Search results for "S'"

showing 10 items of 706 documents

Bayesian joint ordinal and survival modeling for breast cancer risk assessment

2016

We propose a joint model to analyze the structure and intensity of the association between longitudinal measurements of an ordinal marker and time to a relevant event. The longitudinal process is defined in terms of a proportional-odds cumulative logit model. Time-to-event is modeled through a left-truncated proportionalhazards model, which incorporates information of the longitudinal marker as well as baseline covariates. Both longitudinal and survival processes are connected by means of a common vector of random effects. General inferences are discussed under the Bayesian approach and include the posterior distribution of the probabilities associated to each longitudinal category and the …

Statistics and ProbabilityEpidemiologyComputer scienceBreast imagingLeft-truncated proportional-hazards modelBayesian probabilityPosterior probabilityPopulationBreast Neoplasmsleft‐truncated proportional‐hazards modelRisk Assessment:Matemàtiques i estadística::Investigació operativa [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciencesBayes' theorem0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerStatisticsCovariateEconometricsmedicineHumansBreast0101 mathematicseducationResearch ArticlesBI-RADS scaleBreast Densityeducation.field_of_studyBI‐RADS scaleLatent processBayes TheoremRandom effects modelmedicine.disease:90 Operations research mathematical programming [Classificació AMS]030220 oncology & carcinogenesisProportional‐odds cumulative logit modelFemaleProportional-odds cumulative logit modelResearch ArticleStatistics in Medicine
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An autoregressive approach to spatio-temporal disease mapping

2007

Disease mapping has been a very active research field during recent years. Nevertheless, time trends in risks have been ignored in most of these studies, yet they can provide information with a very high epidemiological value. Lately, several spatio-temporal models have been proposed, either based on a parametric description of time trends, on independent risk estimates for every period, or on the definition of the joint covariance matrix for all the periods as a Kronecker product of matrices. The following paper offers an autoregressive approach to spatio-temporal disease mapping by fusing ideas from autoregressive time series in order to link information in time and by spatial modelling t…

Statistics and ProbabilityEpidemiologyComputer sciencecomputer.software_genreBayesian statisticsspatial statisticsBayes' theoremsymbols.namesakeMarkov random fieldsEconometricsDiseaseSpatial analysisParametric statisticsDemographyKronecker productCovariance matrixBayes TheoremField (geography)Bayesian statisticsEpidemiologic StudiesAutoregressive modelSpainsymbolsRegression AnalysisData miningcomputer
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Bayesian analysis of a disability model for lung cancer survival

2016

Bayesian reasoning, survival analysis and multi-state models are used to assess survival times for Stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer patients and the evolution of the disease over time. Bayesian estimation is done using minimum informative priors for the Weibull regression survival model, leading to an automatic inferential procedure. Markov chain Monte Carlo methods have been used for approximating posterior distributions and the Bayesian information criterion has been considered for covariate selection. In particular, the posterior distribution of the transition probabilities, resulting from the multi-state model, constitutes a very interesting tool which could be useful to help oncolog…

Statistics and ProbabilityLung NeoplasmsEpidemiologyComputer scienceMatemáticasPosterior probabilityBayesian probabilityEstadísticaBiostatisticsAccelerated failure time modelsBayesian inference01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciencesBayes' theoremsymbols.namesake0302 clinical medicineHealth Information ManagementBayesian information criterionCarcinoma Non-Small-Cell LungStatisticsPrior probabilityHumans0101 mathematicsBiología y BiomedicinaNeoplasm StagingInformáticaBayes estimatorBayes TheoremMarkov chain Monte CarloSurvival AnalysisBayesian information criterionMarkov Chains030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMinimum informative priorsymbolsMulti-state modelsRegression AnalysisWeibull distributionMonte Carlo Method
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Fatigue crack growth in welds based on a V-notch model for the short crack propagation at the toe

2018

Abstract This work presents a new fatigue crack growth prediction model for non-load-carrying fillet welded steel joints. For this joint configuration the fatigue cracks will emanate from the weld toe region. Due to the presence of a V-notch in this region the crack initiation point becomes a point of singularity for the stress field. This may in many cases make it difficult to determine the Stress Intensity Factor Range (SIFR) for small cracks by conventional methods based on Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM). The present approach solves this problem by using the Energy Release Rate (ERR) to determine the SIFR in the small crack growth regime. The model is fitted to crack growth cur…

Strain energy release rate0209 industrial biotechnologyMaterials sciencebusiness.industryFracture mechanics02 engineering and technologyGeneral MedicineWeldingStructural engineeringParis' lawlaw.inventionStress field020303 mechanical engineering & transports020901 industrial engineering & automationSingularity0203 mechanical engineeringlawbusinessFillet (mechanics)Stress intensity factorProcedia Engineering
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Crack growth analysis at adhesive–adherent interface in bonded joints under mixed mode I/II

2008

The propagation of an interface crack subjected to mixed mode I/II was investigated for two 2024-T351 aluminum thin layers joined by means of DP760 epoxy adhesive produced by 3M©. On the basis of beam theory, an analytical expression for computing the energy release rate is presented for the mixed-mode end loaded split (MMELS) test. The analytical strain energy release rate was compared by finite element (FE) analysis using the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT). Several fatigue crack growth tests were carried out in a plane bending machine to compare the experimental energy release rates to those of the analytical and FE solutions. Experimental results showed the relationship between t…

