Search results for "Retention time"

showing 10 items of 71 documents

Outdoor flat-panel membrane photobioreactor to treat the effluent of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor. Influence of operating, design, and environmen…

2018

[EN] As microalgae have the ability to simultaneously remove nutrients from wastewater streams while producing valuable biomass, microalgae-based wastewater treatment is a win-win strategy. Although recent advances have been made in this field in lab conditions, the transition to outdoor conditions on an industrial scale must be further investigated. In this work an outdoor pilot-scale membrane photobioreactor plant was operated for tertiary sewage treatment. The effects of different parameters on microalgae performance were studied including: temperature, light irradiance (solar and artificial irradiance), hydraulic retention time (HRT), biomass retention time (BRT), air sparging system an…

INGENIERIA HIDRAULICAEnvironmental EngineeringHydraulic retention timeNitrogen0208 environmental biotechnologyPhotobioreactorBiomass02 engineering and technologyWastewater treatmentWastewater010501 environmental sciencesMembrane photobioreactor01 natural sciencesWater PurificationPhotobioreactorsMicroalgaeEffluentTECNOLOGIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and TechnologyPilot plantOutdoorPhosphorusEquipment DesignPulp and paper industry020801 environmental engineeringFlat-panelWastewaterVolatile suspended solidsEnvironmental scienceSewage treatmentAir sparging
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Improving membrane photobioreactor performance by reducing light path: operating conditions and key performance indicators

2020

[EN] Microalgae cultivation has been receiving increasing interest in wastewater remediation due to their ability to assimilate nutrients present in wastewater streams. In this respect, cultivating microalgae in membrane photobioreactors (MPBRs) allows decoupling the solid retention time (SRT) from the hydraulic retention time (HRT), which enables to increase the nutrient load to the photobioreactors (PBRs) while avoiding the wash out of the microalgae biomass. The reduction of the PBR light path from 25 to 10 cm increased the nitrogen and phosphorus recovery rates, microalgae biomass productivity and photosynthetic efficiency by 150, 103, 194 and 67%, respectively.The areal biomass product…

INGENIERIA HIDRAULICAEnvironmental EngineeringHydraulic retention timePerformance indicator0208 environmental biotechnologyBiomassPhotobioreactor02 engineering and technologyMicroorganismesWastewater010501 environmental sciencesMembrane photobioreactor01 natural sciencesPhotobioreactorschemistry.chemical_compoundNitrateMicroalgaeBiomassWaste Management and DisposalTECNOLOGIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and TechnologyCivil and Structural EngineeringbiologyOutdoor06.- Garantizar la disponibilidad y la gestión sostenible del agua y el saneamiento para todosEcological ModelingChemical oxygen demandPhosphorusPulp and paper industrybiology.organism_classificationPollution020801 environmental engineeringchemistryWastewaterNitrifying bacteriaVolatile suspended solidsEnvironmental scienceAigües residuals Depuració Tractament biològicLight path
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Micropollutants removal in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor and in an aerobic conventional treatment plant

2012

The paper expresses an attempt to tackle the problem due to the presence of micropollutants in wastewater which may be able to disrupt the endocrine system of some organisms. These kinds of compounds are ubiquitously present in municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents. The aim of this paper is to compare the fate of the alkylphenols-APs (4-(tert-octyl)) phenol, t-nonylphenol and 4-p-nonylphenol and the hormones (estrone, 17ß-estradiol and 17¿-ethinylestradiol) in a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAMBR) pilot plant and in a conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment plant (CTP). The obtained results are also compared with the results obtained in a previous stud…

