Search results for "Reference"

Acetaldehyde and Motivation

2019

Abstract Acetaldehyde contributes to alcohol’s neuroactive effects through its own motivational properties. This chapter gathers current evidence on acetaldehyde psychoactive action, focusing on behavioral investigations able to unveil acetaldehyde rewarding effects and their pharmacological modulation in vivo. Acetaldehyde induces conditioned place preference for paired environment and cues and is dose-dependently self-administered in a two-bottle choice drinking paradigm. Acetaldehyde’s motivational properties are further highlighted by operant paradigms tailored to model several addiction-like behaviors, such as induction and maintenance of operant responding, drug-seeking in extinction,…

Procedural learning and prefrontal cortex.

1995

The Acts project: track reconstruction software for HL-LHC and beyond

2019

The reconstruction of trajectories of the charged particles in the tracking detectors of high energy physics experiments is one of the most difficult and complex tasks of event reconstruction at particle colliders. As pattern recognition algorithms exhibit combinatorial scaling to high track multiplicities, they become the largest contributor to the CPU consumption within event reconstruction, particularly at current and future hadron colliders such as the LHC, HL-LHC and FCC-hh. Current algorithms provide an extremely high standard of physics and computing performance and have been tested on billions of simulated and recorded data events. However, most algorithms were first written 20 year…

COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SEVERAL MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS TOOLS FOR MANAGEMENT OF CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS

2007

Over the past several decades, environmental decision-making strategies have evolved into increasingly more sophisticated, information-intensive, and complexapproaches including expert judgment, cost-benefit analysis, toxicological risk assessment, comparative risk assessment, and a number of methods forincorporating public and stakeholder values. This evolution has led to an improved array of decision-making aids, including the development of Multi-CriteriaDecision Analysis (MCDA) tools that offer a scientifically sound decision analytical framework. The existence of different MCDA methods and the availability of corresponding software contribute to the possibility of practical implementat…

Multicriteria decision support in a technology competition for cleaning polluted soil in Helsinki

2000

Due to expansion of the capital area in Finland, industrial areas are being replanned for residential and commercial use. The soil in these areas is sometimes contaminated, and must therefore be cleaned before building. In spring 1997 the City of Helsinki and the National Technology Agency of Finland declared a contract-based competition for cleaning the polluted soil of the planned Toukolanranta residential area. Nine proposals entered the competition, and the problem was to choose three best candidates for test-cleaning a small part of the region considered. The winner of the test-cleaning phase will get the contract for cleaning the whole area. The proposals were evaluated based on five …

2018

AbstractKnowledge of the Earth’s changing rotation is fundamental to positioning objects in space and on the planet. Nowadays, the Earth’s orientation in space is expressed by five Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP). Many applications in astronomy, geosciences, and space missions require accurate EOP predictions. Operational predictions are released daily by the Rapid Service/Prediction Centre of the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS). The prediction procedures and performances differ for the three EOP classes: polar motion, rotation angle (UT1-UTC), and the two celestial pole offsets (CPO), dX and dY. The IERS Annual Report 2016 shows Rapid Service CPO predic…

Holocene as Anthropocene

2015

In their Perspective “Defining the epoch we live in” (3 April, p. [38][1]), W. F. Ruddiman et al. write that in spite of its popularity, the Anthropocene still lacks an official onset. They propose that the term anthropocene be used informally (without the initial capital), which would avoid the

Assessing Frequency Domain Causality in Cardiovascular Time Series with Instantaneous Interactions

2009

Summary Background: The partial directed coherence (PDC) is commonly used to assess in the frequency domain the existence of causal relations between two time series measured in conjunction with a set of other time series. Although the multivariate autoregressive (MVAR) model traditionally used for PDC computation accounts only for lagged effects, instantaneous effects cannot be neglected in the analysis of cardiovascular time series. Objectives: We propose the utilization of an extended MVAR model for PDC computation, in order to improve the evaluation of frequency domain causality in the presence of zero-lag correlations among multivariate time series. Methods: A procedure for the identif…

Constant detection of cyclooxygenase 2 in terminal stages of myeloid maturation.

2006

Orofacial muscles activity in children with swallowing dysfunction and removable functional appliances

2019

Swallowing dysfunction is a frequent disorder among children and refers to an altered tongue posture and abnormal tongue movement during swallowing. Removable functional appliance is one of the treatments applied by dentistry to correct this disorder. The aim of this study was to evaluate any differences on orofacial muscles activity in children with swallowing dysfunction with and without removable functional appliances. 68 children were eligible for the study and divided into the orthodontic group (OG) and the no-orthodontic group (NO-OG). Both groups performed a dental occlusion-class evaluation, a swallowing function test and a myoscan analysis in order to measure perioral forces (i.e. …