Search results for "Relativistic"

showing 10 items of 308 documents

The impact of the properties of the heaviest elements on the chemical and physical sciences

2012

Abstract The unique role of the heaviest elements in chemical and physical sciences is discussed. With the actinide series (Z = 90-103) and the superactinide series (Z = 122-155), the heaviest elements have significantly shaped the architecture of the Periodic Table of the elements. Relativistic effects in the electron shells of the heaviest elements change the chemical properties in a given group in a non-linear fashion. Relativistically stabilized sub-shell closures give rise to a new category of elements in the Periodic Table: volatile metals. The prototype for this property is element 114 which, due to the relativistic stabilization of its 7s2 7p2 1/2 electron configuration, is volatile…

Nuclear physicsPeriodic table (crystal structure)ChemistryNuclear structurePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsRelativistic quantum chemistryTransuranium elementRadiochimica Acta
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Hypernuclear spectroscopy of products from Li-6 projectiles on a carbon target at 2 A GeV

2013

WOS: 000322848900009

Nuclear reaction(Li-6E=2 GeV/nucleonNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaximum likelihoodWEAK DECAYFOS: Physical sciencesLIFETIMET-1/2. Compared with other datadeduced Lambda massC-12(LAMBDA)H-4)T-1/2measured Lambda H-3H-4 Lambda-hypernuclei invariant mass distribution T-1/2measured LambdaInvariant massNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)LIGHT HYPERFRAGMENTSSpectroscopyNuclear ExperimentX)PhysicsH-4 Lambda-hypernuclei invariant mass distributionH-3ProjectileSignificance valueslifetime measurementdeduced Lambda mass H-3H-4 Lambda-hypernuclei mass T-1/2. Compared with other data lifetime measurementNUCLEAR REACTIONS C(Li-6Decay timeLAMBDA-HYPERNUCLEIAtomic physicst)NUCLEAR REACTIONS C(Li-6 X) (Li-6 t) (Li-6 H-4) E=2 GeV/nucleonH-4 Lambda-hypernuclei massHypertritonRELATIVISTIC HYPERNUCLEINuclear Physics A
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Event-by-event fluctuations in a perturbative QCD plus saturation plus hydrodynamics model : Determining QCD matter shear viscosity in ultrarelativis…

2016

We introduce an event-by-event perturbative-QCD + saturation + hydro ("EKRT") framework for ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions, where we compute the produced fluctuating QCD-matter energy densities from next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD using a saturation conjecture to control soft-particle production and describe the space-time evolution of the QCD matter with dissipative fluid dynamics, event by event. We perform a simultaneous comparison of the centrality dependence of hadronic multiplicities, transverse momentum spectra, and flow coefficients of the azimuth-angle asymmetries against the LHC and RHIC measurements. We compare also the computed event-by-event probability distribut…

PB-PB COLLISIONSMULTIPLICITIES01 natural sciences114 Physical sciencesGLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONSquantum chromodynamicshydrodynamics model0103 physical sciencesFluid dynamics010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentTRANSVERSE ENERGIESKINETIC-THEORYQCD matterPhysicsta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsDISSIPATIVE FLUID-DYNAMICSELLIPTIC FLOWShear viscosityElliptic flowHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyPerturbative QCDheavy-ion collisionsCENTRALITY DEPENDENCEFREEZE-OUTShear (geology)Quantum electrodynamicsRELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONSQuark–gluon plasmaDissipative system
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Nuclear structure functions at a future electron-ion collider

2017

The quantitative knowledge of heavy nuclei's partonic structure is currently limited to rather large values of momentum fraction $x$---robust experimental constraints below $x\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ at low resolution scale ${Q}^{2}$ are particularly scarce. This is in sharp contrast to the free proton's structure which has been probed in Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) measurements down to $x\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ at perturbative resolution scales. The construction of an electron-ion collider (EIC) with a possibility to operate with a wide variety of nuclei, will allow one to explore the low-$x$ region in much greater detail. In the present paper we simula…

Particle physicsCOLLISIONSparticle interactionsProtonNuclear TheoryHERAFOS: Physical sciencesPartonPROTON7. Clean energy01 natural sciences114 Physical scienceslaw.inventionHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsNuclear Theory (nucl-th)DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERINGHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)law0103 physical sciencesKINEMATIC RECONSTRUCTIONNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsColliderNuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentPhysicsta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsRUNOrder (ring theory)Deep inelastic scatteringGluonDistribution functionnuclear structureHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentLHCnuclear decaysRelativistic Heavy Ion ColliderPDFS
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Fluid dynamics with saturated minijet initial conditions in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions

