Search results for "Resistin"

Effects of exercise on inflammation markers in type 2 diabetic subjects

2011

Endothelial dysfunction and plasma markers of inflammation are significantly increased in type 2 diabetics. Several proinflammatory cytokines, acute-phase proteins, and cell adhesion molecules, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukines (IL), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), seem to play a role in the low-grade systemic inflammation observed in these subjects. Lifestyle changes are necessary to prevent atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. Physical exercise is known to reduce markers of inflammation by decreasing adipocytokine production and cytokine release from skeletal muscles, endothelial cells, and immune system and also improving antioxidant status. In type 2 diabeti…

The impact of insulin resistance, serum adipocytokines and visceral obesity on steatosis and fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C

2007

SUMMARY Aims  To assess whether host metabolic factors influence the degree of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in patients infected with hepatitis C virus, and to evaluate the impact of anti-viral therapy on insulin resistance and serum levels of adipocytokines. Methods  Clinical and biochemical features, anthropometrical characteristics, and levels of fasting insulin, leptin, adiponectin and resistin were measured in ‘naive’ patients with chronic hepatitis C, before, during and after therapy with Peg-Interferon-alpha 2a plus Ribavirin. Results  Forty-eight patients were included (M/F 28/20; mean age 50.0 ± 12.6 years; 62.5% genotype-1). Body mass index was 26.4 ± 4.0 kg/m2, and visceral obe…

Protein oxidation in metabolic syndrome

2013

Purpose: Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome and in the progression of its complications. Carbonylated proteins are a stable marker of severe oxidative stress because damage to the protein structure is irreversible and may cause an inhibition of their enzymatic activity or an increased susceptibility to proteolysis. There are few data regarding protein oxidation in metabolic syndrome, although elevated levels of carbonyl groups are often detected in subjects with obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension or dyslipidemia, well-known components of the metaboic syndrome. In particular, obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus are frequent…

Obesity, Adipokines and Metabolic Syndrome in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2012

The complex mechanisms linking fat excess to metabolic syndrome are not well understood, but several experimental studies have shown that altered production of adipokines plays a main role in development and progression of this disorder. In particular, reduced secretion of adiponectin has a crucial role in inducing insulin resistance but also in determining the clustering of elevated triglycerides and small, dense LDL particles. Increased leptin secretion may be responsible for sympathetic nervous system overactivity and hypertension, while reduced omentin may have an important permissive role in the development of atherogenic processes. Finally, cytokines and other adipokines (resistin, vi…

Resistin: An Inflammatory Cytokine. Role in Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome

2014

Resistin is an adipocyte- and monocyte-derived cytokine which has been implicated in the modulation of insulin action, energy, glucose and lipid homeostasis. Resistin has been associated with insulin resistance and many of its known complications. As a molecular link between metabolic signals, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction, resistin can be proposed as playing a significant role in the heightened inflammatory state induced by metabolic stress linked to excessive caloric intake, thus contributing to the risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In this review, we highlighted the role of resistin, as an inflammatory cytokine, in the…

Increased plasma resistin concentrations are associated with atherogenic small, dense low-density lipoproteins in patients with type-2 diabetes

2010

Tkanka tłuszczowa – budowa i funkcje, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem charakterystyki wybranych adipokin i ich wpływu na organizm

2019

Wprowadzenie i cel pracy. Światowa epidemia otyłości przyczyniła się do rozwoju badań mających na celu dokładne poznanie budowy i zrozumienie procesów zachodzących w tkance tłuszczowej, której nadmiar jest głównym wyznacznikiem tej choroby. Obecnie wiadomo, że tkanka tłuszczowa dzięki wytwarzanym adipokinom może być jedną z przyczyn zaburzeń związanych z otyłością. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie budowy i funkcji tkanki tłuszczowej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem jej aktywności hormonalnej. Skrócony opis stanu wiedzy. Adipokiny wytwarzane przez tkankę tłuszczową działają nie tylko lokalnie (autokrynnie i parakrynnie), ale także na narządy odległe (działanie endokrynne). Regulują one metaboli…