Search results for "Reactivity"

showing 10 items of 880 documents

Mapping routine measles vaccination in low- and middle-income countries

2021

The safe, highly effective measles vaccine has been recommended globally since 1974, yet in 2017 there were more than 17 million cases of measles and 83,400 deaths in children under 5 years old, and more than 99% of both occurred in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)1–4. Globally comparable, annual, local estimates of routine first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) coverage are critical for understanding geographically precise immunity patterns, progress towards the targets of the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP), and high-risk areas amid disruptions to vaccination programmes caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)5–8. Here we generated annual estimates of routine childhoo…

and promotion of well-beingVacunación MasivaInternationalityDisease preventionchildren under 5 years oldGeographic MappingRural Healthmedicine.disease_causeCross-reactivity0302 clinical medicineRA0421Vaccination Refusal030212 general & internal medicineChildimmunity patternsPediatric0303 health sciencesPublic healthMultidisciplinarybiologyVaccinationUncertaintyIMMUNIZATION3142 Public health care science environmental and occupational healthCOVERAGE3. Good healthTIME3.4 VaccinesChild PreschoolInfectious diseasesA990 Medicine and Dentistry not elsewhere classifiedAntibodyEngineering sciences. TechnologyAFRICAGeneral Science & TechnologySevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)Disease prevention ; COVID-19 ; Public health ; Infectious diseases610 Medicine & healthGlobal Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP)Local Burden of Disease Vaccine Coverage CollaboratorsArticleVaccine Related03 medical and health sciencesmeasles vaccineMeasels ; Vaccination ; Low- and middle-income countries ; Local burden of disease ; Public healthClinical ResearchmedicineHumansHealthcare DisparitiesPreschoolPROGRESS030304 developmental biologybusiness.industryMORTALITYDeveloped CountriesPreventionCommentVacunaciónUrban HealthCOVID-19Prevention of disease and conditionsVirologyCoronavirusGood Health and Well BeingCobertura de Vacunaciónbiology.proteinImmunizationbusinessMeasles
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Design, Construction, and Characterization of a New Regioisomer and Diastereomer Material Based on the Spirooxindole Scaffold Incorporating a Sulphon…

2020

The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction is one of the most rapid, and efficient protocols to access, and construct highly divergent heterocycle chiral auxiliaries. Free catalyst synthesis of spirooxindole scaffold incorporating sulphone moiety via one pot&ndash

aromaattiset yhdisteetPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)isomeriaGeneral Mathematics13-dipolar cycloaddition reaction010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesdiastereomerComputational chemistrysulphonerikkiyhdisteetComputer Science (miscellaneous)MoietyReactivity (chemistry)Molecular orbitalHOMO/LUMOorgaaniset yhdisteet010405 organic chemistryChemistrylcsh:MathematicsChemical shiftDiastereomerspirooxindoleHirshfeld analysislcsh:QA1-939Cycloaddition0104 chemical sciencesregioisomerChemistry (miscellaneous)Natural bond orbitalSymmetry
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X-Ray structure, Hirshfeld analysis and DFT studies of two new hits of triazolyl-indole bearing alkylsulfanyl moieties

2021

Two new hits of triazolyl-indole containing two different alkylsulfanyl analogues named tert-butyl 2-((4-amino-5-(1H-indol-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetate 2, and ethyl 2-((4-amino-5-(1H-indol-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetate 3 were synthesized via reaction of 4-amino-5-(1H-indol-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazol-3(2H)-thione 1 with tert-butyl bromoacetate and ethyl chloroacetate in the presence of base (Et3N). The molecular structure of 2, and 3 was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and 1H/13C- NMR spectroscopic techniques. In compound 2, the molecular packing depends on significant O...H (9.3%), N...H (12.4%) and S...H (3.1%) as well as relatively weak C...H (14.1%), S...C (…

aromaattiset yhdisteettriazolyl-indolereactivity descriptorsThio-Uv-Vis010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesDFTAnalytical ChemistryInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundrikkiyhdisteetNBOMoleculeHirshfeld surface analysisReactivity (chemistry)Ethyl chloroacetateSpectroscopyIndole testkemiallinen synteesi010405 organic chemistryChemistryHydrogen bondChemical polarityOrganic Chemistry0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographyNatural bond orbital
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Photochemistry of oxidized Hg(I) and Hg(II) species suggests missing mercury oxidation in the troposphere.