2014

Using next-to-leading order perturbative QCD and a conjecture of saturation to suppress the production of low-energy partons, we calculate the initial energy densities and formation times for the dissipative fluid dynamical evolution of the quark-gluon plasma produced in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. We identify the framework uncertainties and demonstrate the predictive power of the approach by a good global agreement with the measured centrality dependence of charged particle multiplicities, transverse momentum spectra and elliptic flow simultaneously for the Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC and Au+Au at RHIC. In particular, the shear viscosity in the different phases of QCD matter is…

Particle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMULTIPLICITIESNuclear TheoryFLOWeducationTRANSIENT RELATIVISTIC THERMODYNAMICSFOS: Physical sciencesParton114 Physical sciences7. Clean energyNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Nuclear physicsGLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONSHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Fluid dynamicsNUCLEAR COLLISIONSTRANSVERSE ENERGIESNuclear ExperimentKINETIC-THEORYQCD matterPhysicsta114QUARKElliptic flowHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyPerturbative QCDCENTRALITY DEPENDENCEQCDCharged particleHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyQuark–gluon plasmaDissipative systemPhysics Letters B
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Hypernuclear production cross section in the reaction of 6Li + 12C at 2 A GeV

2015

WOS: 000358624800021

Particle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPopulationH-4(LAMBDA)BEAMLIFETIMEStrangenessHEAVY-ION COLLISIONSLambdaParticle identificationNuclear physicsHypernucleiInvariant massRapidityeducationNuclear ExperimentPhysicseducation.field_of_studyHeavy ion collisionHyperonRelativistic energyHypernucleuslcsh:QC1-999STATEProduction cross sectionQUANTUM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICSLIGHT HYPERNUCLEIYield ratioDECAYlcsh:PhysicsRELATIVISTIC HYPERNUCLEIPhysics Letters B
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Cation Environment of BaCeO3−Based Protonic Conductors II: New Computational Models

2011

Quantum chemical calculations have been carried out to simulate Y-doped BaCeO(3) derivatives. Hartree-Fock energy functional was used to study octahedral site environments embedded in a Pmcn orthorhombic framework, showing local arrangement characterized by Ce-O-Ce, Ce-O-Y, and Y-O-Y (Z-O-Ξ) configurations and including or not hydrogen close to the moieties encompassing those configurations. The latter are, in fact, representative of - and, in our modeling approach, were treated as - local arrangements that could be found in Y:BaCeO(3)-doped materials. The geometrical optimizations performed on the structural models and a detailed orbital analysis of these systems allowed us to confirm and …

Phase transitionExtended X-ray absorption fine structureHydrogenShell (structure)2ND-ROW ELEMENTSchemistry.chemical_elementDOPED BARIUM CERATECrystal structureEXTENDED BASIS-SETSRELATIVISTIC EFFECTIVE POTENTIALSSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODSchemistryOctahedronSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaComputational chemistryChemical physicsPEROVSKITE OXIDESCRYSTAL-STRUCTURESPHASE-TRANSITIONSOrthorhombic crystal systemAB-INITIO PSEUDOPOTENTIALSPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryVALENCE BASIS-SETSEnergy functionalThe Journal of Physical Chemistry A
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Measurement of photon?jet transverse momentum correlations in 5.02 TeV Pb + Pb and pp collisions with ATLAS

2019

Jets created in association with a photon can be used as a calibrated probe to study energy loss in the medium created in nuclear collisions. Measurements of the transverse momentum balance between isolated photons and inclusive jets are presented using integrated luminosities of 0.49 nb−1 of Pb + Pb collision data at TeV and 25 pb−1 of pp collision data at TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Photons with transverse momentum GeV and are paired with all jets in the event that have GeV and pseudorapidity . The transverse momentum balance given by the jet-to-photon ratio, , is measured for pairs with azimuthal opening angle . Distributions of the per-photon jet yield as a function…

