Search results for "Reference value"

Alveolar gas exchange and tissue deoxygenation during exercise in type 1 diabetes patients and healthy controls.

2012

We used near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate whether leg and arm skeletal muscle and cerebral deoxygenation differ during incremental cycling exercise in men with type 1 diabetes (T1D, n=10, mean±SD age 33±7 years) and healthy control men (matched by age, anthrometry, and self-reported physical activity, CON, n=10, 32±7 years) to seek an explanation for lower aerobic capacity (˙VO2peak) often reported in T1D. T1D had lower ˙VO2peak (35±4mlkg(-1)min(-1) vs. 43±8mlkg(-1)min(-1), P0.01) and peak work rate (219±33W vs. 290±44W, P0.001) than CON. Leg muscle deoxygenation (↑ [deoxyhemoglobin]; ↓ tissue saturation index) was greater in T1D than CON at a given absolute submaximal work rate, bu…

Questionnaires, spirometry and PEF monitoring in epidemiological studies on elderly respiratory patients.

2003

Questionnaires are the most used subjective instrument of measurement in respiratory epidemiology. The standardisation of the questionnaires aims to limit bias by maximising validity and reliability, and comparability. Within the European Union project BIOMED1, a compendium of respiratory standard questionnaires (CORSQ) was developed for adults covering 18 topics from general information to early life events, through environmental risk factors and respiratory symptoms and diseases. Reliable spirometry data needs a rigorous quality control programme, as in the "Salute Respiratoria nell'Anziano" (Sa.R.A.) project, Italian for "Respiratory Health in the Elderly". Reproducibility rates were 95.…

Maximal respiratory pressure reference values for Navajo children ages 6-14

2013

Background Since anthropometric variables are critical to the creation of pulmonary nomograms for FVC, FEV1, and other volumes and capacities, it is logical that anthropometric variables also influence the values of the maximal respiratory pressures (MRPs). Since nomograms are race-specific, it is important that tribe-specific tables of normal maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) be developed. To date normal tables for MRPs do not exist for Navajo children. Objective Therefore the purpose of this study was to derive MRP normative reference values for Navajo children in the age range of 6–14 years. Methods—Participants and Measurements A cross-sectional st…

Determination of sugars in depilatory formulations: a green analytical method employing infrared detection and partial least squares regression.

2011

A green analytical method was developed for the analysis of sugar-based depilatories. Three independent partial least squares (PLS) regression models were built for the direct determination of glucose, fructose and maltose without any sample pretreatment based on their attenuated total reflectance - Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectra. The models showed adequate prediction capabilities with root-mean-square-errors of prediction ranging from 7.04 to 12.55 mg sugar g(-1) sample. As a reference procedure, gradient liquid chromatography with on-line infrared detection, employing background correction based on cubic smoothing splines, was used. The analysis revealed changes in the suga…

Evaluation of DR and CR digital mammography systems based on phantom and breast dosimetry.

2006

Digital mammography has been progressively introduced in screening centers, since recent evolution of CR and DR detectors. However, it is questionable which exposure conditions would be more suitable when these techniques are applied, in order to reduce the glandular breast doses, as they are related with induced carcinogenesis. Several exposures have been performed in CR and DR mammography units for comparing absorbed doses during quality control assessments and during screening, diagnosis and treatment. In the first case, the CIRS11A mammographic phantom has been used with standard exposure conditions (28 kV, AEC mode with blackening +0, 50:50 glandularity and 4.5 compressed breast thickn…

The course of fatigue in patients with gynecologic and breast cancer

2013

Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the course of fatigue in female cancer patients during the first months after treatment. Methods: We examined a sample of 110 patients suffering from gynecological or breast cancer. Fatigue was assessed with two questionnaires, the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) and the fatigue scale of the quality of life questionnaire European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC QLQ-C30). Participants were tested during their stay in the hospital (t1), two weeks after discharge (t2), and three months after discharge (t3). Results: Fatigue in the patients’ sample was markedly higher than the general population reference val…

Rotational spectra of isotopic species of silyl fluoride. Part I: Lamb-dip measurements and quantum-chemical calculations

2010

The Lamb-dip technique has been employed for recording the rotational spectra of three isotopic species of silyl fluoride, namely (28)SiH3F, (29)SiH3F, and (30)SiH3F, in order to improve the knowledge of their spectro- scopic parameters as well as to try to resolve their hyperfine structure. High-level quantum-chemical computations using state-of-the-art coupled-cluster techniques together with core-polarized correla- tion-consistent basis sets have been employed to provide reliable reference values for the hyperfine parameters involved and have been used to guide the experimental investigation. Analysis of the exper- imental spectra allowed to improve the accuracy of the known spectroscopi…

Lymphocyte subset reference values in peripheral blood: European survey

1992

Stretch-shortening cycle: a powerful model to study normal and fatigued muscle.

2000

Stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) in human skeletal muscle gives unique possibilities to study normal and fatigued muscle function. The in vivo force measurement systems, buckle transducer technique and optic fiber technique, have revealed that, as compared to a pure concentric action, a non-fatiguing SSC exercise demonstrates considerable performance enhancement with increased force at a given shortening velocity. Characteristic to this phenomenon is very low EMG-activity in the concentric phase of the cycle, but a very pronounced contribution of the short-latency stretch-reflex component. This reflex contributes significantly to force generation during the transition (stretch-shortening) pha…

Protecting sensitive patient groups from imaging using ionizing radiation: effects during pregnancy, in fetal life and childhood

2019

The frequency of imaging examinations requiring radiation exposure in children (especially CT) is rapidly increasing. This paper reviews the current evidence in radiation protection in pediatric imaging, focusing on the recent knowledge of the biological risk related to low doses exposure. Even if there are no strictly defined limits for patient radiation exposure, it is recommended to try to keep doses as low as reasonably achievable (the ALARA principle). To achieve ALARA, several techniques to reduce the radiation dose in radiation-sensitive patients groups are reviewed. The most recent recommendations that provide guidance regarding imaging of pregnant women are also summarized, and the…