Search results for "Retinal"

showing 10 items of 631 documents

Clinical spectrum of eye malformations in four patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome

2015

Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare genetic syndrome characterized by a specific facial gestalt, intellectual deficiency, Hirschsprung disease and multiple congenital anomalies. Heterozygous mutations or deletions in the zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox2 gene (ZEB2) cause MWS. ZEB2 encodes for Smad-interacting protein 1, a transcriptional co-repressor involved in TGF-beta and BMP pathways and is strongly expressed in early stages of development in mice. Eye abnormalities have rarely been described in patients with this syndrome. Herein, we describe four patients (two males and two females; mean age 7 years) with MWS and eye malformations. Ocular anomalies included, iris/retinal coloboma…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentgenetic structuresMowat–Wilson syndromeRetinal Pigment EpitheliumBiologyEyeCataractchemistry.chemical_compoundAtrophyIntellectual DisabilityOphthalmologyGeneticsmedicineHumansHirschsprung Disease[SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory OrgansIris (anatomy)HyphemaGenetics (clinical)Zinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 2Homeodomain ProteinsRetinaFaciesOptic NerveRetinalAnatomymedicine.diseaseeye diseasesColobomaRepressor Proteinsmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryChild PreschoolLens (anatomy)MutationMicrocephalyOptic nerveFemalesense organsAtrophy[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyAmerican Journal of Medical Genetics Part A
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Electroretinographic response in WAG/Rij rats after low-intensity cyclic light exposure.

1993

In order to investigate the combined influence of age and light, the b-wave and oscillatory potentials (OPs) of the electroretinogram (ERG) were recorded in 1.5-, 7- and 12-month-old WAG/Rij rats, reared under homogenous low-intensity cyclic light exposure. Wistar albino rats of the same ages, reared under the same conditions, served as controls. The b-wave amplitude decreased, and its implicit time increased in the older age groups significantly more in WAG/Rij than in Wistar rats. Statistical analysis indicated that the b-wave amplitude is a more suitable parameter than implicit time in differentiating the ERG variations of one rat strain from the other. The added amplitude of the OPs als…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAgingPeriodicitygenetic structuresOscillatory potentialsLightDark AdaptationRetinaCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceOpticsAge groupsInternal medicinemedicineElectroretinographyAnimalsStatistical analysisRats WistarLight exposuremedicine.diagnostic_testChemistrybusiness.industryRetinal DegenerationRat strainRats Inbred StrainsGeneral MedicineSensory SystemsIntensity (physics)RatsOphthalmologyEndocrinologyFemalebusinessErgElectroretinographyOphthalmic research
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Retinol, at concentrations greater than the physiological limit, induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in human dermal fibroblasts

2004

We have investigated the dose (in the range of microM) and time-dependent effects of four different retinoids (retinol, retinal, retinoic acid and retinol palmitate) on human dermal fibroblasts cultivated in vitro. Retinol and retinal, at a concentration of 20 microM, caused cell damage as evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase activity released into the culture medium. The oxidised glutathione (GSSG)/reduced glutathione (GSH) ratio and malondialdehyde production indicated that 20 microM of retinol provoked oxidative stress in the cultivated human fibroblasts. In the first 8 h after retinol treatment the levels of p53 and Bax proteins as well as caspase 3 activity increased, suggesting apoptoti…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentRetinoic acidApoptosisTretinoinDermatologyBiologymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryAntioxidantsRetinoidschemistry.chemical_compoundSkin Physiological PhenomenaInternal medicinemedicineHumansVitamin AMolecular BiologyCells CulturedSkinCell DeathDose-Response Relationship DrugGlutathione DisulfideL-Lactate DehydrogenaseVitamin EInfant NewbornRetinolRetinalGlutathioneFibroblastsMalondialdehydeGlutathioneOxidative StressEndocrinologychemistryOxidative stressExperimental Dermatology
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Optic Nerve Decompression Improves Hemodynamic Parameters in Papilledema

