Search results for "Rini"

showing 10 items of 746 documents

Phytochemical, ecological and antioxidant evaluation of wild Sicilian thyme: Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav.

2016

In a broad survey conducted throughout the Sicily region, 45 different sites were identified where thyme grows wild. All the biotypes collected were classified as Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. (syn. Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffmanns. & Link). Cluster analysis based on the main morphological characteristics of the plant led to the division of the biotypes into 3 major groups. All samples were analyzed for their secondary phytochemical metabolites identified in the extracts and the essential oils. LC-UV-DAD/ESI-MS and GC-FID/GC-MS have been applied to characterize the extracts and the essential oils, respectively. In the extracts, 15 flavonoid derivatives with taxifolin-di-O-glucoside and thymusin…

Antioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentPhytochemicalsBioengineering01 natural sciencesBiochemistryAntioxidantslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundfoodlawBotanyAntioxidant activity Bioagronomic characterization Essential oil; Lamiaceae Polyphenols Thyme (Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav.)Oils VolatilemedicineCarvacrolFood scienceMolecular BiologyEssential oilLamiaceaeMolecular Structurebiology010405 organic chemistryRosmarinic acidGeneral ChemistryGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationfood.foodSettore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni Erbacee0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryPhytochemicalchemistryPolyphenolThyme (Thymbra capitata (L.) CAV.) Lamiaceae Bioagronomic characterization Essential oil Polyphenols Antioxidant activities.MonoterpenesCymenesMolecular MedicineThymus capitatusLamiaceaeThyme (Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav.); Lamiaceae; Bioagronomic characterization; Essential oil; Polyphenols; Antioxidant activity.
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I Capitoli della Congregazione di Sant’Eligio di Palermo (1844) e un inedito disegno di Valerio Astorini

2011

L'autore, da un'importante scoperta presso l'Archivio Storico Diocesano di Palermo, di cui è vicedirettore, pubblica i Capitoli della Congregazione di Sant'Eligio di Palermo, documento del 1844, e un disegno inedito del 1767 di Valerio Astorini, contenuto all'interno del fascicolo con i Capitoli. Il documento è particolarmente importante perché testimonia il perdurare del corporativismo tra gli artigiani anche dopo l'abolizione definitiva delle maestranze e fornisce un elenco significativo degli orafi e argentieri palermitani attivi in quegli anni. The author, after an important discovery at Palermo’s Diocesan Historic Archive, whose he’s vice-director, publishes the Chapters of Palermo’s S…

Argenteria disegno Valerio Astorini PalermoSilverware drawing Valerio Astorini PalermoSettore L-ART/02 - Storia Dell'Arte Moderna
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Role for NK1 and NK2 receptors in the motor activity in mouse colon

2007

The present study examined the effects induced by endogenous and exogenous activation of NK(1) and NK(2) receptors on the mechanical activity of mouse proximal colon. Experiments were performed in vitro recording the changes in intraluminal pressure from isolated colonic segments. Electrical field stimulation in the presence of atropine and guanethidine produced a small relaxation, followed by nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) contraction. SR140333, NK(1) receptor antagonist, or SR48968, NK(2) receptor antagonist, significantly reduced the contraction, although SR48968 appeared more efficacious. The co-administration of SR140333 and SR48968 virtually abolished the NANC contraction. [Sar(9…

AtropineAgonistmedicine.medical_specialtyContraction (grammar)Colonmedicine.drug_classNeurokinin AMuscarinic AntagonistsTetrodotoxinSubstance PSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaNK1 receptorNitric oxideMicechemistry.chemical_compoundNeurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonistsnitric oxideInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsNK2 receptorReceptorGuanethidinePharmacologyAntagonistReceptors Neurokinin-2Receptors Neurokinin-1Electric StimulationPeptide FragmentsMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologychemistryTetrodotoxinNANC contractionCholinergicTachykininMuscle ContractionSodium Channel Blockersmedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Pharmacology
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Involvement of purinergic nerves in the NANC inhibitory junction potentials in pigeon oesophageal smooth muscle.

2004

1. Electrical field stimulation (EFS) (0.5 ms in train of 2-32 Hz for 300 ms) in smooth muscle of pigeon oesophagus, in the presence of atropine (1 microm) and guanethidine (1 microm), elicited an inhibitory response consisting of a transient hyperpolarization (inhibitory junction potential, IJP) associated with muscle relaxation. 2. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 100 microm) induced hyperpolarization correlated to mechanical relaxation. 3. The nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine (from 0.1 to 100 microm) caused a concentration-dependent reduction of electromechanical response to EFS indicating a role for NO in this response. 4. Apamin (1 microm) reduced both IJP and r…