INGENIERIA HIDRAULICAUnclassified drugEffluentsExtractionEstrogenic hormonesOxic conditionsMembrane bioreactorDegradationBioreactorsEndocrinologyChemical structureLimit of Detection(4 (tert octyl)) phenolWater PollutantsAnaerobiosisWater Science and TechnologyPilot plantsWaste water managementEstradiolChemistryMembranePhenol derivativeWater samplingPulp and paper industryWaste treatmentEndocrine disruptorWastewaterPollutant removalMembrane bioreactorSewage treatmentActivated sludge plantsAnaerobic exerciseAnaerobic membrane bioreactorActivated sludge plantChromatography GasEnvironmental EngineeringWaste water treatment plantHydraulic retention timeEstroneBioreactorMass fragmentographyPollutantSewage pumping plantsArticlePhenolsEthinylestradiolBioreactorWater treatment plantsEffluentSolid Phase MicroextractionTECNOLOGIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE3 nonylphenolChromatography4 nonylphenolAlkylphenol polyoxyethyl etherMembranes ArtificialAlkylphenolsHormoneHormonesActivated sludgeActivated sludgeAnoxic conditionsWater Science and Technology
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Start-up of a submerged membrane bioreactor with complete sludge retention

2005

MBRComplete Sludge Retention TimeStart -upSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleCOD removal
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Simultaneous sludge minimization, biological phosphorous removal and membrane fouling mitigation in a novel plant layout for MBR.

2020

Abstract The integration of one anaerobic reactor in the mainstream (AMSR) of a pre-denitritication-MBR was evaluated with the aim to achieve simultaneous sludge minimization and phosphorous removal. The excess sludge production was reduced by 64% when the AMSR was operated under 8 h of hydraulic retention time (HRT). The highest nutrients removal performances referred to organic carbon (98%), nitrogen (90%) and phosphorous (97%) were obtained under 8 h of HRT. In contrast, prolonged anaerobic-endogenous conditions were found to be detrimental for all nutrients removal performances. Similarly, the lowest membrane fouling tendency (FR = 0.65∙1011 m−1 d−1) was achieved under 8 h of HRT, where…

Membrane foulingEndogenous P-releaseEnvironmental EngineeringHydraulic retention timeNitrogen0208 environmental biotechnologychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesManagement Monitoring Policy and LawMembrane bioreactor01 natural sciencesWaste Disposal FluidNutrientBioreactorsAnaerobic reactorSludge minimization.Waste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleSewageChemistryMembrane foulingMembranes ArtificialPhosphorusGeneral MedicinePulp and paper industryBiological nutrients removalNitrogen020801 environmental engineeringMembrane BioReactorPolyphosphate-accumulating organismsJournal of environmental management
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Optimization of the performance of an air-cathode MFC by changing solid retention time

2017

Microbial fuel cellWaste managementRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentAir cathodeGeneral Chemical EngineeringOrganic Chemistry02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesPollutionInorganic ChemistryFuel TechnologyEnvironmental science0210 nano-technologyWaste Management and DisposalRetention time0105 earth and related environmental sciencesBiotechnologyJournal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology
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The influence of solid retention time on IFAS-MBR systems: analysis of system behavior.

2018

A University of Cape Town Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge Membrane Bioreactor (UCT-IFAS-MBR) pilot plant was operated at different values of the sludge retention time (SRT). Three SRTs were investigated at different durations: indefinitely, 30 and 15 days. The organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal, kinetic/stoichiometric parameters, membrane fouling tendency and sludge filtration properties were assessed. The findings showed that by decreasing the SRT, the pilot plant could maintain excellent carbon removal efficiencies throughout the experiments. In contrast, the biological carbon removal showed a slight nitrification and was slightly affected by the decrease of the SRT, s…

Nitrogen0208 environmental biotechnologychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesMembrane bioreactor01 natural sciencesWaste Disposal Fluidbiofilmlaw.inventionnutrients removalBioreactorslawEnvironmental ChemistryWaste Management and DisposalFiltration0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and TechnologySettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleSewagemembrane foulingChemistryPhosphorusMembrane foulingMembranes ArtificialGeneral Medicinesludge retention timePulp and paper industryNitrification020801 environmental engineeringUniversity of Cape Town pilot plantPilot plantActivated sludgeBiofilmsNitrificationhuman activitiesCarbonEnvironmental technology
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A mathematical approach to predict the solids concentration in anaerobic membrane bioreactos (AnMBR): Evaluation of the volatile solids solubilization

