Search results for "Ruler"
showing 10 items of 14 documents
Conformational dynamics of a single protein monitored for 24 hours at video rate
2018
We use plasmon rulers to follow the conformational dynamics of a single protein for up to 24 h at a video rate. The plasmon ruler consists of two gold nanospheres connected by a single protein linker. In our experiment, we follow the dynamics of the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), which is known to show “open” and “closed” conformations. Our measurements confirm the previously known conformational dynamics with transition times in the second to minute time scale and reveals new dynamics on the time scale of minutes to hours. Plasmon rulers thus extend the observation bandwidth 3–4 orders of magnitude with respect to single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer a…
Precision and accuracy of single-molecule FRET measurements-a multi-laboratory benchmark study
2018
Single-molecule Forster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) is increasingly being used to determine distances, structures, and dynamics of biomolecules in vitro and in vivo. However, generalized protocols and FRET standards to ensure the reproducibility and accuracy of measurements of FRET efficiencies are currently lacking. Here we report the results of a comparative blind study in which 20 labs determined the FRET efficiencies (E) of several dye-labeled DNA duplexes. Using a unified, straightforward method, we obtained FRET efficiencies with s.d. between +/- 0.02 and +/- 0.05. We suggest experimental and computational procedures for converting FRET efficiencies into accurate distances, and…
Julien : les années parisiennes
2009
This article intends to scrutinize in what ways Julian’s stay in Gaul as a Caesar were decisive in Julian’s political and military education, and whether a specific ruling style and manner may be detected in the Parisian years of Julian’s government. Relying on a critical analysis of the documentation (Julian himself, Mamertinus, Ammianus, Libanios), the author examines the military and civilian aspects of Julian’s training as an apparently inexperienced ruler but quick learner. She carries out a prosopographical study of the Caesar’s circle and the administrative staff which was then on duty, combining friendly and hostile persons. Gaul offered him a training ground and he became even the …
Vindicating Pablo Avecilla’s Spanish ‘Imitation’ of Hamlet (1856)
2012
This essay examines Pablo Avecilla’s Hamlet, an ‘imitation’ of Shakespeare’s tragedy of the prince of Denmark published in 1856, both in its own terms and in the historical context of its publication. This Shakespearean adaptation has been negatively judged as preposterous and unworthy of comment, but it deserves to be approached as what it claimed to be, a free handling of the Shakespearean model, and as responding to its own cultural moment. Avecilla turns the Shakespearean sacrificial prince into a righteous sovereign that has kept the love of a lower-ranked lady and, by pursuing revenge, has successfully overthrown a dishonourable and corrupt ruler. This re-focusing of the Shakespearean…
Napoleon in Central Finland: The Fashion of Giving Children Rulers’ Names
2012
Oddawanie czci władcy w Rzymie w okresie cesarstwa na przykładzie manus velatae i silentiarii
2019
During the Roman Empire period, the ruler was venerated in many ways. Prostration, proskynesis, referring to the emperor as dominus; adora-tio purpurae; manus velatae; observing the ritual silence; and other rituals were supposed to strengthen the emperor’s authority. During the period of Dominate, the Roman freedom was replaced by etiquette at the imperial court. This article discusses only two examples of veneration of the ruler in the Roman Empire period, namely manus velatae and silentiarii. The manus velatae ritual consisted of giving hands covered with a cloth to the ruler and receiving objects from him in such hands. The gesture had already been encountered in many ancient cultures, …
Oetzel, Gespräche' über Herrschaft: Herrscherkritik bei Elisabeth I. von England (1558-1603) (Matthiesen Verlag, 2014)
2016
Review of Lena Oetzel, Gespräche' über Herrschaft: Herrscherkritik bei Elisabeth I. von England (1558-1603) (Husum: Matthiesen Verlag, 2014).
State Capacity, Legal Design and the Venality of Judicial Offices
2020
We develop a model of venal judicial offices, i.e., sales of public positions in the judicial sector, which were used extensively in France (and many other European countries) during the 17th and 18th centuries, and which led to vastly improved French State capacity despite limited opportunities to raise taxes and to borrow. In this model, venality provides financial resources for the ruler, at the cost of less control over judicial decisions. We rely on this model to provide an analytic narrative of the rise and the decline of venality in Old Regime France.
The Decline of the Shepherd Metaphor as Royal Self-Expression1
2019
In the Old Testament, shepherd is a common metaphor of kingship, and this metaphor is sometimes also used to denote the Israelite god as a ruler (See for instance HALOT entry הער ). In Assyrian, Ba...
Self Calibrating Nano-Ruler
2012
The aim of a nanoruler is to measure distances on a length scale in the order of nanometers. This concept can be realized by two plasmonic nanoparticles (usually spheres), which are placed within a short distance to each other. Since the plasmon modes of both particles are coupled, they influence each other along the interparticle axis (i.e. longitudinal plasmon mode, resulting in a shift of the resonance wavelength compared to the single particle. Because the resulting resonance wavelength depends on the interparticle distance, the spectral investigation of such a dimer allows the determination of the interparticle distance.