PhotonLEAD-LEAD COLLISIONS; PP COLLISIONS; ROOT-S(NN)=2.76 TEV; DEPENDENCEheavy ion: scatteringPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsMonte Carlo methodRelativistic heavy ion collisionsphoton–jet transverse momentum correlationsnucl-ex01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentDouble Drell–YanSubatomär fysikHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Double parton-scatteringDEPENDENCESubatomic Physicsscattering [p p][PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]luminositiesCollisions ROOT-S(NN)=2.76 TEVNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear Experimentdimension: 2GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)Nuclear ExperimentMonte CarloComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSQCComputer Science::DatabasesPhysicsJet (fluid)Large Hadron ColliderSettore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentalephotonyield [jet]transverse momentum: correlationATLASlcsh:QC1-999:Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Physics: 430::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]medicine.anatomical_structureCERN LHC Coll2 [dimension]nuclear matterLHCLEAD-LEAD COLLISIONSjet: yieldParticle Physics - ExperimentNuclear and High Energy Physicsp p: scatteringenergy loss [parton]530 PhysicsCiências Naturais::Ciências FísicasAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2LHC ATLAS High Energy Physics[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]jets Nuclear physicsAtlas (anatomy)0103 physical sciencesCalibrationmedicineddc:530RapidityNuclear Physics - Experiment5020 GeV-cms/nucleonHigh Energy Physics010306 general physicsCiencias ExactasFour-lepton productionHiggs golden decay channelPP COLLISIONSScience & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicshep-exHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologynucleus:Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]FísicaNuclear mattercalibrationjet quenching* Automatic Keywords *rapidityExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentparton: energy losscorrelation [transverse momentum]lcsh:Physicsexperimental resultsPhysics Letters B
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Observation of light-by-light scattering in ultraperipheral Pb+Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector

2019

This Letter describes the observation of the light-by-light scattering process, γγ→γγ, in Pb+Pb collisions at √sNN=5.02  TeV. The analysis is conducted using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.73  nb−1, collected in November 2018 by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Light-by-light scattering candidates are selected in events with two photons produced exclusively, each with transverse energy EγT>3  GeV and pseudorapidity |ηγ|<2.4, diphoton invariant mass above 6 GeV, and small diphoton transverse momentum and acoplanarity. After applying all selection criteria, 59 candidate events are observed for a background expectation of 12±3 events. The observed excess of events…

Photonheavy ion: scatteringmass spectrum: (2photon)Physics::Instrumentation and Detectorsmeasured [channel cross section]General Physics and Astronomytransverse energy [photon]nucl-ex01 natural sciencesLight scatteringHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Scattering processPseudorapidities[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Invariant massCollisionsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear Experimentelastic scattering [photon photon]Physicsphoton: transverse energyproton–proton collisionsLarge Hadron ColliderSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleATLAS:Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Physics: 430::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]CERN LHC CollPseudorapidityTransverse momentalight-by-light scatteringLHCchannel cross section: measuredParticle Physics - Experimentrelativistic heavy-ion collisionsjets(2photon) [mass spectrum]Transverse energyCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas530 PhysicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesATLAS experimentddc:500.2LHC ATLAS High Energy Physicstransverse momentumplanarity[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Relativistic heavy ions530AcoplanarityNuclear physicsscattering [heavy ion]Delbrück scattering0103 physical sciencesStandard deviationNuclear Physics - Experimentddc:5305020 GeV-cms/nucleonSelection criteria010306 general physicsperipheralCiencias Exactastwo-photon [mass spectrum]Integrated luminosityleadScience & Technologyhep-exrapidity [photon]Scatteringbackground:Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]Físicaphoton: rapidityElementary Particles and FieldsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentphoton photon: elastic scatteringmass spectrum: two-photonexperimental results
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Electronic structure of Rf+ (Z=104) from ab initio calculations

2021

We report calculation of the energy spectrum and the spectroscopic properties of the superheavy element ion: ${\mathrm{Rf}}^{+}$. We use the four-component relativistic Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian and the multireference configuration interaction model to tackle the complex electronic structure problem that combines strong relativistic effects and electron correlation. We determine the energies of the ground and the low-lying excited states of ${\mathrm{Rf}}^{+}$, which originate from the $7{s}^{2}6{d}^{1},\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}7{s}^{1}6{d}^{2},\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}7{s}^{2}7{p}^{1}$, and $7{s}^{1}6{d}^{1}7{p}^{1}$ configurations. The results are discussed vis-\`a-vis the lighter h…

Physics010304 chemical physicsElectronic correlationMultireference configuration interactionElectronic structure01 natural sciences7. Clean energysymbols.namesakeAb initio quantum chemistry methodsExcited state0103 physical sciencessymbolsAtomic physics010306 general physicsRelativistic quantum chemistryHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Energy (signal processing)Physical Review A
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