Search results for "SCINTILLATOR"

showing 10 items of 172 documents

The Gamma Cube: a new way to explore the gamma-ray sky

2015

International audience; We propose a new concept to allow the tracking of electrons in a gamma-ray telescope operating in the 5–100 MeV band. The idea of this experiment is to image the ionizing tracks that charged particles produce in a scintillator. It is a pair creation telescope at high energy and a Compton telescope with electron tracking at low energy. The telescope features a large scintillator transparent to the scintillation light, an ad-hoc optical system and a high resolution and highly sensitive imager. The performance perspectives and the advantages of such a system are outstanding but the technical difficulties are serious. A few years of research and development within the sc…

PhysicsScintillationbusiness.industryCompton telescopemedia_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGamma ray[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingScintillatorTracking (particle physics)7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesCharged particlelaw.invention010309 opticsTelescopeOpticslawSky0103 physical sciencesbusiness010303 astronomy & astrophysics[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingmedia_common[SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
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First coincidences in pre-clinical Compton camera prototype for medical imaging

2003

Abstract Compton collimated imaging may improve the detection of gamma rays emitted by radioisotopes used in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). We present a crude prototype consisting of a single 500 μm thick, 256 pad silicon detector with pad size of 1.4×1.4 mm 2 , combined with a 15×15×1 cm 3 NaI scintillator crystal coupled to a set of 20 photo multipliers. Emphasis is placed on the performance of the silicon detector and the associated read-out electronics, which has so far proved to be the most challenging part of the set-up. Results were obtained using the VATAGP3, 128 channel low-noise self-triggering ASIC as the silicon detector's front-end. The noise distribution (…

PhysicsSingle photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotonbusiness.industryPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGamma rayCompton scatteringScintillatorCollimated lightFull width at half maximum87.58.Ce; 29.40.GxOpticsSilicon pad detectorsCoincidentTracking and position-sensitive detectorsMedical imaging[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]businessInstrumentationNoise (radio)Compton camera
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Searches for neutrinoless resonant double electron captures at LNGS

2012

Several experiments were performed during last years at underground (3600 m w.e.) Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of the INFN (Italy) to search for resonant 2$\varepsilon0\nu$ captures in 96Ru, 106Cd, 136Ce, 156Dy, 158Dy, 180W, 184Os, 190Pt with the help of HP Ge semiconductor detectors, and ZnWO4 and 106CdWO4 crystal scintillators. No evidence for r-2$\varepsilon0\nu$ decays was found, and only T_{1/2} limits were established in the range of 10^{14}-10^{21} yr.

Physicsdouble beta decay; low background physics;HistoryRange (particle radiation)low background physicsdouble beta decayFOS: Physical sciencesElectronScintillatorComputer Science ApplicationsEducationSemiconductor detectorSettore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e SubnucleareCrystalNuclear physicsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear Experiment
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Enhancement of Bremsstrahlung Radiation Generated by Electron Beam Interaction in an Axially-Oriented Scintillator Crystal (Poster)

2019

Since their discovery, scintillator materials have played an important role in nuclear and particle physics, as well as in medical and industrial imaging. [...]

Physics::Computational PhysicsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsBremsstrahlunglcsh:AScintillatorComputer Science::Numerical AnalysisIndustrial imagingCrystalOpticsn/aCathode raylcsh:General WorksbusinessAxial symmetryProceedings
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The on-orbit calibration of DArk Matter Particle Explorer

2019

Abstract The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE), a satellite-based cosmic ray and gamma-ray detector, was launched on December 17, 2015, and began its on-orbit operation on December 24, 2015. In this work we document the on-orbit calibration procedures used by DAMPE and report the calibration results of the Plastic Scintillator strip Detector (PSD), the Silicon-Tungsten tracKer-converter (STK), the BGO imaging calorimeter (BGO), and the Neutron Detector (NUD). The results are obtained using Galactic cosmic rays, bright known GeV gamma-ray sources, and charge injection into the front-end electronics of each sub-detector. The determination of the boundary of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA…

Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDark matterFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayScintillator01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)0103 physical sciencesNeutron detectionDark MatterInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsCalorimeter (particle physics)010308 nuclear & particles physicsDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleGamma rayAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsCosmic RaysSouth Atlantic AnomalyHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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Characterization of a new plastic scintillation material and comparison with liquid BC-501A scintillator