AtropineGuanethidineAdenosinePatch-Clamp TechniquesNeuromuscular JunctionMuscarinic AntagonistsPharmacologyIn Vitro TechniquesInhibitory postsynaptic potentialApaminAutonomic Nervous Systemchemistry.chemical_compoundAdrenergic AgentsEsophaguspigeon oesophageal smooth muscle NANC pathways electrical field stimulation IJPAdenine nucleotidemedicineAnimalsColumbidaePharmacologyAdenine NucleotidesPurinergic receptorMuscle SmoothHyperpolarization (biology)AdenosineElectric StimulationElectrophysiologyMuscle relaxationchemistryBiochemistryApaminPurinesmedicine.symptommedicine.drugMuscle contractionMuscle ContractionAutonomicautacoid pharmacology
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Endotoxin inhibits gastric emptying in rats via a capsaicin-sensitive afferent pathway.

2001

The effects of endotoxin on gastric emptying of a solid nutrient meal and the neural mechanisms involved in such a response were investigated in conscious rats. The intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of E. coli endotoxin (40 mug/kg) significantly reduced the 4-h rate of gastric emptying of a standard solid nutrient meal. Ablation of primary afferent neurons by systemic administration of high doses of capsaicin (20+30+50 mg/kg s.c.) to adult rats did not modify the rate of gastric emptying in control animals but prevented the delay in gastric transit induced by endotoxin. Local application of capsaicin to the vagus nerve rather than application of capsaicin to the celiac ganglion signific…

AtropineLipopolysaccharidesMaleendotoxinmedicine.medical_specialtyCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptidePharmacology toxicologyMuscarinic AntagonistscapsaicinRats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundgastric emptyingtransitNeurons EfferentCalcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor AntagonistsInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsDrug InteractionsCGRPNeurons AfferenttachykininsPhentolamineAfferent PathwayAdrenergic alpha-AntagonistsPharmacologyMealAfferent PathwaysGastric emptyingdigestive oral and skin physiologyGeneral MedicinePeptide FragmentsRatsEndocrinologychemistryGastric EmptyingCapsaicinCapsaicinNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
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Inhibition by oxotremorine of acetylcholine resting release from guinea pig-ileum longitudinal muscle strips

1975

1. Longitudinal muscle strips of the guinea-pig ileum were incubated in Tyrode solution containing either DFP or physostigmine as cholinesterase inhibior. After a 90 min preincubation period the acetylcholine resting release into the medium was determined. Acetylcholine was estimated by gas chromatography. 2. The resting release was 0.39 nmol/g×min irrespective of the cholinesterase inhibitor used. In the presence of hexamethonium, or after omission of external calcium, the resting release fell by 50 and 55%, respectively. 3. Oxotremorine (10−5 and 10−4 M) significantly inhibited the resting release of acetylcholine by 25 and 33%, respectively. The inhibitory effect of oxotremorine was comp…

AtropineMalePhysostigminemedicine.medical_specialtyChromatography GasIsoflurophatePhysostigmineGuinea PigsHexamethonium CompoundsIn Vitro Techniqueschemistry.chemical_compoundIleumInternal medicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineOxotremorineAnimalsReceptors CholinergicCholinesterasePharmacologybiologyOxotremorineMuscle SmoothGeneral MedicineAcetylcholineAtropineEndocrinologychemistryDepression Chemicalbiology.proteinCholinergicCalciumFemaleHexamethoniumAcetylcholinemedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
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Different muscarinic receptor subtypes modulate proliferation of primary human detrusor smooth muscle cells via Akt/PI3K and map kinases.

2013

While acetylcholine (ACh) and muscarinic receptors in the bladder are mainly known for their role in the regulation of smooth muscle contractility, in other tissues they are involved in tissue remodelling and promote cell growth and proliferation. In the present study we have used primary cultures of human detrusor smooth muscle cells (HDSMCs), in order to investigate the role of muscarinic receptors in HDSMC proliferation. Samples were obtained as discarded tissue from men >65 years undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer and cut in pieces that were either immediately frozen or placed in culture medium for the cell culture establishment. HDSMCs were isolated from samples, propagat…

AtropineMalePyrrolidinesMessenger030232 urology & nephrologyGene ExpressionPhosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases0302 clinical medicineAged Atropine; pharmacology Benzofurans; pharmacology Carbachol; pharmacology Cell Proliferation Cells; Cultured Cholinergic Agonists; pharmacology Gene Expression Humans Male Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; metabolism Muscarinic Antagonists; pharmacology Myocytes; Smooth Muscle; metabolism Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; metabolism Piperidines; pharmacology Pirenzepine; analogs /&/ derivatives/pharmacology Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; metabolism Pyrrolidines; pharmacology RNA; Messenger; metabolism Receptors; Muscarinic; physiology Urinary Bladder; cytologyPiperidinesSmooth MuscleReceptorsMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5Muscarinic acetylcholine receptorCells CulturedCulturedMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2Smooth muscle contractionMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1Receptors Muscarinic030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesAcetylcholinemedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyCarbacholCellsMyocytes Smooth MuscleUrinary BladderMuscarinic AntagonistsBiologyCholinergic Agonists03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineMuscarinicmedicineHumansRNA MessengerAgedBenzofuransCell ProliferationPharmacologyMyocytesPirenzepineEndocrinologyphysiologycytologyRNACarbacholanalogs /&/ derivatives/pharmacologymetabolismProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktPharmacological research
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Arginine vasopressin, via activation of post-junctional V1 receptors, induces contractile effects in mouse distal colon

