Search results for "SCALE"

showing 10 items of 5180 documents

Measuring Child-Rearing Values. A Research Note

2012

Abstract Large scale comparative studies, such as the value surveys (EVS and WVS) or the Eurobarometer, include measurements for parental/child-rearing values. This reflects a persistent interest for the topic, which produced salient studies starting with the first half of the twentieth century (Lynd and Lund 1929; Duvall 1946). Various scholars report data on parental values which use versions of the Q-sort methodology (Kohn 1977), ranking variables (Alwin 1990; Lenski 1961), scale indicators (Tulviste et al. 2007). Q-sort methodology remains the most widely employed. One of its versions is included in the value surveys as well. However, it fails to produce comparable indicators in differe…

WrightSummative assessmentEurobarometerChild rearingRankingSalientScale (social sciences)Econometricschild-rearing/parental values value surveys measurement issues rating vs. rankingSociology (General)Value (mathematics)Social psychologyHM401-1281Social Change Review
researchProduct

Writer identification for historical handwritten documents using a single feature extraction method

2020

International audience; With the growth of artificial intelligence techniques the problem of writer identification from historical documents has gained increased interest. It consists on knowing the identity of writers of these documents. This paper introduces our baseline system for writer identification, tested on a large dataset of latin historical manuscripts used in the ICDAR 2019 competition. The proposed system yielded the best results using Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) as a single feature extraction method, without any preprocessing stage. The system was compared against four teams who participated in the competition with different feature extraction methods: SRS-LBP, SI…

Writer identificationComputer sciencebusiness.industryFeature extractionhistorical documentsScale-invariant feature transform020207 software engineeringPattern recognition02 engineering and technologyartificial intelligenceConvolutional neural networkSupport vector machineIdentification (information)sift descriptors0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringIdentity (object-oriented programming)Unsupervised learning020201 artificial intelligence & image processing[INFO]Computer Science [cs]Artificial intelligencebusiness
researchProduct

A new tool for nanoscale X-ray absorption spectroscopy and element-specific SNOM microscopy.

2007

Abstract Investigations of complex nanostructured materials used in modern technologies require special experimental techniques able to provide information on the structure and electronic properties of materials with a spatial resolution down to the nanometer scale. We tried to address these needs through the combination of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) using synchrotron radiation microbeams with scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) detection of the X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) signal. The first results obtained with the prototype instrumentation installed at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Grenoble, France) are presented. They illustrate the possibi…

X-ray absorption spectroscopyMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyXEOLGeneral Physics and AstronomySynchrotron radiationNanotechnologyCell BiologyXANESXANESlaw.inventionOptical microscopeStructural BiologylawZnO; ZnWO4MicroscopyGeneral Materials ScienceNear-field scanning optical microscopeSNOMNanoscopic scaleFilmsMicron (Oxford, England : 1993)
researchProduct

Nanoscale X-Ray Imaging of Spin Dynamics in Yttrium Iron Garnet

2019

Time-resolved scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (TR-STXM) has been used for the direct imaging of spin wave dynamics in thin film yttrium iron garnet (YIG) with spatial resolution in the sub 100 nm range. Application of this x-ray transmission technique to single crystalline garnet films was achieved by extracting a lamella (13x5x0.185 $\mathrm{\mu m^3}$) of liquid phase epitaxy grown YIG thin film out of a gadolinium gallium garnet substrate. Spin waves in the sample were measured along the Damon-Eshbach and backward volume directions of propagation at gigahertz frequencies and with wavelengths in a range between 100~nm and 10~$\mathrm{\mu}$m. The results were compared to theoretical …

Yttrium iron garnetFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyLarge scale facilities for research with photons neutrons and ions02 engineering and technologySubstrate (electronics)Epitaxy01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceSpin waveDispersion relationMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesThin film010302 applied physicsPhysicsMicroscopyCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsGadolinium gallium garnetYIG021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyWavelengthchemistryMagnonics0210 nano-technology
researchProduct

Nanodiamond Theranostic for Light-Controlled Intracellular Heating and Nanoscale Temperature Sensing

2021

Temperature is an essential parameter in all biological systems, but information about the actual temperature in living cells is limited. Especially, in photothermal therapy, local intracellular temperature changes induce cell death but the local temperature gradients are not known. Highly sensitive nanothermometers would be required to measure and report local temperature changes independent of the intracellular environment, including pH or ions. Fluorescent nanodiamonds (ND) enable temperature sensing at the nanoscale independent of external conditions. Herein, we prepare ND nanothermometers coated with a nanogel shell and the photothermal agent indocyanine green serves as a heat generato…

ZelleDDC 540 / Chemistry & allied sciencesTechnologyLetterintracellular temperature manipulation and sensingHot TemperatureMaterials scienceNanodiamond nanogel intracellular temperature manipulation and sensing photothermal applicationCellsnanodiamondphotothermal applicationNanoparticleBioengineeringNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyBestrahlungNanodiamondsHeatingGeneral Materials ScienceIrradiationPrecision MedicineNanodiamondNanoscopic scaleMechanical EngineeringTemperatureNanometerbereichGeneral ChemistryNanokristallPhotothermal therapy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsFluorescenceNanocrystalsNanoscalenanogelddc:540Nanostrukturiertes MaterialCarbon nanomaterialsIrradiation0210 nano-technologyNanochemistryddc:600IntracellularNanogel
researchProduct

