Search results for "Relative"

showing 10 items of 1094 documents

Humidity effects on gravitational settling and Brownian diffusion of atmospheric aerosol particles

1977

The dependency on relative humidity of the settling velocity of aerosol particles in stagnant air and of the diffusion coefficient due to Brownian motion of aerosol particles was computed for six aerosol types and different particles sizes in dry state. The computations are based (1) on mean bulk densities of dry aerosol particles obtained from measurements or from the knowledge of the chemical composition of the particles, (2) on micro-balance measurements of the water uptake per unit mass of dry aerosol substance versus water activity at thermodynamic equilibrium, and (3) on measurements of the equilibrium water activity of aqueous sea salt solutions. The results show a significant depend…

Materials scienceThermodynamic equilibriumDiffusionThermodynamicsHumidityrespiratory systemAtmospheric sciencescomplex mixturesAerosolGeophysicsDeposition (aerosol physics)SettlingGeochemistry and PetrologyParticleRelative humidityPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsPure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH
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Research on the electrostatic properties of liquid dielectric mixtures

2007

Abstract This paper presents research results, which confirm the possibility of influencing the electrostatic charge tendency (ECT) of selected mixtures of purely insulating liquids. Tests were performed in a spinning disk system, where the factors influencing the value of the electrification current consisted of variable composition of the toluene–cyclohexane mixture, rotational speed, and a disk diameter. Liquid hydrocarbon mixtures displayed changes in ECT as well as classic insulation parameters such as resistivity and relative permittivity for concentration changes of the admixtures. These results can be used to assist the search for inhibitors of ECT and of aging processes in insulati…

Materials scienceTransformer oilLiquid dielectricRelative permittivityRotational speedCondensed Matter PhysicsElectric chargeSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsHydrocarbon mixtureschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryElectrical resistivity and conductivityElectronic engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringCurrent (fluid)Composite materialBiotechnologyJournal of Electrostatics
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Molecular Semiconductors — Doped Insulator (MSDI) heterojunctions as new conductometric devices for chemosensing in wet atmosphere.

2015

Most of the gas sensors are based on resistors with inorganic materials and more rarely on other conductometric devices (diodes or transistors). Conductometric sensors have also been designed with molecular materials. Thus, in 2009, Molecular Semiconductor — Doped-insulator (MSDI) heterojunctions were built around a heterojunction between a molecular semiconductor (MS) and a doped-insulator (DI). The MS must be more conductive than the sublayer to take advantage of the heterojunction. The MS is generally of p-type and DI can be of p-type (p-MSDI) or n-type (n-MSDI) material. The energy barrier at the interface depends on the difference in the charge carrier density in the two layers, leadin…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryTransistorDopingAnalytical chemistryHeterojunctionInsulator (electricity)law.inventionSemiconductorlawOxidizing agentElectronic engineeringRelative humiditybusinessDiodeProceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications
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The Influence of Ageing on the Impact Damage of Carbon Epoxy Composites

2011

Abstract This study looks into the influence of ageing on the carbon epoxy composite when impact is applied. Three different stacking sequences were investigated, one sequence with the classic lay-up, whereas the other two have quasi-isotropic and quasi-homogeneous behaviour. The specimens were aged up to 2100 h (3 months) in a climatic chamber with a temperature of 70 °C and relative humidity of 85%. The mass was measured regularly during the hygrothermal ageing treatment. The mass was always measured directly after exiting the climatic chamber and it was noted that for each stacking sequence, the same regular increase in mass is observed until stabilisation. The specimens were then impact…

Materials sciencec-scanComposite numberchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineEpoxyUltrasonic analysisAgeingImpactchemistryCarbon epoxy compositeAgeingvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumRelative humidityComposite materialCarbonEngineering(all)Procedia Engineering
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A plasticity model for predicting the rheological behavior of paperboard

2017

The sorption of water into the paperboard exposes a container to reversible and irreversible deformations under relative humidity variations. In this study, an elasto-plastic material model is used to demonstrate how through-thickness dry solids content gradients can generate permanent in-plane strains in paperboard. The measurements presented in this paper indicate that in consecutive loading-unloading cycles, the yield stress either remains roughly constant or decreases, and an additional permanent set of strain is obtained even when the maximum tension of repetitions stays constant. Two modified approaches concerning elasto-plastic hardening behavior based on the measurements of this wor…

Materials sciencecyclic humidity changesdry solids content gradientmoisture-accelerated creep02 engineering and technologyPlasticity0203 mechanical engineeringRheologyGeneral Materials ScienceRelative humidityComposite materialta216ShrinkagePaperboardta214ta114Applied MathematicsMechanical Engineeringta111paperboardmechano-sorptive creepSorption021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics020303 mechanical engineering & transportsCreepkartonkiMechanics of MaterialsModeling and Simulationvisual_artHardening (metallurgy)visual_art.visual_art_mediumelasto-plasticity0210 nano-technologyInternational Journal of Solids and Structures
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Optimal Starting Conditions for the Rendezvous Maneuver, Part 2: Mathematical Programming Approach

2008

In a companion paper (Part 1, J. Optim. Theory Appl. 137(3), [2008]), we determined the optimal starting conditions for the rendezvous maneuver using an optimal control approach. In this paper, we study the same problem with a mathematical programming approach.