1993

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine changes in color Doppler imaging parameters before and after optic nerve sheath decompression (ONSD) for chronic papilledema caused by pseudotumor cerebri (PTC). Methods: Color Doppler imaging was performed within 48 hours before surgery and within 48 hours after the procedure using a color Doppler unit with a 7.5-MHz phased linear transducer. Pulsed Doppler spectrum analyses were recorded digitally on videotape from the ophthalmic, central retinal, and short posterior ciliary arteries, using a 0.4 × 0.6-mm sample volume. Results: Blood flow velocities in the ophthalmic, short posterior ciliary, and central retinal arteries of 24 eyes were si…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyCentral retinal arteryVisual acuitygenetic structuresRetinal ArteryPseudotumor cerebriVisual AcuityOphthalmic Arterychemistry.chemical_compoundmedicine.arteryOphthalmologymedicineHumansLongitudinal StudiesPapilledemaUltrasonographyPseudotumor Cerebribusiness.industryCiliary BodyHemodynamicsOptic NerveRetinalArteriesShort posterior ciliary arteriesmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesSurgeryOphthalmologychemistryOphthalmic arteryChronic DiseaseOptic nerveFemalemedicine.symptombusinessBlood Flow VelocityFollow-Up StudiesPapilledemaOphthalmology
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Color Doppler Imaging of Arterial Blood Flow in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion

1994

Purpose: The hemodynamics of the retrobulbar arterial circulation of patients with central retinal vein occlusion were evaluated in order to better understand the pathophysiology of this disease. Methods: Color Doppler imaging was used to measure the peak systolic velocity and vascular resistance (pulsatility index) in the retrobulbar arteries of involved eyes and clinically healthy fellow eyes of patients with central retinal vein occlusion and in the control eyes of age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Results: Average peak systolic velocity was significantly lower and average vascular resistance was significantly higher in the central retinal artery of involved eyes of patients with …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyCentral retinal arterygenetic structuresRetinal ArteryHemodynamicsOphthalmic Arterychemistry.chemical_compoundCentral retinal vein occlusionOphthalmologymedicine.arteryRetinal Vein OcclusionmedicineHumansRetrospective StudiesUltrasonographyVascular diseasebusiness.industryCiliary BodyRetinalShort posterior ciliary arteriesAnatomyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryRegional Blood FlowVascular resistanceFemaleVascular Resistancesense organsbusinessBlood Flow VelocityArteryOphthalmology
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Demonstration of retinal afferents in the RCS rat, with reference to the retinohypothalamic projection and suprachiasmatic nucleus.

1995

In the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat, characterized by inherited retinal dystrophy, retinal projections to the brain were studied using anterograde neuronal transport of cholera toxin B subunit upon injection into one eye. The respective immunoreactivity was found predominantly contralateral to the injection site in the lateral geniculate nucleus, superior colliculus, nucleus of the optic tract, medial terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract, and bilateral hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei. Although terminal density was somewhat reduced in dystrophic rats, the projection patterns in these animals appeared similar to those seen in their congenic controls and were comparable to …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyCholera ToxinHistologyOptic tractHypothalamusBiologyLateral geniculate nucleusRetinaPathology and Forensic MedicineInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsNeuropeptide YNeuronal transportRetinaAfferent PathwaysSuprachiasmatic nucleusSuperior colliculusRetinal DegenerationGeniculate BodiesRats Inbred StrainsCell BiologyRatsEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureHypothalamusFemaleSuprachiasmatic NucleusRetinohypothalamic tractVasoactive Intestinal PeptideCell and tissue research
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Branch retinal vein occlusion associated with the 20210 G-to-A prothrombin variant.

