Search results for "Rectal Cancer"
showing 10 items of 978 documents
Myeloid zinc finger 1 regulates thymidylate synthase expression in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer showing the same promoter gene polymorp…
2011
Graphene oxide containing hyaluronic acid based nanogels for the potential treatment of colorectal cancer
2017
Here, we reported the production of graphene oxide (GO) containing nanogels produced by a top-down procedure employing as a starting biomaterial an amino derivative of hyaluronic acid named HA-EDA. This derivative was reacted, in the presence of single layer GO, with α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-D,L-aspartamide-((2-aminoethyl)-carbamate)-divinyl sulfone (PHEA-DVS) employed as a macromolecular crosslinking agent. The so obtained hydrogel was homogenized by ultra-turrax and high pressure homogenizer and nanogels with Z-average of 390 nm and PDI of 0.22 were obtained. These nanogels were employed to incorporate Irinotecan (IT), an antitumor drug used in the treatment of colorectal carcinoma. It …
BMP7v induces cancer stem cells differentiation and enhances chemotherapy response in colorectal cancer
2014
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), characterized by high levels of ATP-binding cassette, anti-apoptotic molecules, active DNA-repair and slow replication capacities, surviving to conventional anti-cancer therapies, able to eradicate only the highly proliferating tumor cells, represent the elective target for new therapies. Colorectal CSCs (CR-CSCs) represent a powerful tool for preclinical validation of target therapies. In particular the elucidation of the mechanisms that govern stem cell survival and differentiation appears very essential for the identification of new molecular targets in cancer therapy. Among the molecules that govern these processes there are the Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMP…
Can the tumor-agnostic evaluation of MSI/MMR status be the common denominator for the immunotherapy treatment of patients with several solid tumors?
2022
Alterations in short-repetitive DNA sequences, known as microsatellite instability (MSI), can reflect deficiencies in Mismatch Repair (MMR) system which represents a major player in DNA integrity maintenance. The incidence of MSI-H/dMMR has been shown to be variable depending on the tumor type. Several studies confirmed that dMMR/MSI status, although less frequent than PD-L1 expression, may better predict response to immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with solid tumors. In October 2016, the FDA granted pembrolizumab as breakthrough therapy for the treatment of non-CRC, MSI-H/dMMR tumors, providing, for the first time, a tumor-agnostic indication. In the next future, the tissue-…
The prognostic role of KRAS and BRAF in patients undergoing surgical resection of colorectal cancer liver metastasis: a systematic review and meta-an…
2016
Background: Clinical trials investigated the potential role of both KRAS and BRAF mutations, as prognostic biomarkers, in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who underwent surgical treatment of liver metastasis (CLM), showing conflicting results. This meta-analysis aims to review all the studies reporting survival outcomes (recurrence free survival (RFS), and/or overall survival (OS)) of patients undergoing resection of CLM, stratified according to KRAS and/or BRAF mutation status. Materials and Methods: Data from all published studies reporting survival outcomes (RFS and/or OS) of CRC patients who received resection of CLM, stratified by KRAS and/or BRAF mutation status were collected by sear…
Colorectal cancer: An update on the effects of lycopene on tumor progression and cell proliferation
2017
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Various factors, including oxidative stress, where excessive productions of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) occur, contribute to its pathogenesis. Numerous studies have investigated the effect of antioxidant substances derived from food such as fruits and vegetables; however, data on Lycopene are still rare. Studies on HT-29 colorectal cancer cells and on animal models have shown that lycopene has effects on cell proliferation and on the progression of the CRC by interacting with various cellular signaling pathways. This analysis of the literature focused on the antioxidant effect of lycop…
“Bevacizumab (Bev) with irinotecan (IRI), folinic acid (FA), and 5-fluorouracil (FU) i.v. every 2 weeks (BIFF regimen) as first-line treatment for me…
2009
“Bevacizumab (BEV),irinotecan (IRI), folinic acid (FA) and fluorouracil (FU) every 2 weeks (BIFF regimen) as first-line treatment for metastatic colo…
2009
MicroRNAs in Colorectal Cancer Drug Resistance: Shooters become Targets
2013
Copyright: © 2013 Fanale D, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are involved in the regulation of several biological processes such as development, differentiation, metabolism, apoptosis and proliferation. Recently, it has been shown that deregulated expression of miRNAs are present in different human cancers, suggesting a potential role in carcinogenesis [1,2]. Recent evidence suggests that miRNAs may represent potential new therapeutic approaches in patients with dru…
Differing expression of metalloprotease and of adhesion molecules in signet-ring cell and intestinal colorectal carcinoma.
2009
Abstract. Background: Pure signet-ring cell colorectal carcinoma (SRCC) is an infrequent and highly malignant histological variant of colorectal cancer (CRC), while it is present as a histological component in colorectal carcinomas more frequently. Materials and Methods: The aim of this work was to widen the knowledge of the biological factors involved in the pathogenesis and aggressiveness of SRCC by the identification and evaluation of possible molecular abnormalities. By means of immunohistochemistry the expression of the proteolytic degradation enzyme matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-1, that is a collagenase specifically degrading collagens I, II, III and of the adhesion proteins Ecadherin,…