Search results for "SCOPE"

Resistance to bond degradation between dual-cure resin cements and pre-treated sintered CAD-CAM dental ceramics

2012

Objective: To evaluate the bond stability of resin cements when luted to glass-reinforced alumina and zirconia CAD/CAM dental ceramics. Study design: Eighteen glass-infiltrated alumina and eighteen densely sintered zirconia blocks were randomly conditioned as follows: Group 1: No treatment; Group 2: Sandblasting (125 µm Al2O3-particles); and Group 3: Silica-coating (50 µm silica-modified Al2O3-particles). Composite samples were randomly bonded to the pre-treated ceramic surfaces using different resin cements: Subgroup 1: Clearfil Esthetic Cement (CEC); Subgroup 2: RelyX Unicem (RXU); and Subgroup 3: Calibra (CAL). After 24 h, bonded specimens were cut into 1 ± 0.1 mm2 sticks. One-half of th…

Effects of femtosecond laser and other surface treatments on the bond strength of metallic and ceramic orthodontic brackets to zirconia.

2017

Femtosecond laser has been proposed as a method for conditioning zirconia surfaces to boost bond strength. However, metallic or ceramic bracket bonding to femtosecond lasertreated zirconia surfaces has not been tested. This study compared the effects of four conditioning techniques, including femtosecond laser irradiation, on shear bond strength (SBS) of metallic and ceramic brackets to zirconia.Three hundred zirconia plates were divided into five groups: 1) control (C); 2) sandblasting (APA); 3) silica coating and silane (SC); 4) femtosecond laser (FS); 5) sandblasting followed by femtosecond laser (APA+SC). A thermal imaging camera measured temperature changes in the zirconia during irrad…

Growth of nano-porous Pt-doped cerium oxide thin films on glassy carbon substrate

2013

Abstract Glassy carbon (GC) substrates were treated by the oxygen plasma over several periods of time. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) study showed the dramatic influence of oxygen plasma on the morphology of glassy carbon. The treatment leads to the formation of nanostructured surface, which consists of well separated rod-like nanostructures oriented perpendicularly to the substrate surface. The surface roughness was found to increase with increasing treatment time. By using magnetron co-sputtering of platinum and cerium oxide we can prepare oxide layers continuously doped with Pt atoms during the growth. This tec…

Is it time to broaden the scope of fertility-sparing treatments for early-stage cervical cancer?

2020

Fall and Decline

2014

Similarly as in case of trade marks, IGOs have their rises and falls depending on the intensity of their use, character of such usage, and the activity of interested persons. Also as with trade marks, rises and falls of IGOs are characterised in terms of the level of their recognition among consumers influencing the scope of their protection. For these reasons, IGOs may be protected insofar they are capable of fulfilling their function, i.e. to distinguish the geographical origin of goods and services in question. Only when a particular geographical designation fulfils that function of an IGO, it is possible to discuss its protection within any of the protection models of IGOs.

ChemInform Abstract: Coupled Semiconductor Systems for Photocatalysis. Preparation and Characterization of Polycrystalline Mixed WO3/WS2 Powders.

2010

Mixed WO3/WS2 powders were prepared by oxidation of WS2. The physical properties of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy; they were strongly dependent upon the time and temperature of oxidation. The chemical state and the elemental distribution of the sample surface were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photocatalytic results have showed that the aqueous suspensions of the mixed WO3/WS2 systems have significantly higher activities than pure WS2 and WO3 for the photodegradation of phenol. The enhanced performance can be related to the presence of heterojunctions WO3/WS2 on the single parti…

Large-Cavity Coronoids with Different Inner and Outer Edge Structures

2020

Coronoids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with geometrically defined cavities, are promising model structures of porous graphene. Here, we report the on-surface synthesis of C168 and C140 coronoids, referred to as [6]- and [5]coronoid, respectively, using 5,9-dibromo-14-phenylbenzo[m]tetraphene as the precursor. These coronoids entail large cavities (>1 nm) with inner zigzag edges, distinct from their outer armchair edges. While [6]coronoid is planar, [5]coronoid is not. Low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and noncontact atomic force microscopy unveil structural and electronic properties in accordance with those obtained from density functional theory calculation…

Heteroeptiaxial growth of alloy monolayers on W(110)

2005

Abstract We studied the initial growth of Co 1 - x Fe x films on W(1 1 0) using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM and STS), in combination with low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). For Co-rich alloys the deposition at room temperature followed by high-temperature annealing is not equivalent to the deposition at high substrate temperatures, in contrast to the case of Fe-rich alloys. While room temperature deposition results in a structure consisting of small islands even after annealing, deposition at high substrate temperatures leads to large coalesced areas. Sequential deposition of pure Co and pure Fe results in phase separated areas of Co- and Fe-rich areas. Only, in…

Confocal microscopy of single molecules of the green fluorescent protein

1998

Single molecule detection has been extended into life sciences by use of strongly fluorescent labels. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a self-fluorescent biomolecule has attracted considerable attention. Here, single molecules of the GFP-mutant Glu222Gln are immobilized in a polyvinylalcohol matrix and detected by confocal fluorescence microscopy. Although this mutant stabilizes one of both conformers of the wild-type GFP, the investigation of its fluorescence dynamics reveals strong signal fluctuations. This fluorescence behaviour is—at least partly—caused by reversible photochemical changes of the protein framework, that can relax into the fluorescent state on different timescales. …

Micro-analytical identification of the components of varnishes from South Italian historical musical instruments by PLM, ESEM-EDX, microFTIR, GC-MS, …

2014

Abstract A multi-analytical investigation was carried out to study varnish micro-samples from historical stringed musical instruments from the collection of the “Vincenzo Bellini” Conservatory in Palermo (Italy). This paper reports on the results of the application of five micro-destructive techniques: optical microscopy analysis of cross-sections, micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, pyrolysis gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry with thermochemolysis, and environmental scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis. The study provides microchemical information about the composition of the varnishes of the ins…