2000

Purpose To describe a case of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in a patient who tested positive for the 20210 A allele of the prothrombin (PT) gene. Methods A 48-year-old man had visual loss in the right eye secondary to BRVO confirmed by ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography. His medical history was not remarkable for common risk factors for retinal occlusive diseases. Results Laboratory tests for hypercoagulability were positive for PT 20210 A variant. The patient's family tested negative for the PT variant. Conclusions Laboratory tests for coagulopathy, including the PT 20210 A variant, should be added to the examination of patients with central or BRVO, especially if most commo…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyEye diseaseVisual AcuityBlindnessOphthalmoscopy03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineOphthalmologyRetinal Vein OcclusionCoagulopathyMedicineHumansPoint MutationFluorescein AngiographyClotting factormedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGenetic VariationRetinalGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseFluorescein angiographyThrombosisSurgeryOphthalmologychemistry030221 ophthalmology & optometryBranch retinal vein occlusionProthrombinbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEuropean journal of ophthalmology
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Retinal light sensitivity of the central visual field among 70- to 81-year-old men and women.

2009

Retinal light sensitivity of the central visual field (0-30 degrees), visual acuity, intraocular pressure and pupillary size were screened in 42 men and 42 women aged 70 to 81 years. The subjects were randomly selected from the population register. After excluding the diagnosed glaucoma cases, the men had better visual field light sensitivity values than the women. They also had lower intraocular pressure and a wider pupillary diameter than the women, whereas there were no differences in visual acuity between the sexes. When the effect of pupillary size was controlled the differences in visual field light sensitivity values between men and women became non-significant. Among these elderly p…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyIntraocular pressureVisual acuitygenetic structuresLightVisual AcuityGlaucomaRetinachemistry.chemical_compoundRandom AllocationOphthalmologymedicineHumansCentral visual fieldIntraocular PressureAgedAged 80 and overLight sensitivitybusiness.industryRetinalPupilGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseeye diseasesVisual fieldOphthalmologychemistrySensory ThresholdsOptometryFemalemedicine.symptomVisual FieldsbusinessPopulation RegisterActa ophthalmologica
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Cornea in acromegalic patients as a possible target of growth hormone action.

2010

Background: GH exerts its effects on many organs and the eye also seems to be a target site, although few authors have investigated the corneal thickness in patients with acromegaly. Aim: To perform a detailed ophthalmological evaluation in acromegalic patients, in relation to disease activity. Material and methods: Twenty-eight acromegalic patients (11 males, 17 females) and 22 voluntary healthy subjects underwent complete metabolic and ophthalmological evaluation, including retinal thickness (RT), central corneal thickness (CCT), and intraocular pressure values (IOP). Results: Significantly greater CCT values were found in all acromegalic patients in comparison with controls (567 vs 528.5…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyIntraocular pressureacromegaly corneagenetic structuresEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismOcular hypertensionGrowth hormoneSettore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaCorneaBasal (phylogenetics)chemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyCorneaInternal medicineOphthalmologyAcromegalymedicineAnimalsHumansIntraocular PressureMetabolic SyndromeSettore MED/30 - Malattie Apparato Visivobusiness.industryHuman Growth HormoneRetinalMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologychemistryConcomitantAcromegalyFemaleOcular Hypertensionsense organsbusiness
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Optociliary veins and central retinal vein occlusion.

1993

In a follow up of 94 patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) whose onset had taken place less than 1 year earlier, optociliary veins (OCVs) were found in 7.4% at first examination. Among the 79 eyes in which the fundus of the eye was very visible after a follow up of more than 1 year OCVs were found in 30.4%, showing a late development of OCVs in many cases of CRVO. No difference was found in the occurrence of OCVs between non-ischaemic and ischaemic forms of CRVO. The visual acuity of the eyes with CRVO that developed OCVs was not significantly different from the visual acuity of the eyes without OCVs. Thus, the presence of OCVs in CRVO does not seem to be associated with bette…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyLate developmentVisual acuityTime Factorsgenetic structuresAdolescentEye diseaseOptic DiskOptic diskVisual AcuityCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceCentral retinal vein occlusionIschemiaOphthalmologyRetinal Vein OcclusionmedicineHumansFluorescein AngiographyAgedmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryVascular diseaseMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseFluorescein angiographyPrognosisSensory Systemseye diseasesSurgeryOphthalmologyFemalemedicine.symptombusinessRetinopathyResearch Article
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