An Image Segmentation Algorithm based on Community Detection

2016

International audience; With the recent advances in complex networks, image segmentation becomes one of the most appropriate application areas. In this context, we propose in this paper a new perspective of image segmentation by applying two efficient community detection algorithms. By considering regions as communities, these methods can give an over-segmented image that has many small regions. So, the proposed algorithms are improved to automatically merge those neighboring regions agglomerative to achieve the highest modularity/stability. To produce sizable regions and detect homogeneous communities, we use the combination of a feature based on the Histogram of Oriented Gradients of the …

[ INFO ] Computer Science [cs]Computer scienceComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONScale-space segmentation02 engineering and technology[INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]Minimum spanning tree-based segmentationImage texture0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringcommunity detection[INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]Segmentation[INFO]Computer Science [cs][ INFO.INFO-AI ] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]modularityImage segmentationSegmentation-based object categorizationbusiness.industry[ INFO.INFO-RB ] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]Pattern recognitionImage segmentationcomplex networksHistogram of oriented gradientsRegion growing020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusiness
researchProduct

Reaction-Diffusion Network For Geometric Multiscale High Speed Image Processing

2010

International audience; In the framework of heavy mid-level processing for high speed imaging, a nonlinear bi-dimensional network is proposed, allowing the implementation of active curve algorithms. Usually this efficient type of algorithm is prohibitive for real-time image processing due to its calculus charge and the inadequate structure for the use of serial or parallel architectures. Another kind of implementation philosophy is proposed here, by considering the active curve generated by a propagation phenomenon inspired from biological modeling. A programmable nonlinear reaction-diffusion system is proposed under front control and technological constraints. Geometric multiscale processin…

[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingComputer scienceNonlinear signal processingImage processing02 engineering and technology[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingType (model theory)Multiscale geometryComputational scienceImage analysisNonlinear signal processing[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingReaction–diffusion systemDigital image processing0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringComputer visionStructure (mathematical logic)Biological modelingbusiness.industry020208 electrical & electronic engineeringNonlinear systemSignal Processing020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusiness[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
researchProduct

Validation of a 2D multispectral camera: application to dermatology/cosmetology on a population covering five skin phototypes

2011

International audience; This paper presents the validation of a new multispectral camera specifically developed for dermatological application based on healthy participants from five different Skin PhotoTypes (SPT). The multispectral system provides images of the skin reflectance at different spectral bands, coupled with a neural network-based algorithm that reconstructs a hyperspectral cube of cutaneous data from a multispectral image. The flexibility of neural network based algorithm allows reconstruction at different wave ranges. The hyperspectral cube provides both high spectral and spatial information. The study population involves 150 healthy participants. The participants are classif…

[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingComputer sciencePopulationMultispectral imageSkin imaging system[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingspectral reflectance01 natural sciencesspectral reconstructionMultispectral pattern recognition010309 optics030207 dermatology & venereal diseases03 medical and health sciencesFitzpatrick scale0302 clinical medicine[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing0103 physical scienceseducationRemote sensingvalidationeducation.field_of_studyHyperspectral imagingSpectral bandshyperspectral cubemultispectral imageFace (geometry)Cube[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
researchProduct

A nonlinear oscillators network devoted to image processing

2004

A contrast enhancement and image inverting tool using a lattice of uncoupled nonlinear oscillators is proposed. We show theoretically and numerically that the gray scale picture contrast is strongly enhanced even if this one is initially very small. An image inversion can be also obtained in real time with the same Cellular Nonlinear Network (CNN) without reconfiguration of the network. A possible electronic implementation of this CNN is finally discussed.

[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingComputer science[ PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn]Image processing[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingCellular nonlinear networksTopology01 natural sciencesGrayscale010305 fluids & plasmasNonlinear oscillators[NLIN.NLIN-PS]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS][INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingControl theoryLattice (order)0103 physical sciences[ NLIN.NLIN-PS ] Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS][PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn]010306 general physicsEngineering (miscellaneous)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSArtificial neural networkApplied MathematicsControl reconfigurationInversion (meteorology)neural networks[ SPI.TRON ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectronicsNonlinear systemComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionModeling and SimulationNonlinear dynamics[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
researchProduct

Region-based segmentation on depth images from a 3D reference surface for tree species recognition.

2013

International audience; The aim of the work presented in this paper is to develop a method for the automatic identification of tree species using Terrestrial Light Detection and Ranging (T-LiDAR) data. The approach that we propose analyses depth images built from 3D point clouds corresponding to a 30 cm segment of the tree trunk in order to extract characteristic shape features used for classifying the different tree species using the Random Forest classifier. We will present the method used to transform the 3D point cloud to a depth image and the region based segmentation method used to segment the depth images before shape features are computed on the segmented images. Our approach has be…

[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingComputer science[INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingFeature extractionPoint cloudComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONScale-space segmentation[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing02 engineering and technology[ INFO.INFO-CV ] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV][INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Minimum spanning tree-based segmentation[STAT.AP] Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP][INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing[ INFO.INFO-TI ] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringSegmentationComputer vision[SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing[STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP]Contextual image classificationbusiness.industry[ STAT.AP ] Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP][INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]020207 software engineeringPattern recognitionImage segmentation15. Life on landdepth image segmentationRandom forestdepth images from 3D point cloudsIEEE[INFO.INFO-TI] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV][INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV]020201 artificial intelligence & image processingsingle tree species recognitionArtificial intelligenceRange segmentationbusiness[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingForest inventory
researchProduct