Mathematical optimizationControl and OptimizationControl theoryApplied MathematicsRelative motionTheory of computationOptimal trajectoryRendezvousManagement Science and Operations ResearchOrbit (control theory)Optimal controlMathematics
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Partial data inverse problems for the Hodge Laplacian

2017

We prove uniqueness results for a Calderon type inverse problem for the Hodge Laplacian acting on graded forms on certain manifolds in three dimensions. In particular, we show that partial measurements of the relative-to-absolute or absolute-to-relative boundary value maps uniquely determine a zeroth order potential. The method is based on Carleman estimates for the Hodge Laplacian with relative or absolute boundary conditions, and on the construction of complex geometric optics solutions which reduce the Calderon type problem to a tensor tomography problem for 2-tensors. The arguments in this paper allow to establish partial data results for elliptic systems that generalize the scalar resu…

Mathematics - Differential GeometryPure mathematicsadmissible manifoldsType (model theory)partial data01 natural sciences58J32inversio-ongelmatMathematics - Analysis of PDEsFOS: MathematicsBoundary value problemUniquenessTensor0101 mathematicsMathematicsNumerical Analysisabsolute and relative boundary conditionsGeometrical opticsinverse problemsApplied Mathematicsta111010102 general mathematicsScalar (physics)Inverse problemCarleman estimates010101 applied mathematics35R30Differential Geometry (math.DG)Hodge LaplacianLaplace operatorAnalysisAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)Analysis & PDE
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Quasisymmetric extension on the real line

2018

We give a geometric characterization of the sets $E\subset \mathbb{R}$ that satisfy the following property: every quasisymmetric embedding $f: E \to \mathbb{R}^n$ extends to a quasisymmetric embedding $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}^N$ for some $N\geq n$.

Mathematics::Combinatoricsrelatively connected setsApplied MathematicsGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematicsta111Extension (predicate logic)Characterization (mathematics)01 natural sciencesCombinatoricsfunktioteoria0103 physical sciencesMathematics::Metric GeometryEmbedding010307 mathematical physics0101 mathematicsReal linequasisymmetric extensionMathematicsProceedings of the American Mathematical Society
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Effect of relative humidity on carvacrol release and permeation properties of chitosan based films and coating

2014

International audience; The influence of water vapour conditions on mass transport and barrier properties of chitosan based films and coatings were studied in relation to surface and structural properties. Water contact angles, material swelling, polymer degradation temperature, barrier properties (PO2, PCO2, WVP) and aroma diffusion coefficients were determined. The solvent nature and the presence of carvacrol influenced the surface and structural properties and then the barrier performance of activated chitosan films. Increasing RH from 0% to 100% led to a significant increase in material swelling. The plasticization effect of water was more pronounced at high humid environment, while at …

Matériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Materials scienceBiopolymer[ SPI.MECA ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph][ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials02 engineering and technologyPermeabilityAnalytical Chemistry[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsDiffusionChitosanContact anglechemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyPolymer degradationmedicineOrganic chemistryRelative humidityCarvacrolContact angleSwellingChitosanActive compound releaseMécanique [Sciences de l'ingénieur]Food PackagingWaterHumidityRelative humidity04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicinePermeationPolyethylene[SPI.MECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology040401 food sciencechemistryChemical engineering13. Climate actionMonoterpenesCymenesSwellingmedicine.symptom0210 nano-technologybiopolymer; relative humidity permeability; contact angle; active compound release; swellingFood Science
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Experimental study on triangular central baffle flume

2019

Abstract In this paper the results of the experiments performed to study the flow through a Triangular Central Baffle Flume (TCBF) are reported. The investigated flume consists of a triangular baffle of the apex angle of 75° with a given base width. The theoretical stage-discharge formula was deduced by applying the Buckingham's Theorem and incomplete self-similarity hypothesis and was calibrated using the laboratory measurements carried out in this investigation. The proposed stage-discharge formula is characterized by a mean absolute relative error of 7.4% and 72% of the data points are in an error range of ±5%. The results indicate that TCBF flume is characterized by a flow capacity high…

Mean absolute relative errorFlow (psychology)0207 environmental engineeringStage-discharge formulaBaffle02 engineering and technologyMechanicsSubmergence threshold01 natural sciencesComputer Science Applications010309 opticsFlumeTriangular central baffle flumeModeling and Simulation0103 physical sciencesRange (statistics)Flow capacitySettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliBuckingham theoremElectrical and Electronic EngineeringIncomplete self-similarity020701 environmental engineeringInstrumentationContraction ratioMathematicsFlow Measurement and Instrumentation
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