Search results for "Rites"
showing 10 items of 427 documents
A (1->3)-beta-D-glucan recognition protein from the sponge Suberites domuncula. Mediated activation of fibrinogen-like protein and epidermal growth f…
2004
Sponges (phylum Porifera) live in a symbiotic relationship with microorganisms, primarily bacteria. Until now, molecular proof for the capacity of sponges to recognize fungi in the surrounding aqueous milieu has not been available. Here we demonstrate, for the demosponge Suberites domuncula (Porifera, Demospongiae, Hadromerida), a cell surface receptor that recognizes (1--3)-beta-D-glucans, e.g. curdlan or laminarin. This receptor, the (1--3)-beta-D-glucan-binding protein, was identified and its cDNA analysed. The gene coding for the 45 kDa protein was found to be upregulated in tissue after incubation with carbohydrate. Simultaneously with the increased expression of this gene, two further…
Induction of DNA damage and expression of heat shock protein HSP70 by polychlorinated biphenyls in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula Olivi
1999
The effects of different polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) including toxic coplanar non-ortho (PCB77) and non-planar mono-ortho (PCB118) and di-ortho (PCB153) congeners on the extent of DNA damage as well as on the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were investigated in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula Olivi (Porifera; Demospongiae). A time-dependent increase in the number of DNA single-strand breaks, expressed as strand scission factor (SSF), was found after injection of a single dose of 25 mu g of PCB 118 or PCB 153 per gram wet mass of S. domuncula, using Fast Micromethod assay, which is based on the unwinding of DNA under alkaline conditions. The number of strand breaks ind…
Induction of (2′−5′)oligoadenylate synthetase in the marine spongesSuberites domunculaandGeodia cydoniumby the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide
2002
Recent studies have shown that the Porifera, with the examples of the demosponges Suberites domuncula and Geodia cydonium, comprise a series of pathways found also in the immune system of Deuterostomia, such as vertebrates, but are absent in Protostomia, with insects or nematodes as examples. One pathway is the (2'-5')oligoadenylate synthetase [(2-5)A synthetase] system. In the present study we show that crude extracts from tissue of S. domuncula collected from the sea display a considerable amount of (2-5)A synthetase activity; 16% of the ATP substrate is converted to the (2-5)A product, while tissue from specimens which were kept for 6 months in an aquarium shows only 1% of conversion. As…
Ophiobolin Sesterterpenoids and Pyrrolidine Alkaloids from the Sponge-Derived Fungus Aspergillus ustus
2011
Chemical examination of the fungus Aspergillus ustus isolated from the Mediterranean sponge Suberites domuncula yielded the five new ophiobolin-type sesterterpenoids 1–5 and the two new pyrrolidine alkaloids 6 and 7, together with the known compound aurantiamine and cerebroside D. The structures of the new compounds were unambiguously elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic-data analysis (1D- and 2D-NMR, MS, and UV) and comparison with literature data. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against murine lymphoma cell line L5178Y.
Co-expression and Functional Interaction of Silicatein with Galectin
2006
Sponges (phylum Porifera) of the class of Demospongiae are stabilized by a siliceous skeleton. It is composed of silica needles (spicules), which provide the morphogenetic scaffold of these metazoans. In the center of the spicules there is an axial filament that consists predominantly of silicatein, an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of biosilica. By differential display of transcripts we identified additional proteins involved in silica formation. Two genes were isolated from the marine demosponge Suberites domuncula; one codes for a galectin and the other for a fibrillar collagen. The galectin forms aggregates to which silicatein molecules bind. The extent of the silicatein-mediated s…
The Origin of Metazoan Complexity: Porifera as Integrated Animals
2011
SYNOPSIS. Sponges [Porifera] are the phylogenetically oldest metazoan phylum still extant today; they share the closest relationship with the hypothetical common metazoan ancestor, the Urmetazoa. During the past 8 years cDNAs coding for proteins involved in cell-cell- and cell-tissue interaction have been cloned from sponges, primarily from Suberites domuncula and Geodia cydonium and their functions have been studied in vivo as well as in vitro. Also, characteristic elements of the extracellular matrix have been identified and cloned. Those data confirmed that all metazoan phyla originate from one ancestor, the Urmetazoa. The existence of cell adhesion molecules allowed the emergence of a c…
The unique skeleton of siliceous sponges (Porifera; Hexactinellida and Demospongiae) that evolved first from the Urmetazoa during the Proterozoic: a …
2007
Abstract. Sponges (phylum Porifera) had been considered as an enigmatic phylum, prior to the analysis of their genetic repertoire/tool kit. Already with the isolation of the first adhesion molecule, galectin, it became clear that the sequences of the sponge cell surface receptors and those of the molecules forming the intracellular signal transduction pathways, triggered by them, share high similarity to those identified in other metazoan phyla. These studies demonstrated that all metazoan phyla, including the Porifera, originate from one common ancestor, the Urmetazoa. The sponges evolved during a time prior to the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary (542 million years ago (myr)). They appeared du…
Identification of highly conserved genes: SNZ and SNO in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula: their gene structure and promoter activity in mammali…
2001
Abstract Recently, we reported that cells from the sponge Suberites domuncula respond to ethylene with an increase in intracellular Ca 2+ level [Ca 2+ ] i , and with an upregulation of the expression of (at least) two genes, a Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase and the potential ethylene-responsive gene, termed SDSNZERR (A. Krasko, H.C. Schroder, S. Perovic, R. Steffen, M. Kruse, W. Reichert, I.M. Muller, W.E.G. Muller, J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999)). Here, we describe for the first time that also mammalian (3T3) cells respond to ethylene, generated by ethephon, with an immediate and transient, strong increase in [Ca 2+ ] i . Next, the promoter for the sponge SDSNZERR gene was isolated …
Tarbellastraea (Scleractinia): A new stable isotope archive for Late Miocene paleoenvironments in the Mediterranean
2008
Abstract Geochemical proxy records of sea surface temperature (SST) or sea surface salinity (SSS) variability on intra- and interannual time-scales in corals from geological periods older than Pleistocene are extremely rare due to pervasive diagenetic alteration of coralline aragonite. Very recently, however, stable isotope data (δ18O, δ13C) from specimens of Porites of Late Miocene age (10 Ma) have been shown to preserve original environmental signatures. In this paper we describe new finds of the zooxanthellate corals Porites and Tarbellastraea in exceptional aragonite preservation from the island of Crete in sediments of Tortonian (∼ 9 Ma) and Early Messinian (∼ 7 Ma) age. Systematic, co…
Potentiation of the cytotoxic activity of copper by polyphosphate on biofilm-producing bacteria: A bioinspired approach
2012
Adhesion and accumulation of organic molecules represent an ecologically and economically massive problem. Adhesion of organic molecules is followed by microorganisms, unicellular organisms and plants together with their secreted soluble and structure-associated byproducts, which damage unprotected surfaces of submerged marine structures, including ship hulls and heat exchangers of power plants. This is termed biofouling. The search for less toxic anti-biofilm strategies has intensified since the ban of efficient and cost-effective anti-fouling paints, enriched with the organotin compound tributyltin, not least because of our finding of the ubiquitous toxic/pro-apoptotic effects displayed b…