Search results for "SCATTERING"

showing 10 items of 8332 documents

Immunomodulatory Therapy of Inflammatory Liver Disease Using Selectin-Binding Glycopolymers

2017

Immunotherapies have the potential to significantly advance treatment of inflammatory disease and cancer, which are in large part driven by immune cells. Selectins control the first step in immune cell adhesion and extravasation, thereby guiding leukocyte trafficking to tissue lesions. We analyzed four different highly specific selectin-binding glycopolymers, based on linear poly(2-hydroxypropyl)-methacrylamide (PHPMA) polymers. These glycopolymers contain either the tetrasaccharide sialyl-LewisX (SLeX) or the individual carbohydrates fucose, galactose, and sialic acids mimicking the complex SLeX binding motive. The glycopolymers strongly bind to primary human macrophages, without activatin…

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_treatmentGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyFucoseImmunomodulationMice03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundImmune systemPolysaccharidesmedicineAnimalsHumansGeneral Materials ScienceCell adhesionCells CulturedInflammationBinding SitesbiologyChemistryLiver DiseasesGeneral EngineeringImmunotherapy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyDynamic Light ScatteringExtravasationIn vitro3. Good healthMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models Animal030104 developmental biologyBiochemistryConcanavalin ASelectinsbiology.proteinCancer researchCytokines0210 nano-technologySelectinACS Nano
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Mobility of a Mononucleotide within a Lipid Matrix: A Neutron Scattering Study

2017

International audience; An essential question in studies on the origins of life is how nucleic acids were first synthesized and then incorporated into compartments about 4 billion years ago. A recent discovery is that guided polymerization within organizing matrices could promote a non-enzymatic condensation reaction allowing the formation of RNA-like polymers, followed by encapsulation in lipid membranes. Here, we used neutron scattering and deuterium labelling to investigate 5'-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) molecules captured in a multilamellar phospholipid matrix. The aim of the research was to determine and compare how mononucleotides are captured and differently organized within matric…

0301 basic medicinemultilamellar lipid matrix[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph]neutron scattering; multilamellar lipid matrix; mononucleotide mobility; hydrationPhospholipidNeutron scattering010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyArticle03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMoleculelcsh:ScienceLipid bilayerEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicschemistry.chemical_classification[SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM]neutron scatteringPaleontologyPolymer0104 chemical sciencesmononucleotide mobility[SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM]030104 developmental biologyMembranechemistryBiochemistryDeuteriumPolymerizationSpace and Planetary ScienceChemical physicslcsh:Qlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)hydration
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Investigation on the Possibility of Designing an Educational Dynamic Light Scattering Device for Sizing Particles Suspended in Air

2019

Abstract If a light beam meets a fluid that contains scattering centers randomly distributed in suspension, light is scattered by each of them. If the light source is coherent, the scattered waves will be also coherent, therefore they will interfere. The fluctuations of the far-field interference signal, once recorded and digitized, become a time series that can be later on analyzed to produce the average size of the suspended particles or the size distribution. The technique wears the name of Dynamic Light Scattering. We present the results of our investigation on the possibility of using an educational model, made of low-cost, conventional electronics, for recording the time signal of lig…

0303 health sciences03 medical and health sciencesMaterials scienceGeneral interestDynamic light scatteringMechanical engineering02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0210 nano-technologySizing030304 developmental biologyBalkan Region Conference on Engineering and Business Education
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Ubiquitous Structural Signaling in Bacterial Phytochromes

2015

The phytochrome family of light-switchable proteins has long been studied by biochemical, spectroscopic and crystallographic means, while a direct probe for global conformational signal propagation has been lacking. Using solution X-ray scattering, we find that the photosensory cores of several bacterial phytochromes undergo similar large-scale structural changes upon red-light excitation. The data establish that phytochromes with ordinary and inverted photocycles share a structural signaling mechanism and that a particular conserved histidine, previously proposed to be involved in signal propagation, in fact tunes photoresponse.

0303 health sciencesBacteriaPhytochromeProtein dynamicsta1182BiologyX-ray scattering010402 general chemistryBioinformaticsphytochromes01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciences/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/clean_water_and_sanitation03 medical and health sciencesprotein dynamicsBiophysicsGeneral Materials SciencePhytochromePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySignal transductionSDG 6 - Clean Water and SanitationHistidinesignal transduction030304 developmental biologyJournal of Physical Chemistry Letters
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Nonlinear femtosecond pulse propagation in an all-solid photonic bandgap fiber

2009

Nonlinear femtosecond pulse propagation in an all-solid photonic bandgap fiber is experimentally and numerically investigated. Guiding light in such fiber occurs via two mechanisms: photonic bandgap in the central silica core or total internal reflection in the germanium doped inclusions. By properly combining spectral filtering, dispersion tailoring and pump coupling into the fiber modes, we experimentally demonstrate efficient supercontinuum generation with controllable spectral bandwidth.

