Search results for "Regression Analysis"

showing 10 items of 807 documents

Multiple Comparisons of Treatments with Stable Multivariate Tests in a Two‐Stage Adaptive Design, Including a Test for Non‐Inferiority

2000

The application of stabilized multivariate tests is demonstrated in the analysis of a two-stage adaptive clinical trial with three treatment arms. Due to the clinical problem, the multiple comparisons include tests of superiority as well as a test for non-inferiority, where non-inferiority is (because of missing absolute tolerance limits) expressed as linear contrast of the three treatments. Special emphasis is paid to the combination of the three sources of multiplicity - multiple endpoints, multiple treatments, and two stages of the adaptive design. Particularly, the adaptation after the first stage comprises a change of the a-priori order of hypotheses.

Statistics and ProbabilityMultivariate statisticsAdaptive clinical trialMultivariate analysisMultiple comparisons problemStatisticsContrast (statistics)Regression analysisGeneral MedicineStatistics Probability and UncertaintyMissing dataStatistical hypothesis testingMathematicsBiometrical Journal
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Asymptotics for pooled marginal slicing estimator based on SIRα approach

2005

Pooled marginal slicing (PMS) is a semiparametric method, based on sliced inverse regression (SIR) approach, for achieving dimension reduction in regression problems when the outcome variable y and the regressor x are both assumed to be multidimensional. In this paper, we consider the SIR"@a version (combining the SIR-I and SIR-II approaches) of the PMS estimator and we establish the asymptotic distribution of the estimated matrix of interest. Then the asymptotic normality of the eigenprojector on the estimated effective dimension reduction (e.d.r.) space is derived as well as the asymptotic distributions of each estimated e.d.r. direction and its corresponding eigenvalue.

Statistics and ProbabilityNumerical AnalysisDimensionality reductionStatisticsSliced inverse regressionAsymptotic distributionEstimatorRegression analysisStatistics Probability and UncertaintyMarginal distributionEffective dimensionEigenvalues and eigenvectorsMathematicsJournal of Multivariate Analysis
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Lattices and dual lattices in optimal experimental design for Fourier models

1998

Number-theoretic lattices, used in integration theory, are studied from the viewpoint of the design and analysis of experiments. For certain Fourier regression models lattices are optimal as experimental designs because they produce orthogonal information matrices. When the Fourier model is restricted, that is a special subset of the full factorial (cross-spectral) model is used, there is a difficult inversion problem to find generators for an optimal design for the given model. Asymptotic results are derived for certain models as the dimension of the space goes to infinity. These can be thought of as a complexity theory connecting designs and models or as special type of Nyquist sampling t…

Statistics and ProbabilityOptimal designDiscrete mathematicsFactorialApplied MathematicsDesign of experimentsInversion (meteorology)Regression analysisComputational Mathematicssymbols.namesakeFourier transformComputational Theory and MathematicsLattice (order)symbolsApplied mathematicsNyquist–Shannon sampling theoremMathematicsComputational Statistics & Data Analysis
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Exploring regression structure with graphics

1993

We investigate the extent to which it may be possible to carry out a regression analysis using graphics alone, an idea that we refer to asgraphical regression. The limitations of this idea are explored. It is shown that graphical regression is theoretically possible with essentially no constraints on the conditional distribution of the response given the predictors, but with some conditions on marginal distribution of the predictors. Dimension reduction subspaces and added variable plots play a central role in the development. The possibility of useful methodology is explored through two examples.

Statistics and ProbabilityPolynomial regressionEconometricsSufficient dimension reductionPartial regression plotRegression analysisCross-sectional regressionConditional probability distributionStatistics Probability and UncertaintyMarginal distributionSegmented regressionMathematicsTest
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Estimating regression models with unknown break-points.

2003

This paper deals with fitting piecewise terms in regression models where one or more break-points are true parameters of the model. For estimation, a simple linearization technique is called for, taking advantage of the linear formulation of the problem. As a result, the method is suitable for any regression model with linear predictor and so current software can be used; threshold modelling as function of explanatory variables is also allowed. Differences between the other procedures available are shown and relative merits discussed. Simulations and two examples are presented to illustrate the method.

Statistics and ProbabilityProper linear modelMultivariate adaptive regression splinesModels StatisticalEpidemiologyLinear modelDustMarginal modelSurvival AnalysisLinear predictor functionStatisticsLinear regressionChronic DiseaseApplied mathematicsHeart TransplantationHumansRegression AnalysisSegmented regressionBronchitisRegression diagnosticMathematicsStatistics in medicine
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The Induced Smoothed lasso: A practical framework for hypothesis testing in high dimensional regression.

2020

This paper focuses on hypothesis testing in lasso regression, when one is interested in judging statistical significance for the regression coefficients in the regression equation involving a lot of covariates. To get reliable p-values, we propose a new lasso-type estimator relying on the idea of induced smoothing which allows to obtain appropriate covariance matrix and Wald statistic relatively easily. Some simulation experiments reveal that our approach exhibits good performance when contrasted with the recent inferential tools in the lasso framework. Two real data analyses are presented to illustrate the proposed framework in practice.

