Search results for "Rome"

Nonlinear statistical retrieval of surface emissivity from IASI data

2017

Emissivity is one of the most important parameters to improve the determination of the troposphere properties (thermodynamic properties, aerosols and trace gases concentration) and it is essential to estimate the radiative budget. With the second generation of infrared sounders, we can estimate emissivity spectra at high spectral resolution, which gives us a global view and long-term monitoring of continental surfaces. Statistically, this is an ill-posed retrieval problem, with as many output variables as inputs. We here propose nonlinear multi-output statistical regression based on kernel methods to estimate spectral emissivity given the radiances. Kernel methods can cope with high-dimensi…

Resilience to flash floods in wetland communities of northeastern Bangladesh

2018

Globally, a number of catastrophic hydrometeorological hazards occurred in 2017 among which the monsoon floods in South Asia was particularly disastrous, killing nearly 1200 people in India, Nepal and Bangladesh. The wetland region (Haor) of northeastern (NE) Bangladesh was severely affected by flash floods early in 2017, affecting nearly 1 million households and damaging US $450 million worth of rice crops. This study investigates how the NE Bangladesh experienced the 2017 flash floods, and to what degree the wetland communities are vulnerable and resilience to flash floods. Focus group discussion, key informant interviews, and household questionnaire surveys (n = 80) were applied in the s…

Estudio antropométrico en una población infantil con síndrome de Down

2017

Resumen Objetivo Estudio de los valores antropometricos registrados en las historias clinicas de un grupo representativo de pacientes en edad pediatrica en la Unidad de Sindrome de Down del Servicio de Pediatria del Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia, entre los anos 2000 y 2014, inclusive. Pacientes y metodos Estudio observacional descriptivo en una muestra de 140 pacientes de entre 1 y 13 anos. La muestra se configuro a partir de los criterios de inclusion y de exclusion. Se extrajeron del informe de la primera visita, los datos relevantes referentes al nacimiento y, de las visitas sucesivas (643 mediciones), el estado del paciente en dicho momento. Resultados Se estudiaron 103 pac…

Leucocyte Rheology at Baseline and after Activation in Post-Phlebitic Syndrome

1999

Objective: To evaluate leucocyte rheology, expressed as leucocyte filtration, polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) membrane fluidity and cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in subjects with post-phlebitic leg syndrome (PPS). Methods: In 22 subjects with PPS we determined leucocyte filtration [unfractionated, mononuclear (MN) and PMN cells], employing the St George Filtrometer, PMN membrane fluidity using the fluorescent probe 1-[4-(trimethylamino)phenyl]-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (TMA-DPH) and PMN cytosolic Ca2+ concentration using the fluorescent probe Fura 2-AM. Subsequently we determined the same PMN parameters after in vitro activation with 4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and N-formyl-met…

Treatment of Bladder Pain Syndrome: One Size May Not Fit All

2018

'Palaeoshellomics' reveals the use of freshwater mother-of-pearl in prehistory

2019

The extensive use of mollusc shell as a versatile raw material is testament to its importance in prehistoric times. The consistent choice of certain species for different purposes, including the making of ornaments, is a direct representation of how humans viewed and exploited their environment. The necessary taxonomic information, however, is often impossible to obtain from objects that are small, heavily worked or degraded. Here we propose a novel biogeochemical approach to track the biological origin of prehistoric mollusc shell. We conducted an in-depth study of archaeological ornaments using microstructural, geochemical and biomolecular analyses, including ‘palaeoshellomics’, the first…

Corrigendum to “Gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric investigation of the chemical composition of beebread” [Food Chem. 115 (2009) 1056–1063]

2016

BIOAEROSOL

2017

Cultural heritage constitutive materials can provide excellent substrates for microbial colonisation, highly influenced by thermo-hygrometric parameters. In cultural heritage-related environments, a detrimental microbial load may be present both on manufact surface and in the aerosol. Confined environments (museums, archives, deposits, caves, hypogea) have peculiar structures and dif- ferent thermo-hygrometric parameters, influencing the development of a wide range of microbial species, able to induce artefact biodeterioration and to release biological particles in the aerosol (spores, cellular debrides, toxins, allergens) potentially dangerous for the human health (visitors/users). In orde…

Assembly of Transmembrane b-Type Cytochromes and Cytochrome Complexes

2016

Cytochromes are involved in charge-transfer reactions, and many cytochromes contain a transmembrane domain and are part of membrane-localized electron transfer chains. Protoporphyrin IX (heme b) is the first heme product in the tetrapyrrole/heme biosynthesis pathway. In contrast to c-type cytochromes, there is no need for a specialized machinery catalyzing covalent attachment of the heme molecule to a b-type apo-cytochrome, nor is the cofactor further modified, as in a-, d- and o-type cytochromes. Thus, formation of a holo-cytochrome is relatively simple for b-type cytochromes, and this class of proteins probably represents the most ancient members of transmembrane cytochromes. However, ass…

Generation of oxysterols formed by free radicals and enzymes by electrochemical oxidation

2016

International audience; It is commonly accepted that cholesterol oxide derivatives, also named oxysterols, are 27 carbon-atom molecules deriving either from enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidation of cholesterol. Most of these compounds can be synthesized by more or less difficult and time consuming chemical reactions, and some of them have been discovered before the identification of the enzymes [mainly cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP enzymes)] involved in their biosynthesis. A wide range of biological activities depends on oxysterols. Some oxysterols are also involved in the synthesis of cholesterol metabolites which have various properties. The paper by Weber et al. in this issue of European …