Search results for "Renal cortex"

showing 10 items of 172 documents

Safety Considerations of Inhaled Corticosteroids in the Elderly

2014

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are widely used in the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. However, high-dose regimens and long-term use of ICSs have the potential to cause a variety of local and systemic side effects such as candidiasis, cataracts, glaucoma, and osteoporosis. The use of ICSs can also be associated with the risk of bone fractures, diabetes mellitus and pneumonia. These ICS-related side effects are of particular importance in elderly patients due to the presence of comorbidities and age-related behavioral, cognitive, and psychological problems, which can all interact with inhaled treatment. We reviewed the available literature on the clinically …

Budesonidemedicine.medical_specialtyOsteoporosisSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioFluticasone propionatePulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructivePharmacotherapyCataractsAdrenal Cortex HormonesDiabetes mellitusAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)asthma corticosteroidsIntensive care medicineAgedCOPDbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseAsthmaPneumoniaTreatment OutcomePhysical therapyGeriatrics and Gerontologybusinessmedicine.drugDrugs & Aging
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Medical management of Crohn's disease

2011

The medical approach to Crohn's disease has been modified in recent years thanks to the introduction of new therapies, like biologics. Also, well-designed studies and systematic reviews have allowed better evaluation of the role of old drugs like steroids and immunosuppressors. This review aims to evaluate the recent evidence on the medical approach to Crohn's disease in the different settings of the disease.Randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses were included in the review. The research on all the studies discussed was based on the Cochrane Library, Medline and Embase, using the following medical subject headings: Crohn's disease, clinical trial, therapy, 5-aminosalicylic acid, ste…

Budesonidemedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyAnti-Inflammatory AgentsMEDLINEDiseaseCochrane LibraryManagement of Crohn's diseaselaw.inventionCrohn DiseaseRandomized controlled trialAdrenal Cortex HormoneslawmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)BudesonideIntensive care medicineBone Marrow TransplantationPharmacologyBiological ProductsTumor Necrosis Factor-alphabusiness.industryRemission InductionGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseAnti-Bacterial AgentsIntestinesClinical trialAminosalicylic AcidsMethotrexateTreatment OutcomeSystematic reviewPurinesbusinessImmunosuppressive Agentsmedicine.drugExpert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
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Regulation of Protein-DNA Interactions at the Interferon-gamma Gene Promoter by Corticosteroids: Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

1998

CD4-Positive T-LymphocytesRecombinant Fusion ProteinsProtein dnaInterferon-gamma biosynthesisTransfectionGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyInterferon-gammaHistory and Philosophy of ScienceAdrenal Cortex HormonesGenes ReporterT-Lymphocyte SubsetsmedicineHumansInterferon gammaPromoter Regions GeneticGenebusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceInflammatory Bowel DiseasesPromoterTransfectionInflammatory Bowel DiseasesTranscription Factor AP-1ImmunologyLeukocyte Common AntigensCancer researchLeukocyte Common Antigensbusinessmedicine.drugAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Regulation of Protein-DNA Interactions at the Interferon-gamma Gene Promoter by Corticosteroids

1998

CD4-Positive T-LymphocytesTranscription GeneticRecombinant Fusion ProteinsProtein dnaBiologyLymphocyte ActivationTransfectionDexamethasoneGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyInterferon-gammaHistory and Philosophy of ScienceAdrenal Cortex HormonesAntigens CDGenes ReportermedicineHumansInterferon gammaInterleukin 29Promoter Regions GeneticCells CulturedGeneral NeurosciencePromoterTATA BoxMolecular biologyTranscription Factor AP-1Cancer researchLeukocyte Common AntigensTetradecanoylphorbol Acetatemedicine.drugAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Haemodynamics of primary aldosteronism associated with adrenocortical adenoma: insights from bioimpedance cardiography measurements

2020

In mid 1950s, Dr Jerome Conn described a patient with hypertension, and renal potassium wasting associated with adrenocortical adenoma and increased urinary excretion of a sodium-retaining hormone, initially termed electrocortin, which was subsequently shown to be aldosterone. This was the first full report of primary hyperaldosteronism associated with an aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA). It subsequently became apparent that similar abnormalities can occur in the absence of an adrenocortical tumor, and it is now recognized that the APA is just one of many subtypes of primary aldosteronism (PA).

