Search results for "Retina"
showing 10 items of 864 documents
Serum autoantibodies to alpha-fodrin are present in glaucoma patients from Germany and the United States.
2006
PURPOSE Glaucoma is characterized by a progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells that results in a characteristic optic neuropathy associated with visual field loss. In previous studies, changes in the antibody profiles have been shown in the sera of patients with glaucoma, and these findings suggest a role for autoimmune involvement in the pathogenesis of glaucoma in some patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the antibody profiles against optic nerve antigens in patients with glaucoma in two different study populations from Germany and the United States. METHODS One hundred twenty patients were included in the study, 60 from Germany and 60 from the United States: a control gr…
Photoreceptor cells display a daily rhythm in the orphan receptor Esrrβ
2015
Purpose Nuclear orphan receptors are critical for the development and long-term survival of photoreceptor cells. In the present study, the expression of the nuclear orphan receptor Esrrβ—a transcriptional regulator of energy metabolism that protects rod photoreceptors from dystrophy—was tested under daily regulation in the retina and photoreceptor cells. Methods The daily transcript and protein amount profiles were recorded in preparations of the whole retina and microdissected photoreceptor cells using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blot analysis. Results Esrrβ displayed a daily rhythm with elevated values at night in the whole retina and enriched photoreceptor cells. Daily regulation…
In vivo consequences of cholesterol-24S-hydroxylase (CYP46A1) inhibition by voriconazole on cholesterol homeostasis and function in the rat retina
2014
International audience; Cholesterol 24S-hydroxylase (CYP46A1) converts cholesterol into 24S-hydroxycholesterol in neurons and participates in cholesterol homeostasis in the central nervous system, including the retina. We aimed to evaluate the consequences of CYP46A1 inhibition by voriconazole on cholesterol homeostasis and function in the retina. Rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of voriconazole (60 mg/kg), minocycline (22 mg/kg), voriconazole plus minocycline, or vehicle during five consecutive days. The rats were submitted to electroretinography to monitor retinal functionality. Cholesterol and 24S-hydroxycholesterol were measured in plasma, brain and retina by gas chromatog…
Clinical spectrum of eye malformations in four patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome
2015
Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare genetic syndrome characterized by a specific facial gestalt, intellectual deficiency, Hirschsprung disease and multiple congenital anomalies. Heterozygous mutations or deletions in the zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox2 gene (ZEB2) cause MWS. ZEB2 encodes for Smad-interacting protein 1, a transcriptional co-repressor involved in TGF-beta and BMP pathways and is strongly expressed in early stages of development in mice. Eye abnormalities have rarely been described in patients with this syndrome. Herein, we describe four patients (two males and two females; mean age 7 years) with MWS and eye malformations. Ocular anomalies included, iris/retinal coloboma…
Electroretinographic response in WAG/Rij rats after low-intensity cyclic light exposure.
1993
In order to investigate the combined influence of age and light, the b-wave and oscillatory potentials (OPs) of the electroretinogram (ERG) were recorded in 1.5-, 7- and 12-month-old WAG/Rij rats, reared under homogenous low-intensity cyclic light exposure. Wistar albino rats of the same ages, reared under the same conditions, served as controls. The b-wave amplitude decreased, and its implicit time increased in the older age groups significantly more in WAG/Rij than in Wistar rats. Statistical analysis indicated that the b-wave amplitude is a more suitable parameter than implicit time in differentiating the ERG variations of one rat strain from the other. The added amplitude of the OPs als…
Chronic alcohol feeding induces biochemical, histological, and functional alterations in rat retina.
2008
Aims: Ethanol consumption originates a wide spectrum of disorders, including alteration of visual function. Oxidative stress is included among the mechanisms by which alcohol predisposes nervous tissue to injury. Retina, which is the neurosensorial eye tissue, is particularly sensitive to oxidative stress. Methods: In this study we analyze the effect of long-term alcohol consumption on oxidative stress parameters of the rat retina, and its correlation to retinal function, as well as to the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. We also study the protective effect of ebselen, a synthetic selenoorganic antioxidant. Results: Herein we show that ethanol has a toxic effect on rat retina …
Early lipoic acid intake protects retina of diabetic mice
2008
The aim of this study was to test the effect of lipoic acid treatment on the retina after a short diabetic insult. Diabetes was induced by alloxan and mice were divided into sub-groups; control, diabetic, diabetic+insulin and all groups received+/-lipoic acid (100 mg/kg body weight) for 3 weeks. GSH content, MDA concentration, GPx activity were measured and electroretinograms (ERG) were recorded. Early administration of lipoic acid to diabetic mice prevented the statistically significant decreases of GSH content and GPx activity and normalized MDA concentration. Moreover, lipoic acid restored electroretinogram b-wave amplitude of diabetic animals to control values. Lipoic acid has a protect…
Retinol, at concentrations greater than the physiological limit, induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in human dermal fibroblasts
2004
We have investigated the dose (in the range of microM) and time-dependent effects of four different retinoids (retinol, retinal, retinoic acid and retinol palmitate) on human dermal fibroblasts cultivated in vitro. Retinol and retinal, at a concentration of 20 microM, caused cell damage as evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase activity released into the culture medium. The oxidised glutathione (GSSG)/reduced glutathione (GSH) ratio and malondialdehyde production indicated that 20 microM of retinol provoked oxidative stress in the cultivated human fibroblasts. In the first 8 h after retinol treatment the levels of p53 and Bax proteins as well as caspase 3 activity increased, suggesting apoptoti…
Optic Nerve Decompression Improves Hemodynamic Parameters in Papilledema
1993
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine changes in color Doppler imaging parameters before and after optic nerve sheath decompression (ONSD) for chronic papilledema caused by pseudotumor cerebri (PTC). Methods: Color Doppler imaging was performed within 48 hours before surgery and within 48 hours after the procedure using a color Doppler unit with a 7.5-MHz phased linear transducer. Pulsed Doppler spectrum analyses were recorded digitally on videotape from the ophthalmic, central retinal, and short posterior ciliary arteries, using a 0.4 × 0.6-mm sample volume. Results: Blood flow velocities in the ophthalmic, short posterior ciliary, and central retinal arteries of 24 eyes were si…
Color Doppler Imaging of Arterial Blood Flow in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
1994
Purpose: The hemodynamics of the retrobulbar arterial circulation of patients with central retinal vein occlusion were evaluated in order to better understand the pathophysiology of this disease. Methods: Color Doppler imaging was used to measure the peak systolic velocity and vascular resistance (pulsatility index) in the retrobulbar arteries of involved eyes and clinically healthy fellow eyes of patients with central retinal vein occlusion and in the control eyes of age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Results: Average peak systolic velocity was significantly lower and average vascular resistance was significantly higher in the central retinal artery of involved eyes of patients with …