2015

In this work the capability of various scintillation materials to discriminate gamma rays and neutrons were studied. Also such basic properties of scintillators as light emission spectrum and light output were determined. The studied materials were BC-501A liquid scintillator and a plastic scintillator provided by CEA. An experimental setup consisting of detector shielding, analog and digital electronics and data acquisition system was built to study the neutron-gamma discrimination properties of the scintillation materials. Pulse shape discrimination (PSD) technique was utilized. A computer code with a PSD algorithm was written. This code integrates the scintillation pulse waveforms over s…

Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPSDScintillator
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Performance of tracking stations of the underground cosmic-ray detector array EMMA

2018

Abstract The new cosmic-ray experiment EMMA operates at the depth of 75 m (50 GeV cutoff energy for vertical muons; 210 m.w.e.) in the Pyhasalmi mine, Finland. The underground infrastructure consists of a network of eleven stations equipped with multi-layer, position-sensitive detectors. EMMA is designed for cosmic-ray composition studies around the energy range of the knee, i.e., for primary particles with energies between 1 and 10 PeV. In order to yield significant new results EMMA must be able to record data in the full configuration for about three years. The key to the success of the experiment is the performance of its tracking stations. In this paper we describe the layout of EMMA an…

Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenatutkimuslaitteetHigh-energy muonsCosmic rayScintillatorTracking (particle physics)01 natural sciencesOpticscosmic rays0103 physical sciencesAngular resolutiondrift chambersUnderground experimentCosmic rays010303 astronomy & astrophysicsImage resolutionPhysicsMuonDrift chambersta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorAstronomy and Astrophysicshigh-energy muonsilmaisimetunderground experimentScintillation counterPlastic scintillation detectorsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentbusinesskosminen säteilyMuon trackingmuon trackingplastic scintillation detectorsAstroparticle Physics
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Ultracompact x-ray dosimeter based on scintillators coupled to a nano-optical antenna

2017

International audience; We show that nano-optical antennas are capable of controlling the luminescence induced by the absorption of x rays into matter. The x-ray-excited luminescence from a tiny scintillation cluster coupled to a horn nano-optical antenna is highly directed and determined by the antenna’s geometrical parameters. Directionality is sufficiently high to efficiently outcouple the x-ray-excited luminescence to a narrow single-mode optical fiber, thus enabling ultracompact fiber-integrated x-ray sensors. Our nano-optically driven approach offers the possibility of x-ray profiling and dosimetry in ultra-confined environments, opening up new avenues in the fields of x-ray imaging, …

Point spread functionOptical fiberMaterials scienceAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyScintillator01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsOpticslaw0103 physical sciences[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS[PHYS]Physics [physics]Scintillation[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Dosimeterbusiness.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAntenna (radio)0210 nano-technologybusinessLuminescence
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Compact Method for Proton Range Verification Based on Coaxial Prompt Gamma-Ray Monitoring: a Theoretical Study

2020

Range uncertainties in proton therapy hamper treatment precision. Prompt gamma-rays were suggested 16 years ago for real-time range verification, and have already shown promising results in clinical studies with collimated cameras. Simultaneously, alternative imaging concepts without collimation are investigated to reduce the footprint and price of current prototypes. In this manuscript, a compact range verification method is presented. It monitors prompt gamma-rays with a single scintillation detector positioned coaxially to the beam and behind the patient. Thanks to the solid angle effect, proton range deviations can be derived from changes in the number of gamma-rays detected per proton,…

Range (particle radiation)Protonbusiness.industryComputer scienceDetectorFOS: Physical sciencesScintillatorPhysics - Medical PhysicsArticleAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsParticle detectorCollimated lightRadiació030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOptics030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical Physics (physics.med-ph)CoaxialbusinessInstrumentationProton therapyDetectors de radiació
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A high-resolution PET demonstrator using a silicon "magnifying glass".

2021

Abstract To assist ongoing investigations of the limits of the tradeoff between spatial resolution and noise in PET imaging, several PET instruments based on silicon-pad detectors have been developed. The latest is a segment of a dual-ring device to demonstrate that excellent reconstructed image resolution can be achieved with a scanner that uses highresolution detectors placed close to the object of interest or surrounding a small field-of-view in combination with detectors having modest resolution at larger radius. The outer ring of our demonstrator comprises conventional BGO block detectors scavenged from a clinical PET scanner and located at a 500 mm radius around a 50 mm diameter field…

ScannerPhotonSiliconchemistry.chemical_elementScintillatorPhysics and Astronomy(all)01 natural sciencesArticle030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticssilicon detectors0103 physical sciencesDetectors and Experimental Techniquesmagnifying PETImage resolutionPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorResolution (electron density)high-resolution imagingRadiusPETchemistrybusinessPhysics procedia
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