Search results for "Reflectometry"

showing 8 items of 38 documents

Synchrotron Mössbauer Reflectometry in Materials Science

1999

57Fe nuclear resonant scattering experiments are reported on iron-containing thin films using 14.41 keV synchrotron radiation at angles of grazing incidence around and slightly above the critical angle of the electronic total reflection. In partially oxidised α–Fe films of 20 nm original thickness various oxide and oxihydroxide phases are identified at different depth. In a [Fe/FeSi]10multilayer grown on Zerodur®substrate the Fe—Fe interlayer coupling varies with the distance from the substrate. The antiferromagnetic order of the top layers of this multilayer can be suppressed by external magnetic field. These examples demonstrate the efficiency of synchrotron Mossbauer reflectometry (SMR),…

Total internal reflectionMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicslawMössbauer spectroscopySynchrotron radiationSubstrate (electronics)Thin filmReflectometryHyperfine structureSynchrotronlaw.invention
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Vacuum Rabi Splitting and Strong-Coupling Dynamics for Surface-Plasmon Polaritons and Rhodamine 6G Molecules

2009

We report on strong coupling between surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) and Rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules, with double vacuum Rabi splitting energies up to 230 and 110 meV. In addition, we demonstrate the emission of all three energy branches of the strongly coupled SPP-exciton hybrid system, revealing features of system dynamics that are not visible in conventional reflectometry. Finally, in analogy to tunable-Q microcavities, we show that the Rabi splitting can be controlled by adjusting the interaction time between waveguided SPPs and R6G deposited on top of the waveguide. The interaction time can be controlled with sub-fs precision by adjusting the length of the R6G area with standard lith…

Waveguide (electromagnetism)Rabi cyclesurface plasmonFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsRhodamine 6Gchemistry.chemical_compoundstrong coupling0103 physical sciencesPolariton010306 general physicsReflectometryCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsCondensed matter physicsSurface plasmonCavity quantum electrodynamicsdynamics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySurface plasmon polariton3. Good healthchemistrypolariton0210 nano-technologyPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)Physical Review Letters
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Structural Characterization of Molecular Interface Layers Using Neutron and X-Ray Reflectivity Techniques

1992

Synthetic microstructures used in biological research today include a variety of different systems that serve very diverse purposes and require very different fabrication and characterization techniques. One class of microstructures that is at the boundary between life and materials sciences, and certainly has been associated closer to the latter in the past, is that of molecularly structured planar interface films. In fact, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films,1 i.e. molecularly layered films comprised of amphiphatic organic molecules on solid substrates, have been used for many years as model systems for the investigation of molecular interactions between chromophores or donor/ acceptor couples, …

X-ray reflectivityFabricationPlanarMaterials scienceNanotechnologyNeutron reflectometryChromophoreMicrostructureAcceptorCharacterization (materials science)
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The Swelling Behavior of Polyelectrolyte Multilayers in Air of Different Relative Humidity and in Water

2002

The swelling properties of physisorbed polyelectrolyte multilayer self-assemblies with alternating polyion charge in humid air and in aqueous environment were investigated via X-ray and neutron reflectometry as well as optically, using surface plasmon spectroscopy. The sorption behavior was similar to that found for neutral polymers and was related to an internal screening of the charges of the adjacent layers owing to the high entanglement of the polyelectrolyte chains and the resulting low mobility of the polymer segments. The screening was found to be incomplete only in the top layer, resulting in a net charged surface.

chemistry.chemical_classificationAqueous solutionPolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistrySurface plasmonSorptionPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsPolyelectrolytechemistryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistrymedicineRelative humidityNeutron reflectometryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySwellingmedicine.symptomMacromolecular Chemistry and Physics
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Neutron reflectometry studies on the interfacial width between polystyrene and various poly(alkylmethacrylates)

1999

From neutron reflectometry we have obtained the interfacial width (typically 2-8 nm) between incompatible polymers above the glass transition temperatures. The investigated polymer bilayers consist of a deuterated polystyrene top layer and various poly(alkylmethacrylates) as a bottom layer. We obtained interesting effects of the length of the alkyl group on the interfacial width. Using mean-field theory we calculate Flory-Huggins-Stavermann interaction parameters X from the interfacial width a I data. These results are compared with investigations of the interfacial width between deuterated poly(methylmethacrylate) and respective polyalkyl-methacrylates.

