Search results for "Risk"

showing 10 items of 9963 documents

Prolonged sleep restriction induces changes in pathways involved in cholesterol metabolism and inflammatory responses

2016

Article

0301 basic medicineMaleEpidemiologyPhysiologychemistry.chemical_compoundinsufficient sleep0302 clinical medicineHigh-density lipoproteinFinlandSleep restrictionGENERAL-POPULATIONINSULIN-RESISTANCEeducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinarytulehdusCARDIOVASCULAR RISKGLUCOSE-METABOLISMta3142Chronic inflammationMiddle AgedSleep in non-human animals3. Good healthSleep deprivationCholesterolMetabolomeFemalemedicine.symptomAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyACUTE-PHASE RESPONSELIVER-X-RECEPTORSPopulationBiologyta3111Articlesleep restriction03 medical and health sciencesInsulin resistanceMetabolic DiseasesInternal medicinemedicineMetabolomeHumansCORONARY-HEART-DISEASEeducationLiver X receptorDyslipidaemiasAgedCASSETTE TRANSPORTER G1Gene Expression Profilingta1182ta3121medicine.diseaseSleep deprivation030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologychemistryinflammationcholesterol metabolismSleep Deprivation3111 BiomedicineGene expressionHIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBlood Chemical AnalysisScientific Reports
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The Potential Role of Direct and Indirect Contacts on Infection Spread in Dairy Farm Networks.

2017

Animals’ exchanges are considered the most effective route of between-farm infectious disease transmission. However, despite being often overlooked, the infection spread due to contaminated equipment, vehicles, or personnel proved to be important for several livestock epidemics. This study investigated the role of indirect contacts in a potential infection spread in the dairy farm network of the Province of Parma (Northern Italy). We built between-farm contact networks using data on cattle exchange (direct contacts), and on-farm visits by veterinarians (indirect contacts). We compared the features of the contact structures by using measures on static and temporal networks. We assessed the d…

0301 basic medicineMaleEpidemiologyanimal diseasesNetwork structureParatuberculosisAnimal DiseasesDisease Outbreaks0403 veterinary scienceDisease spreadingRisk FactorsParatuberculosisMedicine and Health Scienceslcsh:QH301-705.5MammalsDisease surveillanceEcologyInfectious disease transmissionIncidenceAgriculture04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesRuminantsProfessionsDairyingGeographyInfectious DiseasesComputational Theory and MathematicsVeterinary DiseasesItalyModeling and SimulationVertebratesLivestockFemaleResearch ArticleFarmsLivestock040301 veterinary sciencesContaminated equipmentCattle DiseasesCommunicable DiseasesInfectious Disease EpidemiologyVeterinariansVeterinary Epidemiology03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceBovinesEnvironmental healthGeneticsmedicineAnimalsComputer SimulationMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsModels Statisticalbusiness.industryOrganismsBiology and Life Sciencesmedicine.diseaseNorthern italy030104 developmental biologylcsh:Biology (General)AmniotesPeople and PlacesVeterinary ScienceCattlePopulation GroupingsContact TracingbusinessZoologyPLoS Computational Biology
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The HLA-DQβ1 insertion is a strong achalasia risk factor and displays a geospatial north-south gradient among Europeans.

2016

Idiopathic achalasia is a severe motility disorder of the esophagus and is characterized by a failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax due to a loss of neurons in the myenteric plexus. Most recently, we identified an eight-amino-acid insertion in the cytoplasmic tail of HLA-DQβ1 as strong achalasia risk factor in a sample set from Central Europe, Italy and Spain. Here, we tested whether the HLA-DQβ1 insertion also confers achalasia risk in the Polish and Swedish population. We could replicate the initial findings and the insertion shows strong achalasia association in both samples (Poland P=1.84 × 10(-04), Sweden P=7.44 × 10(-05)). Combining all five European data sets - Central E…