2020

8 pags., 5 figs., 2 tabs.

atmospheric chemistryAtmospheric chemistry010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesTropospheric chemistryMercury photoreductionchemistry.chemical_elementatmospheric modelingAtmospheric model010501 environmental sciencesPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesTroposphereMercury oxidationComputer SimulationGas-phase mercury reactivitygas-phase mercury reactivity0105 earth and related environmental sciencesmercury photoreductionThermal oxidationMultidisciplinaryAtmospherePhotodissociationCorrectionMercuryModels TheoreticalPhotochemical Processestropospheric chemistryMercury (element)Atmospheric modelingDeposition (aerosol physics)chemistry13. Climate actionAtmospheric chemistry[CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/OtherOxidation-ReductionProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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New oxygenated eudesmanolides from artemisia herba-alba

1990

Abstract The aerial parts of Artemisia herba-alba Asso subsp.valentina Lam. (Asteraceae) yielded the new eudesmanolides 1-11 and the new sesquiterpene-monoterpene adducts 12-13. The absolute configuration of compound 6 was confirmed with the aid of X-ray diffraction analysis. Some aspects of the thermal and photochemical reactivity of 2,4-cyclohexadienones are discussed.

biologyArtemisia herba-albaStereochemistryChemistryMonoterpeneOrganic ChemistryAbsolute configurationAsteraceaebiology.organism_classificationSesquiterpeneBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoveryArtemisiaOrganic chemistryPhotochemical reactivityThermal reactionTetrahedron
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T cell specificity and cross reactivity towards enterobacteria,Bacteroides,Bifidobacterium, and antigens from resident intestinal flora in humans

1999

BACKGROUNDT cell responses to normal intestinal bacteria or their products may be important in the immunopathogenesis of chronic enterocolitis.AIMSTo investigate the T cell specificity and cross reactivity towards intestinal bacteria.PATIENTS/METHODST cell clones were isolated with phytohaemagglutinin from peripheral blood and biopsy specimens of inflamed and non-inflamed colon from five patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and two controls. T cell clones were restimulated with anaerobicBacteroides andBifidobacteria species, enterobacteria, and direct isolates of aerobic intestinal flora. T cell phenotype was analysed by single-cell immunocyte assay.RESULTSAnalysis of 96 T cell cl…

biologyT cellGastroenterologybiology.organism_classificationmedicine.disease_causeCross-reactivityMicrobiologymedicine.anatomical_structureImmune systemAntigenImmunologymedicinebiology.proteinAnaerobic bacteriaBacteroidesBifidobacteriumPhytohaemagglutininGut
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Palladium-catalyzed heteroaryl thioethers synthesis overcoming palladium dithiolate resting states inertness: Practical road to sulfones and NH-sulfo…

2018

International audience; We provide efficient synthetic access to heteroaryl sulfones in two-steps using a simple palladium-1,1'-bis [(diphenyl)phosphanyl]ferrocene catalyst to form in high yields variously functionalized heteroaromatic thioethers. Pyridinyl-containing substrates can be subsequently selectively oxidized into sulfones and NH-sulfoximines by using very mild oxidation conditions with a high functional group tolerance. In the palladium catalyzed C-S coupling of heteroaromatic thiols, reactivity limitation is attached with electron-deficient thiols. We show that this limitation can be resolved by the successful use of 2-bromoheteroarenes in the C-S coupling. We established herein…

bond formationarenessulfideschemistry.chemical_element010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysisefficientCatalysischemistry.chemical_compounds-arylation[CHIM]Chemical SciencesReactivity (chemistry)SulfonesResting statethiols[PHYS]Physics [physics]010405 organic chemistryProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral Chemistryindolesacid saltsCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical sciencesThiolatesC-S couplingchemistryFerroceneNH-sulfoximinesReagentElectrophileFunctional groupH functionalizationdirecting groupPalladiumStoichiometryPalladiumCatalysis Communications
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Gold-Catalyzed Suzuki Coupling of ortho -Substituted Hindered Aryl Substrates

