Search results for "Renal physiology"
showing 10 items of 26 documents
Effectiveness, safety/tolerability of OBV/PTV/r ± DSV in patients with HCV genotype 1 or 4 with/without HIV-1 co-infection, chronic kidney disease (C…
2019
Background and aims Limited data are available on the effectiveness and tolerability of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) therapies in the real world for HCV-infected patients with comorbidities. This study aimed to describe the effectiveness of OBV/PTV/r +/- DSV (3D/2D regimen) with or without ribavirin (RBV) in HCV or HCV/HIV co-infected patients with GT1/GT4 and CKD (IIIb-V stages), including those under hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis in routine clinical practice in Spain in 2015. Material and methods Non-interventional, retrospective, multicenter data collection study in 31 Spanish sites. Socio-demographic, clinical variables, study treatment characteristics, effectiveness and toler…
Caki-1 cells as a model system for the interaction of renally secreted drugs with OCT3.
2008
<i>Background/Aims:</i> Organic cation transporters (OCT) in the proximal tubules (PTs) participate in the renal secretion of several therapeutic agents. The exact role of OCT3 in renal secretion remains undetermined, partially due to the lack of an appropriate in vitro model system. The current work introduces the PT representative cell line, Caki-1, as a model system for studying the involvement of OCT3 in renal secretion. <i>Methods:</i> Caki-1 cells were characterized for OCT3 expression via real-time RT-PCR and immunocytochemical staining techniques. Uptake kinetics of OCT3 in Caki-1 cells was determined using prototypical substrates and inhibitors. Inhibition o…
OCTN2-Mediated Carnitine Uptake in a Newly Discovered Human Proximal Tubule Cell Line (Caki-1)
2006
The proximal tubular reabsorption of carnitine in the human kidney is significant because more than 95% of the carnitine filtered in the kidney is reabsorbed by the proximal tubules therefore maintaining the homeostatic balance of carnitine in the body. Objectives of this study include the characterization of OCTN2 function in the Caki-1 cell line and the potential interactions of carnitine uptake with renally secreted drugs, including drugs of quaternary ammonium structure. Caki-1 cells were additionally characterized to be of proximal tubule nature, and an apical membrane expression pattern of OCTN2 in Caki-1 cells was discovered. Uptake studies with radiolabeled L-carnitine in Caki-1 cel…
Studies on the kinetics and renal excretion of low and high molecular weight dextrans in preterm babies, newborns and young infants.
1977
Administration of low and high molecular weight dextrans in the initial phase of shock is no longer controversial. The special conditions in newborns, however, have been insufficiently considered in planning therapy. This investigation aimed at determining the biological half-lives of dextran 40 (Rheomacrodex®) and dextran 60 (Macrodex®) in this age group. The half-life of dextran 40 was found to be 60 min and that of dextran 60 3 h. Preterm babies and newborns excrete up to 25% less dextran 40 and 60 in 24 h than infants and adults. Normal adult values for excretion are only reached towards the end of the first year of life.
Elimination kinetics of the novel prodrug cinazepam possessing psychotropic activity in mice.
2011
Abstract The kinetics of excretion of the novel tranquilizer cinazepam (3-hydroxy-7-bromo-5-( ortho -chlorophenyl)-1,2-dihydro-3H-1,4-benzdiazepin-2-one hemisuccinate (I)) in mice after a single administration and different schemes of multiple administration were determined. Mass balance was studied daily in excretions of mice (feces and urine) for 5-10 days. We observed that monoexponen-tial renal excretion of 14 C-cinazepam and its metabolites predominated with all dosage regimens. Cinazepam and its metabolites were almost fully (> 90%) eliminated in urine and feces over the period of study (5-10 days), which means that no significant accumulation of the drug in the body occurred. The kin…
Renale Wasser- und Elektrolytausscheidung durstender Ratten innerhalb von 32 Stunden nach einmaliger intraven�ser Gabe von Chlormerodrin oder Mersalyl
1959
At the beginning of a period of hunger and thirst, rats received 3 or 4,5 to 5 mg.Hg/kg. as chlormerodrine or mersalyl. The optimal dose of 3mg Hg/kg.as chlormerodrine or 4,5mg. Hg/kg. as mersalyl was effective for more than 32 hours after a single injection.
Gef��- und Tubulusweite der Niere bei osmotischer und Wasserdiurese und nach Theophyllininjektionen
1960
The effects of i.v. administered hypertonic solutions (6-fold isotonic solutions of NaCl, sodium sulfate, glucose and mannitol) theophylline (25 mg/kg) and vasopressin (50 mE/kg) on the blood pressure, cortical kidney vessel blood content and tubulus dilatation were studied in large groups of mice. The blood pressure and blood content effects after i.p. injection of 10% NaCl solution and the blood content during water diuresis were also investigated. The kidney vessel blood content was determined through benzidine stained erythrocytes in kidney slices. An increase in blood content as compared to corresponding controls was consistently noted after i.v. injection of 6-fold isotonic solutions …
Die renale Elektrolytausscheidung normaler und adrenalektomierter Ratten nach intraven�sen Salzinjektionen und ihre Beeinflussung durch Corticosteroi…
1959
Groups of normal rats of both sexes in moderate water diuresis received i.v. injections of 5 ml./kg, of hypertonic (5 times isoosmotic) solutions of sodium chloride, mannitol er sodium sulfate. The renal excretion of water, sodium, chloride and potassium in a 30 minute-period following this injection was measured. It was compared to control values obtained 40 minutes earlier in the same animals after an i.v. injection of isotonic glucose solution. All hypertonic solutions increased diuresis, natriuresis, chloruresis and kaliuresis. While the effects of mannitol and sodium chloride were comparable, sodium sulfate was more natriuretic and less chloruretic. The excretion of potassium after inj…
Die renale S�ure- und Ammonium-Ionen-Ausscheidung normaler und adrenalektomierter Ratten und ihre Beeinflussung durch Nebennierenrindenhormone
1959
The renal excretion of acid and ammonium ions after an oral load of monosodium-phosphate (1.2 mEq. per rat) was studied in groups of adrenalectomized er sham-operated rats, maintained on 0.9 per cent NaCI solution and water, on the 6th or 12th day after operation. Untreated groups were compared to groups receiving either Corticotropin (25 U./kg./day s.c.) or Cortisone acetate (12.5 mg./kg./day s.c.) er (7.5 mg./kg./day s.c.) or D,L-Aldosterone acetate Cortexone acetate (0.15 mg./kg./day s.c.) from the 3rd to the 12th day after opetarion. In sham-operated rats Cortisone increased H+ excretion and diuresis on the 6th day after operation (3rd day of treatment). This influence did not persist o…
Die Ausbildung verschieden starker Stauungs�deme bei der Ratte und ihre Beseitigung durch Chlorothiazid
1960
1. After tying of the jugular veins a congestion edema of differing intensity was produced by oral loading of rats with varying amounts of saline. 2. Chlorothiazid (10 or 50 mg./kg. i.v.) given 24 hours after tying of the jugular veins increased the diuresis and sodium excretion to approximately the same values in edematous and normal animals. 3. The effect of chlorothiazid on renal excretion is not influenced by the severity of the edema and is not quantitatively related to reduction of edema.