Search results for "SAM"
showing 10 items of 7385 documents
Modeling the insect mushroom bodies: application to a delayed match-to-sample task.
2013
Despite their small brains, insects show advanced capabilities in learning and task solving. Flies, honeybees and ants are becoming a reference point in neuroscience and a main source of inspiration for autonomous robot design issues and control algorithms. In particular, honeybees demonstrate to be able to autonomously abstract complex associations and apply them in tasks involving different sensory modalities within the insect brain. Mushroom Bodies (MBs) are worthy of primary attention for understanding memory and learning functions in insects. In fact, even if their main role regards olfactory conditioning, they are involved in many behavioral achievements and learning capabilities, as …
Impact of a Social Constructivist Instructional Strategy on Performance in Algebra with a Focus on Secondary School Students
2020
There have been perennial concerns on the low academic performance of students among researchers and other education stakeholders. Innovative teaching strategies have, therefore, gained prominence in the field of mathematics education. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of a social constructivist instructional strategy on students’ performance in algebra. The present study is quasi-experimental, and its type is a posttest control group involving 154 secondary school students that are randomly selected across four intact classes. The random selection of students to treatment and control controls is assumed to improve the validity of the results. Two research questions are…
Simultaneous segmentation and beam-hardening correction in computed microtomography of rock cores
2013
We propose a post-reconstruction correction procedure for the beam-hardening artifact that neither requires knowledge of the X-ray spectrum nor of the attenuation coefficients in multi-mineral geologic samples. The beam-hardening artifact in polychromatic X-ray computer tomography (CT) hampers segmentation of the phase assemblage in geologic samples. We show that in cylindrically shaped samples like rock cores, the X-ray attenuation value for a single phase depends mainly on the distance from the center of the cylinder. This relationship could be easily extracted from the CT data for every phase and used to infer the presence of these phases at all positions in the sample. Our new approach …
Great Minds Think Alike? Spatial Search Processes Can Be More Idiosyncratic When Guided by More Accurate Information.
2022
Existing research demonstrates that pre-decisional information sampling strategies are often stablewithin a given person while varying greatly across people. However, it remains largely unknown whatdrives these individual differences, that is, why in some circumstances we collect information moreidiosyncratically. In this brief report, we present a pre-registered online study of spatial search. Usinga novel technique that combines machine-learning dimension reduction and sequence alignment algo-rithms, we quantify the extent to which the shape and temporal properties of a search trajectory areidiosyncratic. We show that this metric increases (trajectories become more idiosyncratic) when a p…
Adaptive Continuous Feature Binarization for Tsetlin Machines Applied to Forecasting Dengue Incidences in the Philippines
2020
The Tsetlin Machine (TM) is a recent interpretable machine learning algorithm that requires relatively modest computational power, yet attains competitive accuracy in several benchmarks. TMs are inherently binary; however, many machine learning problems are continuous. While binarization of continuous data through brute-force thresholding has yielded promising accuracy, such an approach is computationally expensive and hinders extrapolation. In this paper, we address these limitations by standardizing features to support scale shifts in the transition from training data to real-world operation, typical for e.g. forecasting. For scalability, we employ sampling to reduce the number of binariz…
Increasing sample efficiency in deep reinforcement learning using generative environment modelling
2020
CostNet: An End-to-End Framework for Goal-Directed Reinforcement Learning
2020
Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a general framework concerned with an agent that seeks to maximize rewards in an environment. The learning typically happens through trial and error using explorative methods, such as \(\epsilon \)-greedy. There are two approaches, model-based and model-free reinforcement learning, that show concrete results in several disciplines. Model-based RL learns a model of the environment for learning the policy while model-free approaches are fully explorative and exploitative without considering the underlying environment dynamics. Model-free RL works conceptually well in simulated environments, and empirical evidence suggests that trial and error lead to a near-opti…
Has financial attitude impacted the trading activity of retail investors during the COVID-19 pandemic?
2020
Financial attitude influences the financial behavior of retail investors. Although the extant research has acknowledged and examined this relationship, the measures of financial attitude and behavior still vary widely and are generally posed as a series of questions rather than statements. In addition to this, there is insufficient knowledge regarding retail investors' behavior in the face of a health crisis, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. This study addresses these gaps in the prior literature by examining the relative influence of six dimensions of financial attitude, namely, financial anxiety, optimism, financial security, deliberative thinking, interest in financial issues, and …
Effect of raster resolution and polygon-conversion algorithm on landslide susceptibility mapping
2016
The choice of the proper resolution in landslide susceptibility mapping is a worth considering issue. If, on the one hand, a coarse spatial resolution may describe the terrain morphologic properties with low accuracy, on the other hand, at very fine resolutions, some of the DEM-derived morphometric factors may hold an excess of details. Moreover, the landslide inventory maps are represented throughout geospatial vector data structure, therefore a conversion procedure vector-to-raster is required.This work investigates the effects of raster resolution on the susceptibility mapping in conjunction with the use of different algorithms of vector-raster conversion. The Artificial Neural Network t…
Nordic penal exceptionalism: A comparative, empirical analysis
2022
Abstract Based on a survey administered in 13 prisons in England & Wales and Norway, as part of a research programme with explicitly comparative aims, this article seeks to address both the relative and absolute dimensions of the Nordic penal exceptionalism thesis. It outlines the consistently more positive results in Norway compared to England & Wales, explaining them primarily with reference to the former’s much higher quality and use of open prisons. At the same time, it emphasizes that, even in an unusually humane prison system, prisoners report considerable pain and frustration. The article also makes the case that comparative analysis should strive to be systematic, but that s…