Search results for "Relative"
showing 10 items of 1094 documents
Time-variations of zeroth-order vegetation absorption and scattering at L-band
2021
Abstract Surface soil moisture and vegetation optical depth (VOD), as an indicator of vegetation wet biomass, from passive microwave remote sensing have been increasingly applied in global ecology and climate research. Both soil moisture and VOD are retrieved from satellite brightness temperature measurements assuming a zeroth order radiative transfer model, commonly known as the tau-omega model. In this model the emission of a vegetated surface is dependent on soil moisture, vegetation absorption and vegetation scattering. Vegetation scattering is normally represented by the single scattering albedo, ω, and is commonly assumed to be a time-invariant calibration parameter to achieve high ac…
Systematic review with meta-analysis: the haemodynamic effects of carvedilol compared with propranolol for portal hypertension in cirrhosis
2013
Summary Background Propranolol is recommended for prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Carvedilol is a nonselective beta-blocker with a mild anti-alfa-1-adrenergic activity. Several studies have compared carvedilol and propranolol, yielding inconsistent results. Aim To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the randomised clinical trials comparing carvedilol with propranolol for hepatic vein pressure gradient reduction. Methods Studies were searched on the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane library databases up to November 2013. The weighted mean difference in percent hepatic vein pressure gradient reduction and the relative risk of failure to achieve a hemodynamic response (r…
Impact of hepatitis C virus clearance by direct-acting antiviral treatment on the incidence of major cardiovascular events: A prospective multicentre…
2020
Background and aims: HCV is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events (CV). Whether HCV clearance by direct-acting antivirals (DAA) reduces incident CV disease is poorly understood. We investigate whether HCV eradication reduces CV events. Methods: In a prospective multicentre study, 2204 HCV patients (F0–F2:29.5%, F3–F4: 70.5%) were enrolled. Males were 48%, median age was 68 (59–74) years and BMI 25.9 (23.1–28); 24.7% were smokers, 18% had diabetes, 13.2% had cholesterol levels >200 mg/dl and 9.1% took statins, 44% had hypertension. During an overall median follow-up of 28 (24–39) months, incident CV events, such as ischemic heart disease (IHD) and ischemic cerebral st…
Survival and prognostic indicators in compensated and decompensated cirrhosis
1986
Six-year survival of cirrhosis was assessed in a series of 1155 consecutive patients (751 men, 404 women). Among the men, 33% were alcoholics and 18% were HBsAg positive; corresponding figures for the women were 15% and 6%, respectively. Features of decompensation at first presentation were observed in 63% of the patients. Six-year survival was 54% in compensated and 21% in decompensated patients. No significant differences in survival were found between alcoholics and nonalcoholics. Leading causes of death were liver failure (49%), hepatocellular carcinoma (22%), and bleeding (13%). The prognostic role of 21 variables was evaluated separately in compensated and decompensated patients by th…
Association Between Fibrosis Stage and Outcomes of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta -Analysis
2020
Background & Aims:\ud Biopsy-confirmed liver fibrosis is a prognostic factor for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We performed a systematic review to quantify the prognostic value of fibrosis stage in patients with NAFLD and the subgroup of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and to assess the evidence that change in fibrosis stage is a surrogate endpoint.\ud \ud Methods:\ud We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and trial registry databases through August 2018 for prospective or retrospective cohort studies of liver-related clinical events and outcomes in adults with NAFLD or NASH. We collected data on mortality (all cause and liver rela…
Chronic high risk of intimate partner violence against women in disadvantaged neighborhoods: An eight-year space-time analysis
2020
Abstract We conducted a small-area ecological longitudinal study to analyze neighborhood contextual influences on the spatio-temporal variations in intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) risk in a southern European city over an eight-year period. We used geocoded data of IPVAW cases with associated protection orders (n = 5867) in the city of Valencia, Spain (2011–2018). The city's 552 census block groups were used as the neighborhood units. Neighborhood-level covariates were: income, education, immigrant concentration, residential instability, alcohol outlet density, and criminality. We used a Bayesian autoregressive approach to spatio-temporal disease mapping. Neighborhoods with l…
DOSE–RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION AND LUMBAR DISK DISEASE—A FIELD STUDY ON 388 DRIVERS OF DIFFERENT VEHICLES
1998
Abstract In a longitudinal study, the dose–response relationships between long term occupational exposure to whole-body vibration and degenerative processes in the lumbar spine caused by the lumbar disks were examined. From 1990 to 1992, 388 vibration-exposed workers from different driving jobs were examined medically and by lumbar X-ray. For each individual, a history of all exposure conditions was recorded, and a cumulative vibration dose was calculated allowing comparisons between groups of low, middle, and high intensity of exposure. 310 subjects were selected for a follow-up four years later, of whom 90·6% (n=281) agreed to participate. In comparing the exposure groups, the results ind…
Handgrip strength and cause-specific and total mortality in older disabled women: exploring the mechanism.
2003
OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between muscle strength and total and cause-specific mortality and the plausible contributing factors to this association, such as presence of diseases commonly underlying mortality, inflammation, nutritional deficiency, physical inactivity, smoking, and depression. DESIGN: Prospective population-based cohort study with mortality surveillance over 5 years. SETTING: Elderly women residing in the eastern half of Baltimore, Maryland, and part of Baltimore County. PARTICIPANTS: Nine hundred nineteen moderately to severely disabled women aged 65 to 101 who participated in handgrip strength testing at baseline as part of the Women's Health and Aging Study. M…
Relativ alderseffekt i norsk kretslagsfotball : Eksisterer det en relativ alderseffekt blant selekterte norske kretslagsspillere?
2017
Masteroppgave idrettsvitenskap ME517 - Universitetet i Agder 2017 The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of a relative age effect among selected youth players on a regional level in Norwegian soccer and to determine if players born in different quarters of the selectionyear, assess their soccer-related abilities differently. Previuos research has shown that players born early in the selectionyear, has been overrepresented in youth national teams in Europe (Helsen et al., 2005) and talentdevelopment-programs (Carling et al., 2009). A total number of 624 players took part in this study, from 16 out of 18 different regions in Norway and the players were considered the most…
The EORTC computer-adaptive tests measuring physical functioning and fatigue exhibited high levels of measurement precision and efficiency
2013
Objectives: The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Group is developing a computer-adaptive test (CAT) version of the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30). We evaluated the measurement properties of the CAT versions of physical functioning (PF) and fatigue (FA) and compared these with the corresponding QLQ-C30 scales. Study Design and Setting: Based on international samples of more than 1,000 cancer patients, we simulated CAT administration of varying numbers of items and compared the resulting scores with those based on all items in the respective item pools. Furthermore, the relative validity (RV) of CATs was compared with that of th…