Statistics and ProbabilityStatistics::TheoryInduced smoothingEpidemiologyComputer scienceFeature selectionWald test01 natural sciencesasthma researchStatistics::Machine Learning010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciencesHealth Information ManagementLasso (statistics)Linear regressionsparse modelsStatistics::MethodologyComputer Simulation0101 mathematicssandwich formula030304 developmental biologyStatistical hypothesis testing0303 health sciencesCovariance matrixlung functionRegression analysisStatistics::Computationsparse modelResearch DesignAlgorithmSmoothingvariable selectionStatistical methods in medical research
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Nonlinear parametric quantile models

2020

Quantile regression is widely used to estimate conditional quantiles of an outcome variable of interest given covariates. This method can estimate one quantile at a time without imposing any constraints on the quantile process other than the linear combination of covariates and parameters specified by the regression model. While this is a flexible modeling tool, it generally yields erratic estimates of conditional quantiles and regression coefficients. Recently, parametric models for the regression coefficients have been proposed that can help balance bias and sampling variability. So far, however, only models that are linear in the parameters and covariates have been explored. This paper …

Statistics and ProbabilityStatistics::Theoryquantile regressionEpidemiologyparametric010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesquantile regression coefficients models010104 statistics & probabilityOutcome variableHealth Information ManagementCovariateEconometricsHumansStatistics::MethodologyComputer Simulation0101 mathematicsChild0105 earth and related environmental sciencesParametric statisticsMathematicsModels StatisticalForced oscillation technique integrated loss function parametric quantile regression quantile regression coefficients models Child Computer Simulation Humans Regression Analysis Models Statistical Nonlinear DynamicsStatistics::ComputationQuantile regressionNonlinear systemNonlinear Dynamicsintegrated loss functionRegression AnalysisQuantileStatistical Methods in Medical Research
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Building up adjusted indicators of students' evaluation of university courses using generalized item response models

2012

This article advances a proposal for building up adjusted composite indicators of the quality of university courses from students’ assessments. The flexible framework of Generalized Item Response Models is adopted here for controlling the sources of heterogeneity in the data structure that make evaluations across courses not directly comparable. Specifically, it allows us to: jointly model students’ ratings to the set of items which define the quality of university courses; explicitly consider the dimensionality of the items composing the evaluation form; evaluate and remove the effect of potential confounding factors which may affect students’ evaluation; model the intra-cluster variabilit…

Statistics and ProbabilityStructure (mathematical logic)Computer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectadjusted indicators explanatory item response models multidimensional latent traits multilevel models evaluation of university courses potential confounding factorsRegression analysisData structureAffect (psychology)Multilevel dataComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONEconometricsMathematics educationQuality (business)Settore SECS-S/05 - Statistica SocialeStatistics Probability and UncertaintySet (psychology)Settore SECS-S/01 - Statisticamedia_commonCurse of dimensionality
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Sample size in cluster-randomized trials with time to event as the primary endpoint

2011

In cluster-randomized trials, groups of individuals (clusters) are randomized to the treatments or interventions to be compared. In many of those trials, the primary objective is to compare the time for an event to occur between randomized groups, and the shared frailty model well fits clustered time-to-event data. Members of the same cluster tend to be more similar than members of different clusters, causing correlations. As correlations affect the power of a trial to detect intervention effects, the clustered design has to be considered in planning the sample size. In this publication, we derive a sample size formula for clustered time-to-event data with constant marginal baseline hazards…

Statistics and ProbabilityTime FactorsEndpoint DeterminationSubstance-Related DisordersEpidemiologyPsychological interventionBiostatisticsTime-to-Treatmentlaw.inventionCorrelationRandom AllocationRandomized controlled triallawStatisticsClinical endpointEconometricsCluster AnalysisHumansPoisson DistributionBaseline (configuration management)Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicMathematicsEvent (probability theory)Likelihood FunctionsModels StatisticalTerm (time)Sample size determinationSample SizeRegression AnalysisSubstance Abuse Treatment CentersStatistics in Medicine
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On the ambiguous consequences of omitting variables

2015

This paper studies what happens when we move from a short regression to a long regression (or vice versa), when the long regression is shorter than the data-generation process. In the special case where the long regression equals the data-generation process, the least-squares estimators have smaller bias (in fact zero bias) but larger variances in the long regression than in the short regression. But if the long regression is also misspecified, the bias may not be smaller. We provide bias and mean squared error comparisons and study the dependence of the differences on the misspecification parameter.

Statistics::TheoryMean squared errorjel:C52Regression dilutionjel:C51Local regressionjel:C13Regression analysisOmitted-variable biasCross-sectional regressionStatistics::ComputationOmitted variables Misspecification Least-squares estimators Bias Mean squared errorStatistics::Machine LearningStatisticsEconometricsStatistics::MethodologyRegression diagnosticNonlinear regressionMathematics
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