Search results for "Rhinitis."
showing 10 items of 194 documents
Vitamin D, allergies and asthma: focus on pediatric patients
2014
In recent years, the interest of the scientific world towards vitamin D gradually increased, and several studies have been conducted to dissect its possible role in modulating the development/course of allergic diseases. Also, Vitamin D supplementation has been assessed as a beneficial approach for treating allergies in some, but not all studies. We reviewed herein the available and relevant literature concerning the possible links between Vitamin D, its supplementation and allergic diseases. A literature search was made independently by the Authors, identifying articles for a narrative review. As per literature, Vitamin D plays a key role in calcium and phosphate metabolism, and it is esse…
Catching allergy by a simple questionnaire
2014
Background Identifying allergic rhinitis requires allergy testing, but the first-line referral for rhinitis are usually primary care physicians (PCP), who are not familiar with such tests. The availability of easy and simple tests to be used by PCP to suggest allergy should be very useful. Methods The Respiratory Allergy Prediction (RAP) test, based on 9 questions and previously validated by a panel of experts, was evaluated in this study. Results An overall number of 401 patients (48.6% males, age range 14–62 years) with respiratory symptoms was included. Of them, 89 (22.2%) showed negative results to SPT, while 312 (77.8%) had at least one positive result to SPT. Cohen’s kappa coefficient…
Mucin 1 downregulation associates with corticosteroid resistance in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
2013
Background A number of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) are resistant to oral corticosteroids. Mucin 1 (MUC1) shows anti-inflammatory properties, and its cytoplasmic tail (CT) interacts with transcription factors, facilitating their nuclear translocation. Because glucocorticoid receptor (GR) nuclear translocation is key to the anti-inflammatory effect of corticosteroids, we hypothesized that MUC1 is involved in the effectiveness of corticosteroids. Objective To analyze the role of MUC1 in corticosteroid effectiveness in different cohorts of patients with CRSwNP and elucidate the possible mechanisms involved. Methods Seventy-three patients with CRSwNP took oral…
Efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy with grass allergens for seasonal allergic rhinitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2010
Background The benefit of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with grass allergens for seasonal allergic rhinitis has been extensively studied, but data on efficacy are still equivocal. Objective To assess the effectiveness of SLIT with grass allergens in the reduction of symptoms and medication in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis to grass pollen. Methods Computerized bibliographic searches of MEDLINE (1995-2010) were supplemented by hand searches of reference lists. Studies were included if they were double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SLIT to placebo and if they included patients with history of allergy to grass pollen treated with natural grass pollen extracts.…
Current Concepts in Therapy of Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyposis
2004
The exact pathophysiological mechanisms leading to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) still to a large extent remain obscure. However, recently there has been some progress in elucidating the etiology of nasal polyposis, especially regarding tissue eosinophilia as well as the role of aspirin intolerance and eicosanoid mediators. Endonasal sinus surgery has evolved to be the treatment of choice in CRS and nasal polyposis in all cases where conservative treatment has failed or resulted in only a partial or temporary relief. Today, state of the art in surgical technique includes the ability to combine microscopic and endoscopic procedures. Regardless of technical advances like powered instrumentatio…
Recovery of olfaction after sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis: A review
2019
Objective Investigation of the postoperative olfactory function after sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with and without polyps in a review. Data sources PubMed. Review methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted through June 2018 using relevant keywords. The titles/abstracts were reviewed to identify studies evaluating the sense of smell in CRS-patients pre- and postoperatively by either using the whole or parts of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test or the Sniffin' Sticks test. Study characteristics and outcome data of the included studies were extracted. Results In total, 106 studies were retrieved. Twenty-four studies comprising 1,956 patien…
Role of fungus in eosinophilic sinusitis.
2005
Chronic rhinosinusitis is characterized by a broad diagnostic and etiologic spectrum. It has been postulated that fungal organisms might represent the immunologic target initiating and maintaining the disease process in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis as a common denominator. This review analyzes the available data to describe the current understanding of the role of fungus in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis.Recent findings have demonstrated that using highly sensitive methods, the detection rate of fungi in nasal mucin can be increased to approximately 100% in patients and in healthy controls. If this ubiquitous fungal contamination were to be related to a causative mech…
Efficacy of Grass Pollen Allergen Sublingual Immunotherapy Tablets for Seasonal Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
2015
IMPORTANCE: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (SARC) have shown a modest clinical benefit compared with placebo. Furthermore, indirect comparison by meta-analyses showed that subcutaneous immunotherapy is more effective than SLIT. Despite these data, SLIT has become the most prescribed treatment of SARC in Europe in recent years, and it was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of SARC to grass pollen in the United States on April 1, 2014. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of the grass pollen sublingual tablets licensed as drugs in the treatm…
Efficacy of subcutaneous and sublingual immunotherapy with grass allergens for seasonal allergic rhinitis: a meta-analysis–based comparison
2012
Background: Subcutaneous (SCIT) and sublingual (SLIT) immunotherapy are the 2 most prescribed routes for administering allergen-specific immunotherapy. They were shown to be effective in control of symptoms and in reducing rescue medication use in patients with allergic diseases, but their effectiveness has to be balanced against side effects. In recent years, SLIT has been increasingly prescribed, instead of SCIT, because of improved safety and easy administration. Objective: We assessed which route is the most effective in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis to grass pollen. Methods: An indirect meta-analysis–based comparison between SCIT and SLIT was performed. Trea…
Molekulārās sensibilizācijas profila pret suņiem saistība ar astmas un alerģiska rinīta kontroles rādītājiem
2022
Izpētes objekts Šis pētījums tika veikts, lai novērtētu suņa alergēnu molekulu sensitizāciju saistību ar astmu un alerģisko rinītu. Pētījuma metodoloģija Tika analizēti dati pacientiem, kuriem veikta ALEX vai ALEX2 paneļa testēšana un iegūts sensitizāciju profils katrai suņa alergēna molekulai (Can f 1, Can f 2, Can f 3, Can f 4, Can f 5 un Can f 6). Iegūtie dati tika analizēti kopā ar pacienta datiem par astmu un alerģisko rinītu. Rezultāti Molekulārā sensitizācija pret Can f 1, Can f 2 un Can f 6 uzrādīja statistiski nozīmīgu ietekmi uz astmas risku, taču, kad tika izslēgta sensitizācija pret citu dzīvnieku epitēliju, tikai Can f 1 un Can f 2 uzrādīja statistiski nozīmīgu ietekmi. Arī poz…