Search results for "Regional"
showing 10 items of 2216 documents
Effets de quartier, effet de département : discrimination liée au lieu de résidence et accès à l'emploi
2013
L’objet de cette étude est de mesurer la discrimination à l’embauche à l’encontre des jeunes en Ile-de-France en raison du lieu de résidence en considérant plusieurs échelles spatiales de façon à distinguer l’effet de la réputation du département (Paris et la Seine-Saint-Denis), celui de la localité et celui du quartier. L’évaluation est réalisée sur données expérimentales auto-construites de testing selon un protocole permettant d’examiner les effets propres à chacune de ces trois échelles sur l’accès à l’emploi ainsi que leurs effets cumulés. On s’intéresse aux discriminations pour deux professions en tension du secteur de la restauration pour laquelle les discriminations devraient a prio…
Regional financial development and bank competition: effects on firms' growth
2009
Fernandez de Guevara J. and Maudos J. Regional financial development and bank competition: effects on firms' growth, Regional Studies. This paper analyses the effect of regional financial development and bank competition on firms' growth using the Spanish provinces as a testing ground. The results show that firms in industries with a greater dependence on external finance grow faster in more financially developed provinces. The results also show that bank monopoly power has an inverted-‘U’ effect on firms' growth, suggesting that market power has its highest effect at intermediate values. The effect is heterogeneous among firms according to the financial dependence of the industry to which …
Smart Cities and a Stochastic Frontier Analysis: A Comparison among European Cities
2013
The level of interest in smart cities is growing, and the recent literature on this topic (Holland, 2008; Caragliu et al., 2009, Nijkamp et al., 2011 and Lombardi et al., 2012) identifies a number of factors that characterise a city as smart, such as economic development, environment, human capital, culture and leisure, and e-governance. Thus, the smartness concept is strictly linked to urban efficiency in a multifaceted way. A seminal research for European policy conducted by Giffinger et al. (2007) defines a smart city on the basis of several intangible indicators, such as a smart economy, smart mobility, smart environment, smart people, smart living, and smart governance. These authors’ …
Fondos estructurales y política regional en la Unión Europea
2000
The present work examines the reasons that gave rise to European Regional Policy and describes its principles and basic objectives, as well as the operational transformations it underwent from the 1988 Structural Fund reform till the approval of the Agenda 2000. Its ability to correct regional imbalances is subsequently compared with the limited ability of European Public Finance to carry out some of the functions performed by central governments in States with a federal political structure, which results in disparity between regional income levels and the corresponding tax balances. Finally, the achievements and limitations of European Regional Policy are assessed on a wide basis rather th…
Identifying a supply-chain related to the use of renewable natural resource: Case studies from France and Aquitaine region
2015
This paper aims to build a method to identify an economic sector. This type of method attempts to identify a pool of sub sector showing a strong intensity of economic flows between them. In this study, we show the potential of input output models for this type of analysis. Two types of contributions have been done here. First we improve the sub sector selection. Then we improve the calculation of the « economic distance between sub sectors belonging to the same sector. These improvements are applied to identified the wood sector in France but also at the regional level of Aquitaine. The empirical results show the features of sectors can vary between France and regions, mainly because of reg…
Política tecnológica y agentes del sistema regional de innovación. Impacto del V PM de I+D de la UE en las regiones españolas
2008
In this paper we analyse the impact of the Fifth EU R&D Framework Programme (1998-2002) in the Spanish regions, considering the characteristics of the respective regional systems of innovation. The starting theoretical framework is the interactive pattern of technological change where the interaction among the different phases of innovation processes and between actors involved is emphasized. The important role that firms play in this process is also underlined. This model links with the concept of regional innovation systems. The contextual character of technological innovation is furthermore highlighted as well as its importance for the effectiveness of technology policies that should res…
Ostacoli e determinanti dell’innovazione: un’analisi sulle imprese siciliane di successo
2010
Questo lavoro intende contribuire ad ampliare la precedente indagine Res sull’innovazione in Sicilia, soffermandosi in particolare ad analizzare i principali fattori di ostacolo alla realizzazione di innovazioni. In generale, le nostre elaborazioni mettono in evidenza l'esistenza di elevati livelli di percezione delle barriere territoriali esterne imposte dalle carenze del contesto (infrastrutture, pubblica amministrazione, servizi alle imprese etc.). Tuttavia, le nostre stime fanno emergere l’importanza delle barriere economiche e delle barriere relazionali nel determinare soprattutto le innovazioni di processo. Un altro risultato della ricerca sottolinea l’elevato grado di interdipendenza…
Linking scientific and practical knowledge in innovation systems
2011
New research indicates that firms combining the science-based STI (Science, Technology, Innovation) and the experience-based DUI (Doing, Using, Interacting) modes of innovation are more efficient when it comes to improving innovation capacity and competitiveness. With regard to innovation policy, the STI mode calls for a supply driven policy, typically aimed to commercialise research results. The DUI mode suggests a demand driven policy approach, such as supporting the development of new products or services to specific markets. This paper analyses how the two types of innovation policy and the two innovation modes can be combined in regional innovation systems. The analysis builds on studi…
Economic convergence vs. socio-economic convergence in space
2006
This paper aims to present a new analysis framework for assessing disparities among regions (or countries). It combines both economic and social variables, where the economic attributes refer in particular to marked differences in consumption variables. This analysis is also appealing for spatial convergence analyses over time. In our paper, both economic and social variables are included as the basis of a logical operational scheme that is suitable for comparative research. In this scheme the economic aspects of living standards are represented by different categories of consumption expenditures, while the social aspects are represented by indicators of health, education, labour market con…
MEASURING REGIONAL CONVERGENCE - AN APPLICATION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION AND ROMANIA
2012
Attention of regional economic convergence has a great place in economics literature. The application of spatially explicit methods of data analysis to the convergence question has yielded important insights on regional economic growth. The literature on regional income inequality, although somewhat older than the convergence literature, has been slower to adopt new spatially explicit methods of data analysis. Application of recently developed methods of spatial econometrics to the question of regional convergence has yielded a more comprehensive and multidimensional view of regional economic growth. This article aims to identify the techniques and methods use for regional convergence and i…