060.2400;190.4370Materials scienceOptical fiberPhysics::OpticsPolarization-maintaining optical fiber02 engineering and technologySensitivity and Specificity01 natural sciences7. Clean energyGraded-index fiberlaw.invention010309 opticsCondensed Matter::Materials Science020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticslaw0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringScattering RadiationDispersion-shifted fiberNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsOptical FibersPhotonic crystalPhotonsbusiness.industryLasersReproducibility of ResultsSignal Processing Computer-AssistedEquipment DesignMicrostructured optical fiberAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSupercontinuumEquipment Failure AnalysisNonlinear DynamicsComputer-Aided DesignOptoelectronicsbusinessElectromagnetic pulse; energy gap; fibersPhotonic-crystal fiber
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Rho resonance, timelike pion form factor, and implications for lattice studies of the hadronic vacuum polarization

2020

We study isospin-1 P-wave ππ scattering in lattice QCD with two flavors of O(a) improved Wilson fermions. For pion masses ranging from mπ=265 MeV to mπ=437 MeV, we determine the energy spectrum in the center-of-mass frame and in three moving frames. We obtain the scattering phase shifts using Lüscher’s finite-volume quantization condition. Fitting the dependence of the phase shifts on the scattering momentum to a Breit-Wigner form allows us to determine the corresponding ρ mass mρ and gρππ coupling. By combining the scattering phase shifts with the decay matrix element of the vector current, we calculate the timelike pion form factor, Fπ, and compare the results to the Gounaris-Sakurai repr…

1 [isospin]Particle physicsdecay constant [rho(770)]High Energy Physics::Latticeclover [fermion]energy spectrumFOS: Physical sciencesWilson [quark]01 natural sciencesphase shiftHigh Energy Physics - LatticePionvector [correlation function]Charge radius0103 physical sciencesmagnetic moment [muon]quantum chromodynamicsmass [rho(770)]hadronic [vacuum polarization]ddc:530Vacuum polarizationflavor: 2 [quark]010306 general physicsnumerical calculationscharge radius [pi]PhysicsMuonAnomalous magnetic dipole moment010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)scatteringlattice field theoryLattice QCDFermionBreit-Wignermass dependence [quark]form factor [pi]effect [finite size]vector [current]quantizationPhysical Review D
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"Table 2" of "The $e^+ e^-\to 2(\pi^+\pi^-)\pi^0$, 2(\pi^+\pi^-)\eta$, $K^+ K^-\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ and $K^+ K^-\pi^+\pi^-\eta$ Cross Sections Measured w…

2007

Measured cross section for E+ E- --> ETA PI+ PI- with statistical errors only.

1.025-2.975Electron productionE+ E- ScatteringIntegrated Cross SectionE+ E- --> ETA PI+ PI-ExclusiveHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentCross SectionNuclear ExperimentSIG
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"Table 1" of "The e+ e- ---> 3(pi+ pi-), 2(pi+ pi- pi0) and K+ K- 2(pi+ pi-) cross sections at center-of-mass energies from production threshold t…

2006

The cross section for E+ E- --> 3PI+ 3PI- as measured with the ISR data. Errors are statistical only.

1.312-4.487E+ E- ScatteringIntegrated Cross SectionExclusiveE+ E- --> PI+ PI+ PI+ PI- PI- PI-Cross SectionSIG
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"Table 3" of "Cross Sections for the Reactions e+e- --> K+ K- pi+pi-, K+ K- pi0pi0, and K+ K- K+ K- Measured Using Initial-State Radiation Events"

2013

Cross section measurements for the reaction E+ E- --> PHI PI+ PI-. Statistical errors only.

1.4875-2.8625E+ E- --> PHI PI+ PI-E+ E- ScatteringIntegrated Cross SectionExclusiveCross SectionNuclear ExperimentSIG
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"Table 4" of "The $e^+ e^-\to 2(\pi^+\pi^-)\pi^0$, 2(\pi^+\pi^-)\eta$, $K^+ K^-\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ and $K^+ K^-\pi^+\pi^-\eta$ Cross Sections Measured w…

2007

Measured cross section for E+ E- --> OMEGA F0(975) with statistical errors only.

1.7-2.475E+ E- ScatteringIntegrated Cross SectionExclusiveCross SectionSIGE+ E- --> OMEGA F0(975)
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