0301 basic medicineMaleEuropean Continental Ancestry GroupShort ReportAchalasiaHuman leukocyte antigenWhite People03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSwedish populationGeneticGenetics esophageal achalasiaMutation RateGeneticsmedicineotorhinolaryngologic diseasesPrevalenceHLA-DQ beta-ChainsHumansIn patientEsophagusRisk factorGenetics (clinical)GeneticsHLA-DQ beta-ChainPolymorphism Geneticbusiness.industryEuropean populationmedicine.diseaseEsophageal AchalasiaEuropeMutagenesis Insertional030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureAttributable risk030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemalebusinessHumanDemography
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Large-scale genome-wide analysis identifies genetic variants associated with cardiac structure and function

2017

BACKGROUND: Understanding the genetic architecture of cardiac structure and function may help to prevent and treat heart disease. This investigation sought to identify common genetic variations associated with inter-individual variability in cardiac structure and function. METHODS: A GWAS meta-analysis of echocardiographic traits was performed, including 46,533 individuals from 30 studies (EchoGen consortium). The analysis included 16 traits of left ventricular (LV) structure, and systolic and diastolic function. RESULTS: The discovery analysis included 21 cohorts for structural and systolic function traits (n = 32,212) and 17 cohorts for diastolic function traits (n = 21,852). Replication …

0301 basic medicineMaleGenome-wide association studyBLOOD-PRESSUREResearch & Experimental Medicine030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCoronary artery diseasegenome-wide0302 clinical medicineEPIDEMIOLOGYMyocardial infarctionGeneticsRISK11 Medical And Health SciencesGeneral Medicine3. Good healthMedicine Research & Experimentalcardiovascular systemMedical geneticsCORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASEHEART-FAILUREFemaleLife Sciences & Biomedicinemedicine.medical_specialtyHeart DiseasesImmunologyQuantitative trait locusPolymorphism Single Nucleotide03 medical and health sciencesQuantitative Trait HeritableGenetic variationmedicineHumansMETAANALYSISScience & Technologybusiness.industryMyocardiumta3121medicine.diseaseGenetic architecture030104 developmental biologyMYOCARDIAL-INFARCTIONGenetic LociHeart failureREPLICATIONClinical MedicinebusinessREDUCED EJECTION FRACTIONSUPPRESSOR GENEGenome-Wide Association Study
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Efficacy and tolerability of switching to a dual therapy with darunavir/ritonavir plus raltegravir in HIV-infected patients with HIV-1 RNA ≤50 cp/…

2017

Background: Nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) toxicity may represent a threat for long-term success of combined antiretroviral therapy. Some studies have suggested a possible improvement of NRTI-related toxicity after switching to NRTI-sparing regimens. Objectives: We aimed to explore the efficacy and tolerability of switching to darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) plus raltegravir (RAL) while having a viral load (VL) ≤50 copies/mL in the clinical setting. Study design: Treatment-experienced HIV 1-infected patients enrolled in the ICONA Foundation Study cohort were included if they switched their current regimen to DRV/r + RAL with a HIV-RNA ≤50 copies/mL. Different defin…

0301 basic medicineMaleHIV InfectionsAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability; Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseasesAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Cohort Studies; Darunavir; Drug Therapy Combination; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; RNA Viral; Raltegravir Potassium; Ritonavir; Viral LoadGastroenterologyCohort StudiesAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability0302 clinical medicineMedicineNRTI-sparing regimen030212 general & internal medicineViralDarunavireducation.field_of_studyLamivudineGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedViral LoadTolerabilityAntiretroviral therapyInfectious DiseasesTolerabilityItalyCombinationRNA ViralDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleViral loadmedicine.drugAdultMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyEfficacyAnti-HIV Agents030106 microbiologyPopulationDarunavir/ritonavir; Raltegravir; Efficacy; Tolerability; Antiretroviral therapy; NRTI-sparing regimenSettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVELower riskNO03 medical and health sciencesDrug TherapyInternal medicineRaltegravir PotassiumHumanseducationDarunavirRitonavirbusiness.industryDarunavir/ritonavirRaltegravirRaltegravirHIV-1RNARitonavirbusinessAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability;
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Vitamin D Status and the Relationship with Bone Fragility Fractures in HIV-Infected Patients: A Case Control Study