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsAnalytical chemistryGeneral ChemistryPolymerFlory–Huggins solution theorychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryNeutron reflectometryPolymer blendPolystyreneGlass transitionLayer (electronics)AlkylPolymer Engineering & Science
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Dielectric properties of water/lecithin/cyclohexane gels

1993

Dielectric relaxation measurements in the frequency range 0.1–15 GHz have been carried out on water/lecithin/cyclohexane gels using a time domain reflectometry method (TDR). Dielectric dispersions describable in terms of a power law typical of percolated systems, but with exponents significantly different from those characterizing statically or dynamically percolated systems are observed. The dielectric dispersions, attributed to water and/or lecithin head group rotational motions, indicate that these motions are characterized by a wide spectrum of relaxation times.

food.ingredientAqueous solutionPolymers and PlasticsCyclohexaneChemistryThermodynamicsDielectricLecithinPower lawchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryfoodNuclear magnetic resonanceMaterials ChemistryRelaxation (physics)MicroemulsionPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryReflectometryColloid and Polymer Science
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Application of EMI and FDR Sensors to Assess the Fraction of Transpirable Soil Water over an Olive Grove

2018

Accurate soil water status measurements across spatial and temporal scales are still a challenging task, specifically at intermediate spatial (0.1–10 ha) and temporal (minutes to days) scales. Consequently, a gap in knowledge limits our understanding of the reliability of the spatial measurements and its practical applicability in agricultural water management. This paper compares the cumulative EM38 (Geonics Ltd., Mississauga, ON, Canada) response collected by placing the sensor above ground with the corresponding soil water content obtained by integrating the values measured with an FDR (frequency domain reflectometry) sensor. In two field areas, characterized by different soil clay conte…

lcsh:Hydraulic engineeringSoil texture0208 environmental biotechnologyGeography Planning and Developmentfraction transpiration soil waterSoil science02 engineering and technologyAquatic ScienceBiochemistryrelative transpirationEM38; FDR sensor; Fraction transpiration soil water; Olive grove; Relative transpiration; Sap flow; Biochemistry; Geography Planning and Development; Aquatic Science; Water Science and Technologylcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposessap flowEMIlcsh:TC1-978CalibrationReflectometrySubsurface flowTemporal scalesolive grove; sap flow; relative transpiration; FDR sensor; EM38; fraction transpiration soil waterTranspirationWater Science and TechnologyPlanning and Developmentlcsh:TD201-500GeographyEM38FDR sensor04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesolive grove020801 environmental engineeringSoil water040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesWater
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Investigation of Coating Impact on OFDR Optical Remote Fiber-Based Sensors Performances for Their Integration in High Temperature and Radiation Envir…

2016

The response of optical frequency-domain reflectometry-based temperature sensors is here investigated in harsh environments (high temperature, high radiation dose) focusing the attention on the impact of the fiber coating on the sensor performances in such conditions. Our results demonstrate that the various coating types evolve differently under thermal treatment and/or radiations, resulting in a small (<5%) change in the temperature coefficient of the sensor. The identified procedure, consisting of a prethermal treatment of the fiber at its maximum coating operating temperature, is here verified up to 150 °C for higherature acrylate and up to 300 °C for polyamide coating. This method allo…

optical fiberOptical fiberMaterials science02 engineering and technologyRadiationengineering.material01 natural sciencesTemperature measurementIonizing radiationlaw.inventionhigh temperature020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticsCoatinglaw0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringTraitement du signal et de l'imageOFDROptical fibersReflectometryRadiation010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryAttenuationHigh temperatureAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsradiationFiber optic sensorengineeringOptoelectronicsbusinessDTSJournal of Lightwave Technology
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