Cardiac outputmedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryHemodynamicsHemodynamicsmedicine.diseaseEssential hypertensionAdrenal Cortex NeoplasmsAdrenocortical adenomaVascular StiffnessVascular stiffnessPrimary aldosteronismInternal medicineAdrenocortical AdenomaHyperaldosteronismInternal MedicinemedicineCardiologyHumansCardiac OutputEssential HypertensionAldosterone - Adrenocortical adenoma - Primary hyperaldosteronism . HemodynamicsbusinessJournal of Internal Medicine
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Differential Promotion of Glutamate Transporter Expression and Function by Glucocorticoids in Astrocytes from Various Brain Regions

2005

Steroids that activate glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) and mineralocorticoid receptors have important regulatory effects on neural development, plasticity, and the body's stress response. Here, we investigated the role of corticosteroids in regulating the expression of the glial glutamate transporters glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) and glutamate-aspartate transporter (GLAST) in rat primary astrocytes. The synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone provoked a marked increase of GLT-1 transcription and protein levels in cortical astrocytes, whereas GLAST expression remained unaffected. Up-regulation of GLT-1 expression was accompanied by an enhanced glutamate uptake, which could be blocked …

Central Nervous SystemTime FactorsAmino Acid Transport System X-AGLigandsBiochemistryDexamethasoneRats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundGlucocorticoid receptorMineralocorticoid receptorAdrenal Cortex HormonesCorticosteroneCerebellumGene expressionLuciferasesReceptorDNA Modification MethylasesKainic AcidReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGlutamate receptorBrainImmunohistochemistryUp-RegulationMifepristoneAzacitidineNeurogliaGlucocorticoidmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classBlotting WesternDetergentsBiologyDecitabineTransfectionMembrane MicrodomainsInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsGlucocorticoidsMolecular BiologyDNA PrimersFluorescent DyesDose-Response Relationship DrugCell BiologyDNA MethylationRatsReceptors MineralocorticoidEndocrinologychemistryMineralocorticoidAstrocytesCorticosteroneJournal of Biological Chemistry
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AISF position paper on liver disease and pregnancy.

2016

Abstract The relationship between liver disease and pregnancy is of great clinical impact. Severe liver disease in pregnancy is rare; however, pregnancy-related liver disease is the most frequent cause of liver dysfunction during pregnancy and represents a severe threat to foetal and maternal survival. A rapid differential diagnosis between liver disease related or unrelated to pregnancy is required in women who present with liver dysfunction during pregnancy. This report summarizes the recommendation of an expert panel established by the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF) on the management of liver disease during pregnancy. The article provides an overview of liver disea…

Cholagogues and CholereticsViral HepatitisBudd-Chiari SyndromeChronic liver diseaseAdrenal Cortex HormoneGastroenterologyHyperemesis gravidarumLiver disease0302 clinical medicinePre-EclampsiaAdrenal Cortex HormonesCholelithiasisMED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIAPregnancyHyperemesis GravidarumEclampsiaCholelithiasiThiaminePregnancy Complications InfectiousCholagogues and CholereticSocieties Medical030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicineFatty liverUrsodeoxycholic AcidGastroenterologyCalcium Channel BlockersLiver diseases; Pregnancy; Gastroenterology; HepatologyPregnancy ComplicationAntihypertensive AgentItalyVitamin B ComplexBudd–Chiari syndromeLiver diseases; Pregnancy030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleCalcium Channel BlockerLiver diseaseHumanViral Hepatitis Vaccinesmedicine.medical_specialtyHELLP SyndromeHepatitis Viral HumanHELLP syndromeCholestasis Intrahepatic03 medical and health sciencesMagnesium SulfateInternal medicinemedicineHumansIntensive care medicineAntihypertensive AgentsLiver diseasesPregnancyEclampsiaHepatologybusiness.industrymedicine.diseasePregnancy ComplicationsFatty LiverPregnancy Liver disease Viral HepatitisPregnancy Complications InfectiouFluid TherapybusinessViral Hepatitis Vaccine
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Corticosteroids in oncology: Use, overuse, indications, contraindications. An Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM)/ Italian Association of …