2018

HIV-infected patients show high risk of fracture. The aims of our study were to determine the prevalence of vertebral fractures (VFs) and their associations with vitamin D in HIV patients. 100 patients with HIV infection and 100 healthy age-and sex-matched controls were studied. Bone mineral density was measured by quantitative ultrasound at the non-dominant heel. Serum osteocalcin and C-terminal telopeptide of collagen type 1 served as bone turnover markers. Bone ultrasound measurements were significantly lower in patients compared with controls (Stiffness Index (SI): 80.58 ± 19.95% vs. 93.80 ± 7.10%, respectively, p < 0.001). VFs were found in 16 patients and in 2 controls. HIV patie…

0301 basic medicineMaleHeelBone ultrasound; HIV; Osteoporosis; Vertebral fractures; Vitamin D; Catalysis; Molecular Biology; Spectroscopy; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Organic Chemistry; Inorganic ChemistryOsteoporosisvitamin DHIV InfectionsGastroenterologyCatalysiBone remodelingFractures Bone0302 clinical medicineRisk Factors030212 general & internal medicineSpectroscopyBone mineralUltrasoundComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionPhosphorusGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedComputer Science Applicationsmedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtybone ultrasoundCatalysisArticleInorganic Chemistrybone ultrasound; HIV; osteoporosis; vertebral fractures; vitamin D03 medical and health sciencesN-terminal telopeptideInternal medicinemedicineVitamin D and neurologyHumansvertebral fracturesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular Biologybusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryOsteoporosiCase-control studyHIVmedicine.diseaseosteoporosis030104 developmental biologyCase-Control StudiesCalciumVertebral fracturebusinessInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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High dietary protein intake is associated with an increased body weight and total death risk.

2015

Summary Background & aims High dietary protein diets are widely used to manage overweight and obesity. However, there is a lack of consensus about their long-term efficacy and safety. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of long-term high-protein consumption on body weight changes and death outcomes in subjects at high cardiovascular risk. Methods A secondary analysis of the PREDIMED trial was conducted. Dietary protein was assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire during the follow-up. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for protein intake in relation to the risk of bo…

0301 basic medicineMaleHigh-protein dietOverweightCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicinemedicine.disease_causeWeight GainBody Mass Index0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesMedicineProspective StudiesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyNutrition and DieteticsHazard ratioMiddle AgedEuropean Prospective Investigation into Cancer and NutritionCholesterolCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleDietary Proteinsmedicine.symptomWaist Circumferencemedicine.medical_specialtyPopulation030209 endocrinology & metabolism03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineDietary CarbohydratesHumansObesityMortalityeducationTriglyceridesAgedProportional Hazards Models030109 nutrition & dieteticsbusiness.industryOverweightmedicine.diseaseObesityDietary FatsEndocrinologyNutrition AssessmentbusinessEnergy IntakeWeight gainBody mass indexClinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
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Incidence and risk factors for liver enzyme elevation among naive HIV-1-infected patients receiving ART in the ICONA cohort

2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the incidence and risk factors for liver enzyme elevations (LEE) in patients initiating first-line ART in the ICONA prospective observational cohort, between June 2009 and December 2017.Patients and methodsIn total, 6575 ART-naive patients were selected, initiating two NRTIs with the third drug being a boosted PI (n=2436; 37.0%), an NNRTI (n=2384; 36.3%) or an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) (n=1755; 26.7%). HBV surface antigen and HCV RNA were detected in 3.9% and 5.8% of the study population. Inverse probability weighted Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the HRs, according to first-line regimen, for LEE, defined as ALT or AST increases…

