Search results for "SCID"

Radiative Shocks in Rotating Accretion Flows around Black Holes

2004

It is well known that the rotating inviscid accretion flows with adequate injection parameters around black holes could form shock waves close to the black holes, after the flow passes through the outer sonic point and can be virtually stopped by the centrifugal force. We examine numerically such shock waves in 1D and 2D accretion flows, taking account of cooling and heating of the gas and radiation transport. The numerical results show that the shock location shifts outward compared with that in the adiabatic solutions and that the more rarefied ambient density leads to the more outward shock location. In the 2D-flow, we find an intermediate frequency QPO behavior of the shock location as …

On a rough perturbation of the Navier-Stokes system and its vorticity formulation

2019

We introduce a rough perturbation of the Navier-Stokes system and justify its physical relevance from balance of momentum and conservation of circulation in the inviscid limit. We present a framework for a well-posedness analysis of the system. In particular, we define an intrinsic notion of solution based on ideas from the rough path theory and study the system in an equivalent vorticity formulation. In two space dimensions, we prove that well-posedness and enstrophy balance holds. Moreover, we derive rough path continuity of the equation, which yields a Wong-Zakai result for Brownian driving paths, and show that for a large class of driving signals, the system generates a continuous rando…

Microscopic features of the tunic in young Styela canopus (Tunicata, Styelidae)

The tunic is a unique tissue in metazoans covering the epidermis of ascidians and other tunicates. The tunic is a multifunctional tissue that provides support, mechanical rigidity, and protection against infection and predation. The outermost surface of it is covered by a thin continuous layer called tunic cuticle. The tunic cuticle density and integrity must be maintained during the growth of the animal after metamorphosis, as it represents the primary body surface barrier preventing the mechanical damage. Using transmission electronic microscopy we attempted to characterize the cuticle morphology of young Styela canopus, a solitary ascidian (Styelidae), in comparison with the cuticle arch…

Chronic myeloid leukemia-derived exosomes promote tumor growth through an autocrine mechanism.

2014

Background Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder in which leukemic cells display a reciprocal t(9:22) chromosomal translocation that results in the formation of the chimeric BCR-ABL oncoprotein, with a constitutive tyrosine kinase activity. Consequently, BCR-ABL causes increased proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, and altered adhesion of leukemic blasts to the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. It has been well documented that cancer cells can generate their own signals in order to sustain their growth and survival, and recent studies have revealed the role of cancer-derived exosomes in activating signal transduction pathways involved in cancer cell…

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel aminobisphosphonates possessing an in vivo antitumor activity through a gammadelta-T lymphocyte…

2008

A small series of aminobisphosphonates (N-BPs) structurally related to zoledronic acid was synthesized with the aim of improving activity toward activation of human gammadelta T cells and in turn their in vivo antitumor activity. The absence of the 1-OH moiety, together with the position and the different basicity of the nitrogen, appears crucial for antitumor activity. In comparison to zoledronic acid, compound 6a shows a greater ability to activate gammadelta T cells expression (100 times more) and a proapoptotic effect that is better than zoledronic acid. The potent activation of gammadelta T cells, in addition to evidence of the in vivo antitumor activity of 6a, suggests it may be a new…

Development of spontaneous airway changes consistent with human asthma in mice lacking T-bet.

2002

Human asthma is associated with airway infiltration by T helper 2 (TH2) lymphocytes. We observed reduced expression of the TH1 transcription factor, T-bet, in T cells from airways of patients with asthma compared with that in T cells from airways of nonasthmatic patients, suggesting that loss of T-bet might be associated with asthma. Mice with a targeted deletion of the T-bet gene and severe combined immunodeficient mice receiving CD4+cells from T-bet knockout mice spontaneously demonstrated multiple physiological and inflammatory features characteristic of asthma. Thus, T-bet deficiency, in the absence of allergen exposure, induces a murine phenotype reminiscent of both acute and chronic h…

Early stages of test formation in larva of Ascidia malaca (Tunicata, Ascidiacea): ultrastructural and cytochemical investigations.

2003

Abstract The swimming larvae of ascidians are entirely covered by a hyalin coat called tunic, or test. This covering consists of two cuticular layers, C 1 and C 2 , which surround an inner compartment composed of an amorphous hyalin matrix with numerous fibrils dispersed inside. Data from the literature agree on the key role played by the cells of the larval ectodermic layer in the synthesis and secretion of larval test components. In the present article are reported ultrastructural and cytochemical investigations made during test formation in the swimming larva of Ascidia malaca . Besides confirming the role played by ectodermic cells during the early stages of test formation, the investig…

A Unified Perspective on the Dynamics of Axisymmetric Hurricanes and Monsoons

2006

Abstract This paper provides a unified perspective on the dynamics of hurricane- and monsoonlike vortices by identifying them as specific limiting cases of a more general flow system. This more general system is defined as stationary axisymmetric balanced flow of a stably stratified non-Boussinesq atmosphere on the f plane. The model is based on the primitive equations assuming gradient wind balance in the radial momentum equation. The flow is forced by heating in the vortex center, which is implemented as relaxation toward a specified equilibrium temperature Te. The flow is dissipated through surface friction, and it is assumed to be almost inviscid in the interior. The heating is assumed …

In Vitro Cultured Islet‐Derived Progenitor Cells of Human Origin Express Human Albumin in Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Mouse Liver In Vivo

2004

Studies in rodents suggest the presence of a hepatopancreatic stem cell in adult pancreas that may give rise to liver cells in vivo. The aim of the present study was to determine the ability of human islet-derived cells to adopt a hepatic phenotype in vivo. Cultured human islet-derived progenitor cells that did not express albumin in vitro were stained with the red fluorescent dye PKH26 and injected into the liver of severe combined immunodeficiency mice. After 3 or 12 weeks, red fluorescent cells were detected in 11 of 15 livers and were mostly single cells that were well integrated into the liver tissue. Human albumin was found in 8 of 11 animals by immunohistochemistry, and human albumin…

Use of a Genetically Engineered Strain To Evaluate the Pathogenic Potential of Yeast Cell and Filamentous Forms duringCandida albicansSystemic Infect…

2007

ABSTRACTThe pathogenesis ofCandida albicanssystemic infection is complex and results from the balance between its intrinsic virulence attributes and the host immune responses. Morphogenetic transitions between yeast cell and filamentous forms are considered one of the main virulence attributes inC. albicans. We have examined the pathogenesis of a genetically engineeredC. albicansstrain in which morphogenetic conversions can be externally manipulated in immunodeficient mice; these included B-cell deficient, nude (T cell deficient), SCID (lacking both functional T and B cells), and DBA/2N (C5 deficient with impaired neutrophil activity) mice. We also tested mice severely immunosuppressed by c…