Search results for "Refugia"
showing 10 items of 60 documents
Gene flow in the European coal tit, Periparus ater (Aves: Passeriformes): Low among Mediterranean populations but high in a continental contact zone
2018
Abstract Extant phylogeographical patterns of Palearctic terrestrial vertebrates are generally believed to have originated from glacial range fragmentation. Post-Pleistocene range expansions have led to the formation of secondary contact zones among genetically distinct taxa. For coal tits (Periparus ater), such a contact zone has been localized in Germany. In this study, we quantified gene flow between Fennoscandian and southern European coal tits using a set of 13 microsatellite loci. STRUCTURE analysis revealed four genetic clusters, two occurring on Mediterranean islands. German populations were genetically admixed but introgression of southern alleles was evident for Fennoscandian popu…
50,000 years of ice and seals: Impacts of the Last Glacial Maximum on Antarctic fur seals
2021
Abstract Ice is one of the most important drivers of population dynamics in polar organisms, influencing the locations, sizes, and connectivity of populations. Antarctic fur seals, Arctocephalus gazella, are particularly interesting in this regard, as they are concomitantly reliant on both ice‐associated prey and ice‐free coastal breeding areas. We reconstructed the history of this species through the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) using genomic sequence data from seals across their range. Population size trends and divergence events were investigated using continuous‐time size estimation analysis and divergence time estimation models. The combined results indicated that a panmictic population …
The effect of buffer strip width and selective logging on riparian forest microclimate
2019
Riparian forests have cool and humid microclimates, and one aim of leaving forested buffer strips between clear-cut areas and streams is to conserve these microclimatic conditions. We used an experimental study set up of 35 streamside sites to study the impacts of buffer strip width (15 or 30 m) and selective logging within the buffer strips on summer-time air temperature, relative air humidity and canopy openness 12 years after logging. The buffer strip treatments were compared to unlogged control sites. We found that 15-meter buffer strips with or without selective logging and 30-meter buffer strips with selective logging were insufficient in maintaining temperature, relative humidity and…
Mitochondrial phylogeography of the edible dormouse (Glis glis) in the western Palearctic region
2010
International audience; This study describes in detail the phylogeoraphic pattern Of the edible dormouse (Glis glis) a European rodent With pronounced hibernating behavior We Used sequences of 831 base pairs of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome-b gene from 130 edible dormice collected at 43 localities (throughout Its distribution. Our results reveal presence of 3 main haplogroups: Sicilian, South Italian (restricted to the Calabrian region) (a widespread lineage corresponding to all remaining western, central. and eastern European populations). Examination of paleontological data confirms refugial regions for G,Its in the 3 Mediterranean peninsulas, although overall low genetic diversity is …
Northern refugia and recent expansion in the North Sea: The case of the wrasse Symphodus melops (Linnaeus, 1758)
2011
Pleistocene climate changes have imposed extreme conditions to intertidal rocky marine communities, forcing many species to significant range shifts in their geographical distributions. Phylogeographic analyses based on both mitochondrial and nuclear genetic markers provide a useful approach to unravel phylogeographic patterns and processes of species after this time period, to gain general knowledge of how climatic changes affect shifts in species distributions. We analyzed these patterns on the corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops, Labridae), a rocky shore species inhabiting North Sea waters and temperate northeastern Atlantic Ocean from Norway to Morocco including the Azores, using a fragme…
Genetic roadmap of the Arctic: plant dispersal highways, traffic barriers and capitals of diversity.
2013
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Eidesen, P.B., Ehrich, D., Bakkestuen, V., Alsos, I.G., Gilg, O., Taberlet, P. & Brochmann, C. (2013). Genetic roadmap of the Arctic: plant dispersal highways, traffic barriers and capitals of diversity. New Phytologist, 200(3), 898-910. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12412, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12412. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. We provide the first comparative multispecies analysis of spatial genetic structure and diversity in the circumpolar Arctic using a common strategy for sam…
L'Unione Europea in materia di immigrazione asilo e refugio. Una strategia di accoglienza per rispondere alla esigenze dettate dai conflitti del XXI …
2018
La razón por la cual decidí comenzar este proyecto de investigación titulado "La Unión Europea sobre inmigración e integración; la reacción de la Unión ante la crisis de los refugiados y sus implicaciones para la gestión de la inmigración; una estrategia de acogida para responder a las exigencias planteadas por los conflictos del siglo XXI” es que creo que las políticas adoptadas por los gobiernos europeos en materia de asilo y refugio, sean la causa de la mala gestión de los flujos migratorios y de la falta de protección de los refugiados y de los solicitantes de asilo que en los últimos años han llamado insistentemente a las puertas de la Unión Europea en busca de refugio. En los últimos …
The protection of environmentally displaced persons: Legal gaps in International and Regional Law
2022
La presente tesis tiene como objetivo principal identificar las lagunas que existen en el Derecho Internacional para proteger a las personas medioambientalmente desplazadas. El objeto de estudio de la investigación viene delimitado por el concepto de disrupción medioambiental, definida como un cambio drástico de origen natural en un ecosistema o en sus utilidades que lo hace, temporal o permanentemente, inhabitable para el ser humano. No se consideran, por tanto, las disrupciones de origen antrópico que pudieran obligar a la población a desplazarse, como la ejecución de un proyecto de desarrollo o los efectos de la guerra o la polución en el medio ambiente. La propia naturaleza de la disrup…
Otra política d asilo es posible en Europea. Una breve comparación entre la UE y Canadá.
2016
La situación que ha generado en la Unión Europea la mal denominada “crisis de los refugiados”, pone en evidencia hasta qué punto ha fracasado el denominado Sistema Común de Asilo. Múltiples factores han concurrido, durante dos décadas, hasta llegar a lo que puede considerarse una desnaturalización del asilo. Para reivindicar la necesidad de protección internacional como un derecho en el contexto europeo, es interesante analizar, como propone este trabajo, los múltiples factores que han concurrido para que el sistema Dublín no llegue a implementarse. Dicho estudio, además, puede completarse desde una perspectiva comparada atendiendo al caso canadiense. La confrontación entre algunas de las m…
How complex is the evolution of small mammal communities during the Late Glacial in southwest France?
2016
11 pages; International audience; The Late Glacial was a slow gradual warming associated with short, cold events that occurred between 18.0 and 11.7 ka cal. BP. Pollen analyses from deep-sea and lacustrine cores have well documented the evolution of floral communities in western Europe and suggest that climatic fluctuations influenced the evolution of terrestrial ecosystems. However, the exact impact of these climate changes on small faunal communities in southwest France is still poorly documented. Peyrazet Cave is an archaeological site located in the Lot (France) that has been excavated since 2008 and has yielded a Late Glacial sequence dated between 15.5 and 11.1 ka cal. BP. Thousands o…