2020

[EN] Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors (AnMBR) are gaining attention as a suitable approach for sustainable low-strength wastewater treatment, as they bring together the advantages of both anaerobic treatments and membrane bioreactors. However, increasing the sludge retention time (SRT) necessary to favor hydrolysis increases the suspended solids concentration potentially leading to decreased permeate flux. Therefore, the availability of a mathematical approach to predict the solids concentration within an AnMBR can be very useful. In this work, a mathematical model describing the volatile solids concentration within the reactor as a function of the operating parameters and the influent charac…

Particulates hydrolysisEnvironmental EngineeringHydraulic retention timeDiffusion0208 environmental biotechnology02 engineering and technologyWastewater010501 environmental sciencesManagement Monitoring Policy and LawWaste Disposal Fluid01 natural sciencesHydrolysisBioreactorsSolubilization constantBioreactorAttentionAnaerobiosisWaste Management and DisposalTECNOLOGIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSuspended solidsSewageMathematical modellingChemistryGeneral MedicineSolids prediction020801 environmental engineeringMembraneAnMBRChemical engineeringParticleSewage treatment
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Half-width plots, a simple tool to predict peak shape, reveal column kinetics and characterise chromatographic columns in liquid chromatography: Stat…

2013

Peak profiles in chromatography are characterised by their height, position, width and asymmetry; the two latter depend on the values of the left and right peak half-widths. Simple correlations have been found between the peak half-widths and the retention times. The representation of such correlations has been called half-width plots. For isocratic elution, the plots are parabolic, although often, the parabolas can be approximated to straight-lines. The plots can be obtained with the half-widths/retention time data for a set of solutes experiencing the same kinetics, eluted with a mobile phase at fixed or varying composition. When the analysed solutes experience different resistance to mas…

Peak profiles in chromatography are characterised by their height position width and asymmetry; the two latter depend on the values of the left and right peak half-widths. Simple correlations have been found between the peak half-widths and the retention times. The representation of such correlations has been called half-width plots. For isocratic elution the plots are parabolic although often the parabolas can be approximated to straight-lines. The plots can be obtained with the half-widths/retention time data for a set of solutes experiencing the same kinetics eluted with a mobile phase at fixed or varying composition. When the analysed solutes experience different resistance to mass transfer the plots will be solute dependent and should be obtained with the data for each solute eluted with mobile phases at varying composition. The half-width plots approach is a simple tool that facilitates the prediction of peak shape (width and asymmetry) with optimisation purposes reveal the interaction kinetics of solutes in different columns and characterise chromatographic columns. This work shows half-width plots for different situations in isocratic elution including the use of different flows the effect of temperature the modification of the stationary phase surface by an additive the existence of specific interactions within the column and the comparison of columns. The adaptation to gradient elution is also described. Previous knowledge on half-width plots is structured and analysed to which new results are added.Work (thermodynamics)Column characterisationmedia_common.quotation_subjectKineticsLiquid chromatographyAnalytical chemistryHalf-widthsInteraction kineticsBiochemistryAsymmetryAnalytical ChemistryPeak shapeColumn (typography)Position (vector)Mass transferPhase (matter)media_commonChromatographyElutionChemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineModels TheoreticalKineticsPredictionChromatography LiquidJournal of Chromatography A
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Solids and Hydraulic Retention Time Effect on N2O Emission from Moving-Bed Membrane Bioreactors

2018

Biological nutrient removal was operated at different solids (SRT) and hydraulic retention times (HRT) in order to assess their influence on nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from a hybrid moving-bed membrane bioreactor. The observed results show that the N2O production decreased when the SRT/HRT was decreased. The maximum N2O gaseous concentration was measured in the aerobic reactor at the end of phase I, and it decreased through phases II and III. From mass balances over the reactors of the system, the aerated (aerobic and membrane) reactors were the largest producers of N2O, showing that the greater part of N2O was produced during the nitrification process.

Petroleum engineeringHydraulic retention timeBiological nutrient removalSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleChemistryGeneral Chemical Engineering0208 environmental biotechnologyN2OChemistry (all)02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering020801 environmental engineeringMembraneSolids retention timeBioreactorIntegrated fixed-film activated-sludge membrane bioreactorChemical Engineering (all)Moving bedHydraulic retention time0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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