Search results for "Relative"
showing 10 items of 1094 documents
1267 HSP70-2 polymorphism as a risk factor for carotid plaque rupture and cerebral ischaemia in old type 2 diabetes-atherosclerotic patients.
2005
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are at risk for macrovascular disease complications, such as myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke from plaque rupture. Cytokines play a key role in plaque vulnerability. IFN-gamma inhibits collagen synthesis thereby affecting plaque stability. High IL-6, TNF-alpha, and dyslipidemia are risk factors for thrombosis. Abnormal increments of HSP70 in atherosclerotic plaques might lead to plaque instability and rupture caused by chronic inflammation, which up-regulates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) in human monocytes. Studies of a polymorphic PstI site lying in the coding region at position 1267 of the HSP70-2 gene…
Fish population size, and not density, as the determining factor of parasite infection: a case study.
2004
The diversity and abundance of parasites vary widely among populations of the same host species. These infection parameters are, to some extent, determined by characteristics of the host population or of its habitat. Recent studies have supported predictions derived from epidemiological models regarding the influence of host population density: parasite abundance and parasite species richness are expected to increase with increasing host population density, at least for directly transmitted parasites. Here, we test this prediction using a natural system in which populations of the crucian carp, Carassius carassius (L.), occur alone, with no other fish species, in a series of 9 isolated pond…
Everything you wanted to know about phase and reference frequency in one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy
2019
The fundamental concept of phase discussed in this tutorial aimed at providing students with an explanation of the delays and processing parameters they may find in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) pulse programs. We consider the phase of radio-frequency pulses, receiver, and magnetization and how all these parameters are related to phases and offsets of signals in spectra. The impact of the off-resonance effect on the phase of the magnetization is discussed before presenting an overview of how adjustment of the time reference of the free induction decay avoids first-order correction of the phase of spectra. The main objective of this tutorial is to show how the relative phase of a pulse an…
Response of Chinese Hamster V79 Multicellular Spheroids Exposed to High-Energy Carbon Ions
2004
Chinese hamster V79-379A spheroids 200 +/- 30 microm (+/- SD) in diameter were irradiated in agitated medium in different oxygen atmospheres with (1) 227 MeV/nucleon (12)C(+6) ions (plateau region) to model tissue in the entrance channel during therapy, (2) carbon ions in the extended Bragg peak modeling tissue in the target volume, or (3) X rays as a reference modality. Cell survival curves were similar for modes (1) and (3), indicating the absence of a contact effect and the presence of a pronounced oxygen effect with oxygen enhancement ratios (OERs) of 2.8 and 2.9, respectively. In contrast, the oxygen effect was substantially smaller in mode (2) with an OER of 1.4. Under normal or restr…
Investigations on The Micro-Structure of Hardened Cement Pastes
1988
Abstract Creep is a mechanical property, that has to be taken into account in the design of concrete constructions. Earlier studies showed that creep of concrete, among other things, depends on the relative humidity of the environment and on the type of cement used. The origin of creep lies in the hydrated cement paste, which is present between the aggregates. This paper, based on a thesis of H.H. Willems (ref. 1) deals with the relation between the creep behaviour and the microstructure of hardened Portland (PC) and Portland-blastfurnace cement (PBC) pastes. At several relative humidities shrinkage and creep experiments have been performed with thin-walled hollow cylindrical specimens. Nex…
Socioeconomic factors and cervical cancer mortality in Spain during the period 1989?1997
2002
A study was made of cervical cancer (CC) mortality trends in Spain during the period 1989–1997 at National, Autonomous Community and Provincial levels, in relation to different socioeconomic factors. Data were obtained from the Spanish National Institute of Statistics (Instituto Nacional de Estadistica, INE). The crude mortality rates were age-adjusted using the indirect method and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as socioeconomic status (SES) indicator. National CC age-adjusted mortality rates have increasing slightly, varying from 3.09 deaths/100,000 women in 1989 to 3.42 in 1996. The highest age-adjusted mortality rates corresponded to Seville, Palencia and Orense, with 4.13, 4.06 and 3.98 c…
Effectiveness of progestogens to improve perinatal outcome in twin pregnancies : an individual participant data meta-analysis
2015
Background In twin pregnancies, the rates of adverse perinatal outcome and subsequent long-term morbidity are substantial, and mainly result from preterm birth (PTB). Objectives To assess the effectiveness of progestogen treatment in the prevention of neonatal morbidity or PTB in twin pregnancies using individual participant data meta-analysis (IPDMA). Search strategy We searched international scientific databases, trial registration websites, and references of identified articles. Selection criteria Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) of 17–hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17Pc) or vaginally administered natural progesterone, compared with placebo or no treatment. Data collection and analysis I…
Water vapour adsorption onto Ca2+ Camp–Berteau montmorillonite and comparison with properties of Na+ sample
2004
Abstract In this paper, we present an analysis of the adsorbed amounts and adsorption heats of water vapour of Ca2+ Camp–Berteau montmorillonite. Measurements were obtained at 298 K using thermogravimetry and calorimetry as a function of relative pressure and the study was completed by the adsorption of nitrogen at 77 K. Experimental data were analysed with BET and t-method theories and compared with those of the Na+ sample. A correlation was shown between models and two domains observed on the calorimetric curves. These domains have been attributed to a multilayer equivalent adsorption. However, the determination of the surface area of clays remains a difficulty. So, the areas of interlaye…
Understanding Digestive Ripening of Ligand-Stabilized, Charged Metal Nanoparticles
2017
Most syntheses of thiolate-protected metal nanoparticles (NPs) include a thermochemical step in which the as-prepared, polydisperse NPs are transformed to a narrower size distribution in a poorly understood process known as digestive ripening (DR). Previous theoretical approaches considered either surface and electrostatic contributions or surface and ligand-binding contributions. We show that the three contributions are needed to obtain theoretical predictions in agreement with experimental observations. Although statistical thermodynamics does not clarify mechanistic details, it certainly provides valuable insights on the DR process. Remarkably, a relatively simple theory with no fitting …
Adhesion and adhesion hysteresis of mica surfaces covered with bola-amphipiles in dry and humid air
1998
Abstract Bola-amphiphiles with spherical hydrophilic chinuclidinium head groups form laterally ordered monolayers on mica by adsorption from solution. To measure the surface adhesion, JKR-type compression/decompression cycles have been performed with the surface forces apparatus (SFA). In an inert atmosphere, the adhesion energy on increasing the contact area is much lower than predicted by wetting experiments. Furthermore, the pronounced adhesion hysteresis varies from sample to sample in a wide range, indicating a defect-rich surface. On increase of the relative humidity (rh), the reproducibility improves and the values for the adhesion energy measured on compression and decompression con…