphole system and its potential use in polymeric sensory materials was investigated. Due to the nucleophilic nature of the phosphorus atom, these materials were found to be easily tunable. Classical reactions at the phosphorus center were performed to modify the electronic structure of the system and the corresponding changes were detected by UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Depending on the oxidation state of the central phosphorus atom or its substitution pattern, the dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]-phospholes show varying wavelengths for absorption and emission allowing to distinguish between different compounds by means o…

A novel arousal-based individual screening reveals susceptibility and resilience to PTSD-like phenotypes in mice

2021

Translational animal models for studying post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are valuable for elucidating the poorly understood neurobiology of this neuropsychiatric disorder. These models should encompass crucial features, including persistence of PTSD-like phenotypes triggered after exposure to a single traumatic event, trauma susceptibility/resilience and predictive validity. Here we propose a novel arousal-based individual screening (AIS) model that recapitulates all these features. The AIS model was designed by coupling the traumatization (24 h restraint) of C57BL/6 J mice with a novel individual screening. This screening consists of z-normalization of post-trauma changes in startle …

Book Review: Chemical Carcinogens. Activation Mechanisms, Structural and Electronic Factors, and Reactivity. Bioactive Molecules Series, Vol. 5. Edit…

1989

Structure and Reactivity in Reverse Micelles. (Reihe: Studies in Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Vol. 65). Von M. P.Pileni Herausgegeben Elsevier…

1990

Chemical Carcinogens. Activation Mechanisms, Structural and Electronic Factors, and Reactivity. Bioactive Molecules Series, Vol. 5 Herausgegeben von …

2006

Polymerisation von propylen bei gleichzeitiger anwesenheit mehrerer Al-organischer verbindungen. Zur polymerisation mit metallorganischen mischkataly…

1964

Die Polymerisationsaktivitat des Systems Al(C2H5)3/TiCl3 bei gleichzeitiger Anwesenheit verschiedener Alkyl-Al-halogenide wurde untersucht. Es ergab sich, das die Polymerisation uber weite Konzentrationsbereiche durch das Al(C2H5)3 bestimmt wird; erst bei hoheren Anteilen des Alkyl-Al-halogenids erfolgt ein Abfall der Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit, der offenbar durch eine Abnahme der aktiven Zentren des Al(C2H5)3 verursacht wird. Dieser Geschwindigkeitsabfall hangt nur vom Verhaltnis der beiden jeweils verwendeten Cokatalysatoren ab und ist reversibel. Ahnliche Ergebnisse wurden bei der O2-Einwirkung auf den Gesamtkatalysator Al(C2H5)3/TiCl3 erhalten. Das Zustandekommen dieses Reaktionsver…

Carboranyl Substituted Siloxanes and Octasilsesquioxanes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity

2008

Carboranyl-containing disiloxane, cyclic-siloxane and cage-like silsesquioxane have been prepared in high yields. Two routes are compared for their preparation, a classical hydrolytic process based on hydrolysis and condensation of the freshly prepared carboranylalkylchlorosilane and ethoxysilane precursors and a nonhydrolytic route based on the specific reactivity of chorosilane toward DMSO. Based on the typical reactivity of the carboranyl group toward nucleophiles, dianionic disiloxanes and octaanionic silsesquioxanes were obtained without modification of the siloxane bond. Products are fully characterized by FTIR, NMR and MALDI-TOF methods.

Copolymerization of Isoprene with p-Alkylstyrene Monomers: Disparate Reactivity Ratios and the Shape of the Gradient

2019

The statistical copolymerization of isoprene with p-ethyl- (p-ES), p-isopropyl- (p-iPS), and p-tert-butylstyrene (p-tBS) initiated by sec-butyllithium in cyclohexane was investigated with respect to kinetics, reactivity ratios, and formation of tapered block copolymers with pronounced monomer gradient. An efficient synthetic route to the monomers was developed on a multigram scale, relying on the precipitation of the side-product triphenylphosphine oxide at low temperature. The copolymerization kinetics and resulting molecular weight distributions were analyzed. The dispersity, Đ, of the copolymers depends on the p-alkyl substituent, the the degree of polymerization Pn and the comonomer mol…

Hyperbranched Polyols via Copolymerization of 1,2-Butylene Oxide and Glycidol: Comparison of Batch Synthesis and Slow Monomer Addition

2015

Hyperbranched poly(butylene oxide) polyols have been synthesized by multibranching anionic ring-opening copolymerization of 1,2-butylene oxide and glycidol. Systematic variation of the composition from 24 to 74% glycidol content resulted in a series of moderately distributed copolymers (Đ = 1.41–1.65, SEC), albeit with limited molecular weights in the solvent-free batch process in the range of 900–1300 g mol–1 (apparent Mn determined by SEC with PEG standards). In situ monitoring of the copolymerization kinetics by 1H NMR showed a pronounced compositional drift with respect to the monomer feed, indicating a strongly tapered microstructure caused by the higher reactivity of glycidol. In the …

Tetrazine- and trans -cyclooctene-functionalised polypept(o)ides for fast bioorthogonal tetrazine ligation

2020

The inverse electron demand Diets-Alder (IEDDA) reaction-initiated ligation between 1,2,4,5-tetra-zines (Tz) and trans-cyclooctenes (TCO) is one of the fastest bioorthogonal reactions known today and is therefore increasingly used for in vivo click chemistry. Described herein is the synthesis of Tz- and TCO-functionalised polypeptides, polypeptoids and polypeptide-block-polypeptoids (polypept(o) ides) by ring-opening polymerisation of the corresponding N-carboxyanhydrides using Tz- or TCO-functional amine initiators. Despite the reactivity of tetrazines, polymers with low dispersity and high end group integrity can be obtained as observed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), nuclear magn…