Search results for "Reductase"
showing 10 items of 798 documents
A Pharmacological Update of Ellagic Acid.
2018
Este artículo se encuentra disponible en la página web de la revista en la siguiente URL: https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/pdf/10.1055/a-0633-9492.pdf This is a pre-print of an article published in Ríos, JL., Giner, RM., Marín, M. and Recio, MC. (2018). A pharmacological update of ellagic acid. Planta Medica, vol. 84, n. 15, pp. 1068-1093. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0633-9492 Este es el pre-print del siguiente artículo Ríos, JL., Giner, RM., Marín, M. and Recio, MC. (2018). A pharmacological update of ellagic acid. Planta Medica, vol. 84, n. 15, pp. 1068-1093 que se ha publicado de forma definitiva en https://doi.org/10…
An Intronic cis-Regulatory Element Is Crucial for the Alpha Tubulin Pl-Tuba1a Gene Activation in the Ciliary Band and Animal Pole Neurogenic Domains …
2017
In sea urchin development, structures derived from neurogenic territory control the swimming and feeding responses of the pluteus as well as the process of metamorphosis. We have previously isolated an alpha tubulin family member of Paracentrotus lividus (Pl-Tuba1a, formerly known as Pl-Talpha2) that is specifically expressed in the ciliary band and animal pole neurogenic domains of the sea urchin embryo. In order to identify cis-regulatory elements controlling its spatio-temporal expression, we conducted gene transfer experiments, transgene deletions and site specific mutagenesis. Thus, a genomic region of about 2.6 Kb of Pl-Tuba1a, containing four Interspecifically Conserved Regions (ICRs…
Effects of alternative electron acceptors on the activity and community structure of methane-producing and consuming microbes in the sediments of two…
2017
The role of anaerobic CH4 oxidation in controlling lake sediment CH4 emissions remains unclear. Therefore, we tested how relevant EAs (SO42−, NO3−, Fe3+, Mn4+, O2) affect CH4 production and oxidation in the sediments of two shallow boreal lakes. The changes induced to microbial communities by the addition of Fe3+ and Mn4+ were studied using next-generation sequencing targeting the 16S rRNA and methyl-coenzyme M reductase (mcrA) genes and mcrA transcripts. Putative anaerobic CH4-oxidizing archaea (ANME-2D) and bacteria (NC 10) were scarce (up to 3.4% and 0.5% of archaeal and bacterial 16S rRNA genes, respectively), likely due to the low environmental stability associated with shallow depths.…
Relevance of NADH Dehydrogenase and Alternative Two-Enzyme Systems for Growth of Corynebacterium glutamicum With Glucose, Lactate, and Acetate
2021
The oxidation of NADH with the concomitant reduction of a quinone is a crucial step in the metabolism of respiring cells. In this study, we analyzed the relevance of three different NADH oxidation systems in the actinobacterial model organism Corynebacterium glutamicum by characterizing defined mutants lacking the non-proton-pumping NADH dehydrogenase Ndh (Δndh) and/or one of the alternative NADH-oxidizing enzymes, L-lactate dehydrogenase LdhA (ΔldhA) and malate dehydrogenase Mdh (Δmdh). Together with the menaquinone-dependent L-lactate dehydrogenase LldD and malate:quinone oxidoreductase Mqo, the LdhA-LldD and Mdh-Mqo couples can functionally replace Ndh activity. In glucose minimal medium…
Lysyl Oxidase (LOX) Family Members: Rationale and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets for Liver Fibrosis.
2019
The cross-linking of structural extracellular matrix (ECM) components, especially fibrillar collagens and elastin, is strongly implicated in fibrosis progression and resistance to fibrosis reversal. Lysyl oxidase family members (LOX and LOXL1 [lysyl oxidase-like 1], LOXL2 [lysyl oxidase-like 2], LOXL3 [lysyl oxidase-like 3], and LOXL4 [lysyl oxidase like 4]) are extracellular copper-dependent enzymes that play a key role in ECM cross-linking, but have also other intracellular functions relevant to fibrosis and carcinogenesis. Although the expression of most LOX family members is elevated in experimental liver fibrosis of diverse etiologies, their individual contribution to fibrosis is incom…
Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors, Type 2 Diabetes and Fibrosis Progression: An Observational Study in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disea…
2016
Background The clinical determinants of fibrosis progression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are still under definition. Aim To assess the clinical determinants of fibrosis progression rate (FPR) in NAFLD patients with baseline and follow-up histological evaluation, with a special focus on the impact of pharmacological therapy. Methods In an observational cohort of 118 Italian patients from tertiary referral centers, liver histology was evaluated according to Kleiner. Independent predictors of FPR were selected by a stepwise regression approach. Results Median follow-up was 36 months (IQR 24–77). Twenty-five patients (18%) showed some amelioration, 63 (53%) had stability, 30 (25…
Rhythmic Regulation of Photoreceptor and RPE Genes Important for Vision and Genetically Associated With Severe Retinal Diseases.
2018
Purpose The aim of the present study was to identify candidate genes for mediating daily adjustment of vision. Methods Genes important for vision and genetically associated with severe retinal diseases were tested for 24-hour rhythms in transcript levels in neuronal retina, microdissected photoreceptors, photoreceptor-related pinealocytes, and retinal pigment epithelium-choroid (RPE-choroid) complex by using quantitative PCR. Results Photoreceptors of wildtype mice display circadian clock-dependent regulation of visual arrestins (Arr1, Arr4) and the visual cycle gene Rdh12, whereas cells of the RPE-choroid exhibit light-dependent regulation of the visual cycle key genes Lrat, Rpe65, and Rdh…
Homocysteine concentration in coronary artery disease: Influence of three common single nucleotide polymorphisms.
2017
Whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of homocysteine metabolism enzymes influence the rate of cardiovascular (CV) events in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients remains controversial.In this analysis, 1126 subjects from the AtheroGene study with CAD and 332 control subjects without known CAD were included. The following SNPs were investigated: methylentetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR-C667T), methionin synthetase (MS-D919G), and cystathionin beta synthetase (CBS-I278T). The endpoint was the combination of cardiovascular death, stroke, and non-fatal myocardial infarction (N = 286). The median follow-up time was 6.4 years. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed an increasing event rat…
Reported muscle symptoms during statin treatment amongst Italian dyslipidaemic patients in the real‐life setting: the PROSISA Study
2021
Aim: Statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) are a major determinant of poor treatment adherence and/or discontinuation, but a definitive diagnosis of SAMS is challenging. The PROSISA study was an observational retrospective study aimed to assess the prevalence of reported SAMS in a cohort of dyslipidaemic patients. Methods: Demographic/anamnestic data, biochemical values and occurrence of SAMS were collected by 23 Italian Lipid Clinics. Adjusted logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals for association between probability of reporting SAMS and several factors. Results: Analyses were carried out on 16 717 statin-treated patients (mean ± SD, …
Nitrogen Loss from Pristine Carbonate-Rock Aquifers of the Hainich Critical Zone Exploratory (Germany) Is Primarily Driven by Chemolithoautotrophic A…
2017
Despite the high relevance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) for nitrogen loss from marine systems, its relative importance compared to denitrification has less been studied in freshwater ecosystems, and our knowledge is especially scarce for groundwater. Surprisingly, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA)-based studies identified zones with potentially active anammox bacteria within two superimposed pristine limestone aquifer assemblages of the Hainich Critical Zone Exploratory (CZE; Germany). We found anammox to contribute an estimated 83% to total nitrogen loss in suboxic groundwaters of these aquifer assemblages at rates of 3.5-4.7 nmol L -1 d -1, presumably favored over denitrificati…