0301 basic medicineMaleIntegrase inhibitorHepatitis B Surface AntigenHIV Infections0302 clinical medicineRisk Factorshivh epatitis c rna surface antigens follow-up homosexuality integrase inhibitors hepatitis b virus hepatitis b virus measurement hiv infections hepatotoxicity hepatitis c virus coinfection nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors cox proportional hazards models baseline value liver enzyme raltegravirPharmacology (medical)HIV Infection030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyCoinfectionIncidence (epidemiology)Liver DiseaseIncidenceLiver Diseasesvirus diseasesHepatitis CMiddle AgedHepatitis CReverse Transcriptase InhibitorInfectious DiseasesCohortCoinfectionPopulation studyRegression AnalysisReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsFemalemedicine.drugHumanMicrobiology (medical)Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyAnti-HIV AgentsRegression AnalysiNO03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineHumansHIV Integrase InhibitorsHIV Protease InhibitorPharmacologyHepatitis B Surface Antigensbusiness.industryAnti-HIV AgentHIV ARTHIV Protease Inhibitorsmedicine.diseaseRaltegravir030112 virologyHIV Integrase InhibitorProspective StudieHIV-1businessAdult Anti-HIV Agents Coinfection Female Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Hepatitis C HIV Infections HIV Integrase Inhibitors HIV Protease Inhibitors HIV-1 Humans Incidence Liver Diseases Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies Regression Analysis Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Risk Factors
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New insights into the genetics of primary open-angle glaucoma based on meta-analyses of intraocular pressure and optic disc characteristics

2017

Item does not contain fulltext Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the most common optic neuropathy, is a heritable disease. Siblings of POAG cases have a ten-fold increased risk of developing the disease. Intraocular pressure (IOP) and optic nerve head characteristics are used clinically to predict POAG risk. We conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of IOP and optic disc parameters and validated our findings in multiple sets of POAG cases and controls. Using imputation to the 1000 genomes (1000G) reference set, we identified 9 new genomic regions associated with vertical cup-disc ratio (VCDR) and 1 new region associated with IOP. Additionally, we found 5 novel loci for optic ne…

0301 basic medicineMaleIntraocular pressuregenetic structuresOptic diskGlaucomaPROTEINGenome-wide association studyIDENTIFIES 5Sensory disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 12]Optic neuropathyOptic Nerve DiseasesPROSTATEGenetics (clinical)RISKAssociation Studies ArticlesCOMMON VARIANTSGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedCANCER3. Good healthmedicine.anatomical_structureOptic nerveFemaleGlaucoma Open-AngleOptic discCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21medicine.medical_specialtyOpen angle glaucomaSUSCEPTIBILITY LOCIOptic Disk610 Medicine & healthBiology03 medical and health sciencesTonometry OcularOphthalmologyGeneticsmedicineHumansGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATIONMolecular BiologyIntraocular PressureHomeodomain ProteinsP53Genome HumanPOPULATION-BASED EPIDEMIOLOGYZebrafish Proteinsmedicine.diseaseeye diseases030104 developmental biologysense organsGenome-Wide Association StudyHuman Molecular Genetics
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Dietary Magnesium and Incident Frailty in Older People at Risk for Knee Osteoarthritis: An Eight-Year Longitudinal Study.

2017

Inadequate magnesium (Mg) intake is associated with lower physical performance, but the relationship with frailty in older people is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether higher dietary Mg intake is associated with a lower risk of frailty in a large cohort of North American individuals. Details regarding Mg intake were recorded through a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and categorized as greater than/equal to Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) vs. lower. Frailty was defined using the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures index. Multivariable Cox’s regression analyses, calculating hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were undertaken by sex. In total, 4421 in…

0301 basic medicineMaleLongitudinal studymedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaFrail ElderlyOsteoarthritis Initiative; frailty; magnesium; older adultslcsh:TX341-641OsteoarthritisfrailtymagnesiumLower riskRecommended Dietary AllowancesArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsInternal medicinemedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineLongitudinal StudiesOlder adultolder adultsAgedMagnesium/administration & dosage030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industryConfoundingHazard ratioOsteoarthritis Knee/etiologyfrailty; magnesium; older adults; Osteoarthritis InitiativeMiddle AgedOsteoarthritis Kneemedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalDietFrailty; Magnesium; Older adults; Osteoarthritis Initiative; Food Science; Nutrition and DieteticsDietary Reference IntakeOsteoarthritis InitiativePhysical therapyFemaleOlder peoplebusinesslcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supplyFood ScienceNutrients
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