Search results for "S3"

Cis autocatalytic cleavage of glycine-linked Zika virus NS2B-NS3 protease constructs.

2019

The flaviviral heterodimeric serine protease NS2B-NS3, consisting of the NS3 protease domain and the NS2B co-factor, is essential for ZIKA virus maturation and replication in cells. For in vitro studies a 'linked' construct, where a polyglycine linker connects NS2BCF and NS3pro , is often used. This construct undergoes autocatalytic cleavage. Here, we show that linked ZIKV NS2BCF -NS3pro is cleaved in cis in the NS2BCF exclusively at position R95 and not at the previously proposed alternate cleavage site at residue R29 in the NS3pro . Cleavage neither affects protease stability nor activity, despite some observed differences in spectroscopic behavior. This minimally modified construct may t…

The NS3/4A proteinase of the hepatitis C virus: unravelling structure and function of an unusual enzyme and a prime target for antiviral therapy

1999

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major causative agent of transfusion-acquired and sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis worldwide. Infections most often persist and lead, in approximately 50% of all patients, to chronic liver disease. As is characteristic for a member of the family Flaviviridae, HCV has a plus-strand RNA genome encoding a polyprotein, which is cleaved co- and post-translationally into at least 10 different products. These cleavages are mediated, among others, by a virally encoded chymotrypsin-like serine proteinase located in the N-terminal domain of non-structural protein 3 (NS3). Activity of this enzyme requires NS4A, a 54-residue polyprotein cleavage product, to form a stable…

Candidate Targets for Hepatitis C Virus-Specific Antiviral Therapy

1997

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) was identified as the major causative agent of posttransfusion and community-acquired non-A, non-B hepatitis throughout the world. It is an enveloped virus with a plus-strand RNA genome encoding a polyprotein of about 3,010 amino acids. This polyprotein is cleaved co- and posttranslationally into mature viral proteins by host cell signal peptidases and 2 viral enzymes designated the NS2-3 proteinase and the NS3/4A proteinase complex. It is assumed that virus replication takes place in a membrane-associated complex containing at least 2 viral enzymatic activities: the NS3 nucleoside triphosphatase (NTPase)/helicase and the NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp).…

Compactness of Fourier integral operators on weighted modulation spaces

2019

Using the matrix representation of Fourier integral operators with respect to a Gabor frame, we study their compactness on weighted modulation spaces. As a consequence, we recover and improve some compactness results for pseudodifferential operators.

Preparation of hepatitis C virus structural and non-structural protein fragments and studies of their immunogenicity

2006

Abstract Plasmids pQE-60 and pQE-30 containing 6× His-tag sequence were used for expression of fragments of HCV structural and non-structural proteins in Escherichia coli (E. coli). The following fragments were used: core (1–98 aa), NS3 (202–482 aa), and tetramer of hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of E2 protein. The constructed plasmids directed high levels of expression of HCV proteins in E. coli JM109. After purification by the metal-affinity chromatography on nickel–nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni–NTA) agarose, the His-tagged HCV proteins were used for immunization of BALB/c mice. All three proteins were able to induce high levels of specific antibodies and, in the case of the NS3 and HVR1 tetra…

Magenkarzinom – Was gibt’s Neues?

2011

Hundreds of nuclear and plastid loci yield novel insights into orchid relationships.

2021

Pérez-Escobar, Oscar Alejandro, Dodsworth, Steven, Bogarín, Diego, Bellot, Sidonie, Balbuena, Juan A, Schley, Rowan J, Kikuchi, Izai A, Morris, Sarah K, Epitawalage, Niroshini, Cowan, Robyn, Maurin, Olivier, Zuntini, Alexandre, Arias, Tatiana, Serna-Sánchez, Alejandra, Gravendeel, Barbara, Torres Jimenez, Maria Fernanda, Nargar, Katharina, Chomicki, Guillaume, Chase, Mark W, Leitch, Ilia J, Forest, Félix, Baker, William J (2021): Hundreds of nuclear and plastid loci yield novel insights into orchid relationships. American journal of botany 108 (7): 1166-1180, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7778176

"Table 2" of "Transverse momentum of J / psi produced in p Cu, p U, O-16 Cu, O-16 U and S-32 U collisions at 200-GeV per nucleon."

1991

CONTINUUM MUONS ORIGINATE MAINLY FROM VECTOR MESON DECAYS, SEMI-LEPTONIC DECAYS OF D DBAR PAIRS AND FROM DRELL-YAN MECHANISM.

2015

ABSTRACT Dengue fever is a severe, widespread, and neglected disease with more than 2 million diagnosed infections per year. The dengue virus NS2B/NS3 protease (PR) represents a prime target for rational drug design. At the moment, there are no clinical PR inhibitors (PIs) available. We have identified diaryl (thio)ethers as candidates for a novel class of PIs. Here, we report the selective and noncompetitive inhibition of the serotype 2 and 3 dengue virus PR in vitro and in cells by benzothiazole derivatives exhibiting 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC 50 s) in the low-micromolar range. Inhibition of replication of DENV serotypes 1 to 3 was specific, since all substances influenced neither…

Kel1 is a phosphorylation-regulated noise suppressor of the pheromone signaling pathway.

2021

Abstract Mechanisms have evolved that allow cells to detect signals and generate an appropriate response. The accuracy of these responses relies on the ability of cells to discriminate between signal and noise. How cells filter noise in signaling pathways is not well understood. We have analyzed noise suppression in the yeast pheromone signaling pathway. By combining synthetic genetic array screening, mass spectrometry and single-cell time-resolved microscopy, we discovered that the poorly characterized protein Kel1 serves as a major noise suppressor of the pathway. At the molecular level, Kel1 suppresses spontaneous activation of the pheromone response by inhibiting membrane recruitment of…