2022

Corticosteroids (CSs) are widely used in oncology, presenting several different indications. They are useful for induction of apoptosis in hematological neoplasms, for management of anaphylaxis and cytokine release/hypersensitivity reaction and for the symptomatic treatment of many tumour- and treatment-related complications. If the employment of CSs in the oncological setting results in several benefits for patients and satisfaction for clinicians, on the other hand, many potential adverse events (AEs), both during treatment and after withdrawal of CSs, as well as the duality of the effects of these compounds in oncology, recommend being cautious in clinical practice. To date, several gray…

ConsensusSurvivalTumour responseSettore MED/06 - Oncologia MedicaContraindicationsHematologyMedical OncologyItalyOncologyAdrenal Cortex HormonesDoseAdverse eventsHumansCorticosteroidsIndicationsGlucocorticoidsSocieties MedicalCancer
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The Divergent Effect of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein (IGFBP) - 1 on IGF-induced Steroidogenesis in Bovine Adrenocortical Cells is not d…

2007

In previous studies we have shown that insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II stimulates basal as well as ACTH-induced cortisol secretion from bovine adrenocortical cells more potently than IGF-I. The steroidogenic effect of both, IGF-I and IGF-II, is mediated through the IGF-I receptor and modified by locally produced IGF binding proteins. Further studies demonstrate that bovine adrenocortical cells do synthesize IGFBP-1 to -4 and that their secretion is regulated differentially by IGFs and ACTH. Since IGFBP-1 selectively is induced 3- to 4- fold by ACTH, the aim of the following studies was to evaluate the effect of IGFBP-1 on IGF-induced cortisol secretion from bovine adrenocortical cells i…

Cortisol secretionmedicine.medical_specialtyHydrocortisoneEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentBiologyCulture Media Serum-FreeInsulin-like growth factor-binding proteinInsulin-like growth factorEndocrinologyAdrenocorticotropic HormoneSomatomedinsInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineAnimalsPhosphorylationReceptorCells CulturedAdrenal cortexGrowth factorGeneral MedicineLigand (biochemistry)Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1KineticsEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureInsulin-like growth factor 2Adrenal Cortexbiology.proteinCattlehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsExperimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes
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Roflumilast N-oxide reverses corticosteroid resistance in neutrophils from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2013

Background Glucocorticoid functions are markedly impaired in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor roflumilast N-oxide (RNO) is the active metabolite of roflumilast approved as a treatment to reduce the risk of exacerbations in patients with severe COPD. Objective We sought to characterize the differential effects of RNO versus corticosteroids and their potential additive/synergistic effect in neutrophils from patients with COPD, thus providing scientific rationale for the combination of roflumilast with corticosteroids in the clinic. Methods Peripheral blood neutrophils were isolated from patients with COPD (n = 32), smokers (n = 7), …

CyclopropanesLipopolysaccharidesMaleMAPK/ERK pathwaymedicine.medical_specialtyNeutrophilsPrimary Cell CultureImmunologyDrug ResistanceAminopyridinesGene ExpressionComplex MixturesDexamethasoneHistone DeacetylasesPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesPulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveGlucocorticoid receptorAdrenal Cortex HormonesInternal medicineTobaccomedicineHumansImmunology and AllergyMacrophage Migration-Inhibitory FactorsDexamethasoneActive metaboliteRoflumilastAgedCOPDbusiness.industryInterleukin-8Drug SynergismMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseIntramolecular OxidoreductasesEndocrinologyMatrix Metalloproteinase 9BenzamidesMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase PhosphatasesFemaleMacrophage migration inhibitory factorPhosphodiesterase 4 InhibitorsbusinessBiomarkersGlucocorticoidmedicine.drugJournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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