Strain energy release rateMaterials sciencebusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringDelaminationCrack tip opening displacementFracture mechanicsStructural engineeringParis' lawCrack growth resistance curveCrack closureMechanics of Materialsmental disordersGeneral Materials ScienceAdhesiveComposite materialbusiness
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Transformation of raw ewes' milk applying “Grana” type pressed cheese technology: development of extra-hard “Gran Ovino” cheese

2019

Abstract This work was carried out to pursue a double objective: to improve the hygienic safety of cheeses produced from raw ewes' milk; and to produce a new typology of raw ewes' milk through the application of “Grana” technology for which the name “Gran Ovino” was chosen. With this in mind, raw milk from an individual farm was transformed under controlled conditions at a dairy pilot plant. The production technology included the partial skimming of the evening and morning milk mixture by cream surfacing and the addition of a natural whey starter cultures (NWSC) prepared with four selected Streptococcus thermophilus strains (PON6, PON244, PON261 e PON413). Ten microbial groups were investig…

Streptococcus thermophilusHard cheeseMicrobiologyRaw ewes' milk03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundStarterCheeseGrana type cheeseLactobacillusLactic acid bacteriaAnimalsStreptococcus thermophilusFood microbiologyDry matterFood scienceVolatile organic compoundsIllumina technology030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesSheepbiologyCurdling030306 microbiologyChemistryFatty AcidsStreptococcusfood and beveragesGeneral MedicineRaw milkbiology.organism_classificationLactic acidLactobacillusMilkSettore AGR/15 - SCIENZE E TECNOLOGIE ALIMENTARIFood TechnologyFemaleSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia AgrariaFood Science
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Influence of Heat Treatment on Fatigue Crack Growth in Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

2011

The paper contains the results of experimental work carried out in order to analyse the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks in Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. The tests were performed on plane specimens with the stress concentrators in form of one-sided sharp notches. The tested specimens were made of the oxygenated Ti-6Al-4V subjected to various variants of heat treatment.

Stress (mechanics)Crack closureMaterials scienceMechanics of MaterialsMechanical EngineeringMetallurgyTitanium alloyGeneral Materials ScienceExperimental workBendingTi 6al 4vParis' lawMicrostructureKey Engineering Materials
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Wound drainages in total hip arthroplasty: to use or not to use? Review of the literature on current practice.

2013

Aim of this study is to analyze data reported in literature concerning the efficacy of using wound low-vacuum suction drainages in orthopedic surgery after total hip arthroplasty. We analyzed studies concerning the use of drainages in prosthetic hip replacement surgery, performing our research through Pubmed, Cochrane database and Google Scholar, and selecting the ones evaluating the following parameters: bleeding, the need for blood transfusions, number or reinforcement of post-operative medications, length of hospitalization, functional results, periprosthetic and surgical wound infection, post-operative hematoma. Our review did not show any demonstrated advantage from the use of wound dr…

Suction (medicine)Hip arthroplasty Wound drain Surgical drainage Low-vacuum suction drainage Reviewmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentArthroplasty Replacement HipPeriprostheticReviewHematomaHip replacementmedicineSettore MED/33 - Malattie Apparato LocomotoreHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicinePractice Patterns Physicians'Postoperative Carebusiness.industrySurgical woundmedicine.diseaseArthroplastyWound drainLow-vacuum suction drainageSurgeryOrthopedic surgeryHip arthroplastyDrainageSurgeryComplicationbusinessSurgical drainageMusculoskeletal surgery
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Urinary Diversion: How Experts Divert

2014

To determine the rates of the available urinary diversion options for patients treated with radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in different settings (pioneering institutions, leading urologic oncology centers, and population based).Population-based data from the literature included all patients (n = 7608) treated in Sweden during the period 1964-2008, from Germany (n = 14,200) for the years 2008 and 2011, US patients (identified from National Inpatient Sample during 1998-2005, 35,370 patients and 2001-2008, 55,187 patients), and from Medicare (n = 22,600) for the years 1992, 1995, 1998, and 2001. After the International Consultation on Urologic Diseases-European Association of Urology In…

Swedenmedicine.medical_specialtyBladder cancerbusiness.industryUrologymedicine.medical_treatmentUrinary diversionUrologyUrologic OncologyPopulation basedUrinary DiversionCystectomymedicine.diseaseUnited StatesCystectomyUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsGermanymedicineHumansPractice Patterns Physicians'businesshuman activitiesUrology
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Cluster of Legionnaires’ Disease in an Italian Prison

2019

Background: Legionella pneumophila (Lp) is the most common etiologic agent causing Legionnaires&rsquo

SystemVeterinary medicine<i>Legionella pneumophila</i>Health Toxicology and Mutagenesismedia_common.quotation_subjectwaterlcsh:MedicinePrison030230 surgeryReference laboratoryDisease clusterLegionella pneumophilaArticleLegionella pneumophila03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePrevalencemedicineCluster AnalysisHumansTypingclusterGenotypingmedia_common0303 health sciencesbiology030306 microbiologylcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthSequence typesbacterial infections and mycosesbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaserespiratory tract diseasesItalyPrisonsbacteriasystemsLegionnaires' diseaseprisonLegionnaires' DiseaseWater MicrobiologyEnvironmental MonitoringInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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