Search results for "Refractive-Index"

showing 6 items of 6 documents

Precision and accuracy of single-molecule FRET measurements-a multi-laboratory benchmark study

2018

Single-molecule Forster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) is increasingly being used to determine distances, structures, and dynamics of biomolecules in vitro and in vivo. However, generalized protocols and FRET standards to ensure the reproducibility and accuracy of measurements of FRET efficiencies are currently lacking. Here we report the results of a comparative blind study in which 20 labs determined the FRET efficiencies (E) of several dye-labeled DNA duplexes. Using a unified, straightforward method, we obtained FRET efficiencies with s.d. between +/- 0.02 and +/- 0.05. We suggest experimental and computational procedures for converting FRET efficiencies into accurate distances, and…

0301 basic medicinePHOTON DISTRIBUTIONDYNAMICSAccuracy and precisionTechnologyBiophysicsRESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFERBiochemistryMedical and Health SciencesArticle03 medical and health sciencesBlind studySingle-molecule biophysicsALTERNATING-LASER EXCITATIONSTRUCTURAL INFORMATIONFluorescence resonance energy transferDEPENDENCEQuantitative assessmentLife ScienceFLUORESCENCEStructure determinationMolecular BiologyQCVLAGBiophysical methodsReproducibilityReproducibility of ResultsCell BiologySingle-molecule FRETDNABiological SciencesPublisher CorrectionQPSPECTROSCOPIC RULER030104 developmental biologyFörster resonance energy transferBiofysicaBenchmark (computing)Photon distributionEPSREFRACTIVE-INDEXLaboratoriesBiological systemBiotechnologyDevelopmental Biology
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Description of atmospheric conditions at the Pierre Auger Observatory using the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS)

2012

Atmospheric conditions at the site of a cosmic ray observatory must be known for reconstructing observed extensive air showers. The Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) is a global atmospheric model predicated on meteorological measurements and numerical weather predictions. GDAS provides altitude-dependent profiles of the main state variables of the atmosphere like temperature, pressure, and humidity. The original data and their application to the air shower reconstruction of the Pierre Auger Observatory are described. By comparisons with radiosonde and weather station measurements obtained on-site in Malargüe and averaged monthly models, the utility of the GDAS data is shown.

AstronomyAtmospheric modelAtmospheric monitoringAtmospheric sciencesCosmic Rays Shower01 natural scienceslaw.inventionData assimilationlawcosmic rays; extensive air showers; atmospheric monitoring; atmospheric modelsDEPENDENCEATMOSFERA (OBSERVAÇÃO)TEMPERATUREPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)[PHYS]Physics [physics]Cascada atmosférica extensaOPTICAL DEPTH[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsPierre Auger ObservatoryAtmospheric temperatureRadiación cósmicaAtmosphere of EarthComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGRadiosondeFísica nuclearREFRACTIVE-INDEXAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]MeteorologyAtmospheric MonitoringAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic Rays ShowersEXTENSIVE AIR-SHOWERSCosmic RayAtmósferaWeather stationAtmospheric models0103 physical sciencesExtensive air showers010306 general physicsCosmic raysDETECTORCiencias ExactasPierre Auger ObservatoryAtmospheric models010308 nuclear & particles physicsFísicaAstronomy and Astrophysics13. Climate actionExperimental High Energy PhysicsEMISSION[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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Direct optical measurement of light coupling into planar waveguide by plasmonic nanoparticles

2012

Coupling of light into a thin layer of high refractive index material by plasmonic nanoparticles has been widely studied for application in photovoltaic devices, such as thin-film solar cells. In numerous studies this coupling has been investigated through measurement of e.g. quantum efficiency or photocurrent enhancement. Here we present a direct optical measurement of light coupling into a waveguide by plasmonic nanoparticles. We investigate the coupling efficiency into the guided modes within the waveguide by illuminating the surface of a sample, consisting of a glass slide coated with a high refractive index planar waveguide and plasmonic nanoparticles, while directly measuring the inte…