2017

International audience; A method that allows hindered ortho-substituted aryl iodides to be efficiently coupled to phenylboronic acid using a gold-catalyzed C-C bond formation is presented. The use of a molecularly-defined dinuclear gold chloride catalytic precursor that is stabilized by a new tetradentate (N,N')-diamino-(P,P')-diphosphino ferrocene hybrid ligand in a Suzuki-type reaction is described for the first time. Electron-rich isopropyl groups on phosphorus were found essen-tial for a superior activity, while the performances of a set of analogous gold dinuclear complexes that were fully characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and XRD analysis, were investigated. Therefore, ar…

bromides010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistry[ CHIM ] Chemical SciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundSuzuki reactionPolymer chemistrygold(iii)Organic chemistry[CHIM]Chemical SciencesPhenylboronic acidacidscomplexes010405 organic chemistryLigandArylOrganic ChemistryGeneral ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy0104 chemical sciencesreactivityhalideschemistryFerrocenenanoparticlesIsopropyl
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Carboranylphosphinic Acids: A New Class of Purely Inorganic Ligands

2015

Purely inorganic carboranyl phosphinates were prepared, and the influence of the cluster on the reactivity of the phosphinate group was studied. Electron-withdrawal by the carboranyl carbon atoms, combined with space-filling efficiency and enhanced aromaticity of the cluster cage, renders the phosphorus more difficult to oxidize. This enables carboranyl phosphinates to survive harsh oxidizing conditions, a property which is uncommon in organic phosphinates.

carboranes010405 organic chemistryHydrogen bondOrganic Chemistryphosphonateschemistry.chemical_elementAromaticityGeneral ChemistryPhosphinatehydrogen bonding010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysis0104 chemical scienceschemistryOxidizing agentCluster (physics)Organic chemistryReactivity (chemistry)ta116CarbonphosphinateshydrophobicityChemistry - A European Journal
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Quadruply-bonded dimolybdenum compounds: Reactivity towards TCNE. Structural evidences for the 1-D polymer [Mo2(O2 CCF3)4(TCNE)]∞

2005

cited By 3; International audience; Reaction of [Mo2(O2CR)4] (R = CF 3, 1) with TCNE in toluene affords the new compound [Mo2(O2CCF3)4 (TCNE)·6H5CH3 (2). The structure of 2 is built on [Mo2(O2 CCF3)4] fragments having the usual paddlewheel structure of 1 (Mo-Mo 2.1117(8) Å) and TCNE units. Each polynitrile moiety acts as a bridging ligand between two Mo2 fragments (Mo-N 2.875(4) Å) affording 1-D polymeric chains crossing in the crystal; the toluene molecules occupy the cavities between the chains. 13C NMR, IR and electrochemical data clearly show that formation of 2 does not involve electron density transfer from dimolybdenum fragment to the TCNE unit, which remains in 2 in its neutral stat…

chemical reactionReaction mechanismStereochemistryCoordination polymerGeneral Chemical EngineeringpolymerCrystal structureTetracyanoethylene010402 general chemistryligand01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundmolybdenumelectrochemical analysisMoietyMoleculetoluene[CHIM]Chemical SciencesReactivity (chemistry)electron transportchemical bondinfrared spectroscopychemical binding010405 organic chemistryChemistryarticleBridging ligandGeneral Chemistrycarbon nuclear magnetic resonance0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemical analysispolymerizationchemical structureorganometallic compound
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