Search results for "S3"

Genetic variability of hepatitis C virus non-structural protein 3 and virus-specific CD8+ response in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

2004

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) variation in specific T-cell epitopes may represent a mechanism of viral persistence in chronic infection. We examined the HCV non-structural protein 3 (NS3), including the immunologically relevant epitopes HCV NS3-2 KLVALGINAV (human leukocyte antigen [HLA]-A2-restricted) and HCV NS3-1391 LIFCHSKKK (HLA-A3-restricted), in 22 HLA-A2+ patients with chronic infection. Significant amino acid variation was found in HCV NS3-2 epitope sequences when compared to the HCV-1 prototype virus. Six of the nine different HCV NS3-2 peptide variants were identified in patients with HCV NS3-2-specific CD8+ cells, detected with an HLA-A2 tetramer made with the HCV-1 prototype peptide.…

Determinants of Substrate Specificity in the NS3 Serine Proteinase of the Hepatitis C Virus

1997

AbstractProcessing of the nonstructural polyprotein of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) requires the serine-type proteinase located in the amino-terminal domain of NS3. To identify residues within NS3 determining substrate specificity, a mutation analysis was performed. Using sequence alignments and three-dimensional structure predictions, amino acids assumed to be important for specificity were replaced and the enzymes were tested in an intracellulartrans-processing assay for their effects on cleavage of an NS4B-5B substrate. For some of the substitutions at positions 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 152, 155, 157, and 169, slightly reduced processing efficiencies were observed but in no case was the s…

Sentinel-3/FLEX Biophysical Product Confidence Using Sentinel-2 Land-Cover Spatial Distributions

2021

The estimation of biophysical variables from remote sensing data raises important challenges in terms of the acquisition technology and its limitations. In this way, some vegetation parameters, such as chlorophyll fluorescence, require sensors with a high spectral resolution that constrains the spatial resolution while significantly increasing the subpixel land-cover heterogeneity. Precisely, this spatial variability often makes that rather different canopy structures are aggregated together, which eventually generates important deviations in the corresponding parameter quantification. In the context of the Copernicus program (and other related Earth Explorer missions), this article propose…

Multitemporal Mosaicing for Sentinel-3/FLEX Derived Level-2 Product Composites

2020

The increasing availability of remote sensing data raises important challenges in terms of operational data provision and spatial coverage for conducting global studies and analyses. In this regard, existing multitemporal mosaicing techniques are generally limited to producing spectral image composites without considering the particular features of higher-level biophysical and other derived products, such as those provided by the Sentinel-3 (S3) and Fluorescence Explorer (FLEX) tandem missions. To relieve these limitations, this article proposes a novel multitemporal mosaicing algorithm specially designed for operational S3-derived products and also studies its applicability within the FLEX…

SOCS3 transactivation by PPARγ prevents IL-17-driven cancer growth.

2013

Abstract Activation of the transcription factor PPARγ by the n-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is implicated in controlling proinflammatory cytokine secretion, but the intracellular signaling pathways engaged by PPARγ are incompletely characterized. Here, we identify the adapter-encoding gene SOCS3 as a critical transcriptional target of PPARγ. SOCS3 promoter binding and gene transactivation by PPARγ was associated with a repression in differentiation of proinflammatory T-helper (TH)17 cells. Accordingly, TH17 cells induced in vitro displayed increased SOCS3 expression and diminished capacity to produce interleukin (IL)-17 following activation of PPARγ by DHA. Furthermore, naïve CD4…

2015

Notch receptors play an essential role in the regulation of central cellular processes during embryonic and postnatal development. The mammalian genome encodes for four Notch paralogs (Notch 1-4), which are activated by three Delta-like (Dll1/3/4) and two Serrate-like (Jagged1/2) ligands. Further, non-canonical Notch ligands such as EGFL7 have been identified and serve mostly as antagonists of Notch signaling. The Notch pathway prevents neuronal differentiation in the central nervous system by driving neural stem cell maintenance and commitment of neural progenitor cells into the glial lineage. Notch is therefore often implicated in the development of brain tumors, as tumor cells share vari…

Replication of subgenomic hepatitis C virus RNAs in a hepatoma cell line.

1999

An estimated 170 million persons worldwide are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), a major cause of chronic liver disease. Despite increasing knowledge of genome structure and individual viral proteins, studies on virus replication and pathogenesis have been hampered by the lack of reliable and efficient cell culture systems. A full-length consensus genome was cloned from viral RNA isolated from an infected human liver and used to construct subgenomic selectable replicons. Upon transfection into a human hepatoma cell line, these RNAs were found to replicate to high levels, permitting metabolic radiolabeling of viral RNA and proteins. This work defines the structure of HCV replicons funct…

Positivity, complex FIOs, and Toeplitz operators

2018

International audience; We establish a characterization of complex linear canonical transformations that are positive with respect to a pair of strictly plurisubharmonic quadratic weights. As an application, we show that the boundedness of a class of Toeplitz operators on the Bargmann space is implied by the boundedness of their Weyl symbols.

Substrate determinants for cleavage in cis and in trans by the hepatitis C virus NS3 proteinase

1995

Processing of the hepatitis C virus polyprotein is accomplished by a series of cotranslational and posttranslational cleavages mediated by host cell signalases and two virally encoded proteinases. Of these the NS3 proteinase is essential for processing at the NS3/4A, NS4A/4B, NS4B/5A, and NS5A/5B junctions. Processing between NS3 and NS4A occurs in cis, implying an intramolecular reaction mechanism, whereas cleavage at the other sites can also be mediated in trans. Sequence analysis of the amino termini of mature cleavage products and comparisons of amino acid residues around the scissile bonds of various hepatitis C virus isolates identified amino acid residues which might contribute to su…

"Table 8" of "Transverse momentum of J / psi produced in p Cu, p U, O-16 Cu, O-16 U and S-32 U collisions at 200-GeV per nucleon."

1991

CONTINUUM MUONS ORIGINATE MAINLY FROM VECTOR MESON DECAYS, SEMI-LEPTONIC DECAYS OF D DBAR PAIRS AND FROM DRELL-YAN MECHANISM.