Materials scienceta221FOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsWaveguide (optics)Electric Power SuppliesSolar EnergyTransmittanceScattering RadiationComputer SimulationPlasmonic nanoparticlesta114business.industryHigh-refractive-index polymertechnology industry and agricultureMembranes ArtificialEquipment DesignSurface Plasmon ResonanceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCoupling (electronics)RefractometryComputer-Aided DesignNanoparticlesOptoelectronicsQuantum efficiencybusinessRefractive indexPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)Localized surface plasmonOptics Express
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Scanning optical microscopy modeling in nanoplasmonics

2012

International audience; One of the main purposes of nanoplasmonics is the miniaturization of optical and electro-optical components that could be integrable in coplanar geometry. In this context, we propose a numerical model of a polarized scanning optical microscope able to faithfully reproduce both photon luminescence and temperature distribution images associated with complex plasmonic structures. The images are computed, pixel by pixel, through a complete self-consistent scheme based on the Green dyadic functions (GDF) formalism. The basic principle consists in the numerical implementation of a realistic three-dimensional light beam acting as a virtual light tip able to probe the volume…

PhotonPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyNANOWIRESNANOSTRUCTURES01 natural scienceslaw.inventionGOLD NANORODSOpticsOptical microscopelaw0103 physical sciencesMiniaturizationLight beam010306 general physicsPlasmonPhysicsELECTROMAGNETIC DIFFRACTIONSURFACE-PLASMONbusiness.industryNear-field opticsMISMATCHED REFRACTIVE-INDEXESStatistical and Nonlinear Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyNEAR-FIELD MICROSCOPYAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsNETWORKSLIGHTOptoelectronicsNear-field scanning optical microscope0210 nano-technologybusinessLuminescencePLANAR INTERFACEJournal of the Optical Society of America B
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Natural optical anisotropy of h-BN: Highest giant birefringence in a bulk crystal through the mid-infrared to ultraviolet range

2018

The giant birefringence of layered h-BN was demonstrated by analyzing the interference patterns in reflectance and transmittance measurements in the mid-infrared to the deep ultraviolet energy range. The refractive index for polarization perpendicular to the c axis is much higher than the refractive index for polarization parallel to the c axis, and it displays a strong increase in the ultraviolet range that is attributed to the huge excitonic effects arising from the unique electronic structure of h-BN. Thus, h-BN is shown to exhibit a giant negative birefringence that ranges from -0.7 in the visible to -2 in the deep ultraviolet close to the band gap. The electronic dielectric constants f…

Van der waals interactionsRefractive-IndexMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Band gap02 engineering and technologyDielectricsemiconductorsmedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesMolecular physicswide bandgapHeterostructures constants0103 physical sciencesmedicineTransmittancePressureHexagonalGeneral Materials SciencePlane010306 general physicsAnisotropyBirefringenceGAASSystems021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)2D materialsBoron nitride[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other][PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Single-crystalsGraphene0210 nano-technologyRefractive indexUltraviolet
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Measurement of the soliton number in guiding media through continuum generation.

2020

No general approach is available yet to measure directly the ratio between chromatic dispersion and the nonlinear coefficient, and hence the soliton number for a given optical pulse, in an arbitrary guiding medium. Here we solve this problem using continuum generation. We experimentally demonstrate our method in polarization-maintaining and single-mode fibers with positive and negative chromatic dispersion. Our technique also offers new opportunities to determine the chromatic dispersion of guiding media over a broad spectral range while pumping at a fixed wavelength. (C) 2020 Optical Society of America

optical fiberOptical fiberPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticschromatic dispersionOptics:FÍSICA [UNESCO]law0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)supercontinuum generationPhysicsCONTINUOUS-WAVE MEASUREMENT; PHASE-MODULATION METHOD; OPTICAL-FIBERS; SUPERCONTINUUM GENERATION; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; DISPERSION; COEFFICIENT; INTERFEROMETER; NONLINEARITY; COMPRESSIONsoliton propagationContinuum (measurement)business.industrynonlinear opticsUNESCO::FÍSICANonlinear coefficient021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsNonlinear systemWavelengthInterferometry0210 nano-technologybusinessRefractive indexOptics letters
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