2013

The aim of this study was to analyze whether arginine vasopressin (AVP) may be considered a modulator of intestinal motility. In this view, we evaluated, in vitro, the effects induced by exogenous administration of AVP on the contractility of mouse distal colon, the subtype(s) of receptor(s) activated and the action mechanism. Isometric recordings were performed on longitudinal and circular muscle strips of mouse distal colon. AVP (0.001 nM-100 nM) caused concentration-dependent contractile effects only on the longitudinal muscle, antagonized by the V1 receptor antagonist, V-1880. AVP-induced effect was not modified by tetrodotoxin, atropine and indomethacin. Contractile response to AVP was…

AtropineMaleReceptors Vasopressinmedicine.medical_specialtyVasopressinCarbacholNifedipineColonPhysiologyIndomethacinClinical BiochemistryMuscarinic AntagonistsTetrodotoxinCholinergic AgonistsIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyBiochemistryContractilityMiceCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundPhosphoinositide Phospholipase CEndocrinologyInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsCyclooxygenase InhibitorsReceptorVasopressin receptorPhospholipase CArginine vasopressin receptor 1AMuscle SmoothCalcium Channel BlockersArginine vasopressinIntestinalcontractility V1 receptorsPhospholipase C Mouse colonArginine VasopressinEnzyme ActivationMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologychemistryCarbacholGastrointestinal MotilityCyclopiazonic acidhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsMuscle ContractionSignal Transductionmedicine.drugRegulatory Peptides
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Modulation by oxotremorine and atropine of acetylcholine release evoked by electrical stimulation of the myenteric plexus of the guinea-pig ileum

1977

1. The effects of oxotremorine and atropine on the release of acetylcholine from longitudinal muscle strips of the guinea-pig ileum stimulated at frequencies between 0.1 and 3 Hz in the presence of eserine were investigated. In control experiments the acetylcholine output per stimulus declined with increasing frequencies of stimulation. 2. Oxotremorine inhibited the release of acetylcholine in a concentration-dependent fashion. At a concentration of 10−6 M oxotremorine, the release evoked by 0.1 Hz was reduced by 54%. With increasing frequencies of stimulation the inhibitory effect of oxotremorine became smaller. 3. Atropine enhanced the output of acetylcholine evoked by electrical stimulat…

AtropineMalemedicine.medical_specialtyGuinea PigsMyenteric PlexusStimulationHexamethonium CompoundsIn Vitro Techniqueschemistry.chemical_compoundTetracaineIleumInternal medicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineOxotremorineAnimalsMyenteric plexusPharmacologyMuscarineChemistryOxotremorineGeneral MedicineReceptors MuscarinicAcetylcholineElectric StimulationAtropineEndocrinologyFemaleHexamethoniumAnuraAcetylcholinemedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
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Muscarine receptor types mediating autoinhibition of acetylcholine release and sphincter contraction in the guinea-pig iris.

1990

The potencies of several muscarine receptor antagonists in blocking either the autoinhibition of acetylcholine release or the muscarinic contraction of the sphincter muscle upon acetylcholine release were investigated in the guinea-pig iris. The agonist at pre- or postjunctional muscarine receptors was acetylcholine released upon field stimulation (5.5 Hz, 2 min) of the irides preloaded with 14C-choline. The stimulation-evoked 14C-overflow was doubled in the presence of atropine 0.1 mumol/l but unaffected by the agonist (+/-)-methacholine (50 mumol/l). Thus, under the present stimulation conditions, the autoinhibition of acetylcholine release on the guinea-pig iris cholinergic nerves was ne…

AtropineMalemedicine.medical_specialtyGuinea PigsNeuromuscular JunctionIrisBiologyDiaminesIn Vitro Techniqueschemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineMethoctramineAnimalsMethacholine CompoundsMethacholine ChloridePharmacologyMuscarineGallamine TriethiodideGallamine triethiodideMuscle SmoothGeneral MedicinePirenzepinePirenzepineReceptors MuscarinicAcetylcholineElectric StimulationEndocrinologychemistryCholinergicFemalemedicine.symptomAcetylcholineMuscle contractionmedicine.drugMuscle ContractionNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
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