Search results for "SD"

Hard to catch: Experimental evidence supports evasive mimicry

2021

Most research on aposematism has focused on chemically defended prey, but the signalling difficulty of capture remains poorly explored. Similar to classical Batesian and Müllerian mimicry related to distastefulness, such ‘evasive aposematism' may also lead to convergence in warning colours, known as evasive mimicry. A prime candidate group for evasive mimicry areAdelphabutterflies, which are agile insects and show remarkable colour pattern convergence. We tested the ability of naive blue tits to learn to avoid and generalizeAdelphawing patterns associated with the difficulty of capture and compared their response to that of birds that learned to associate the same wing patterns with distast…

Controversies in ameloblastoma management: Evaluation of decision making, based on a retrospective analysis

2020

Background The ameloblastoma management is still challenging to the high recurrence rates and significant morbidity associated with radical treatment. The purpose of this 10-year retrospective study was to analyze the influence of ameloblastoma type and treatment strategy on the long-term outcomes and recurrence rates. Material and Methods The retrospective analyses of 64 histologically-confirmed ameloblastoma cases was performed. The possible risk factors for recurrence and the development of complications were estimated statistically. Results The treatment strategy applied for this group of patients was the following: thirty-four patients (53.1%) were treated conservatively with enucleati…

Influence of microbial diversity on soil organic carbon dynamics highlighted by a 13C-labelling technique

2012

Soil organic matter (SOM) represents the main pool of carbon within the biosphere, estimated at roughly twice that in atmospheric CO2. In agrosystems, organic amendments are common to maintain soil C stocks. However, recent studies have revealed that these practices can lead to a priming effect, corresponding to enhanced release of CO2 into the atmosphere, due to over-mineralisation of soil organic carbon. Therefore, appropriate decisions regarding organic input management require better understanding of the biogeochemical cycles related to SOM dynamics. As soil microorganisms are major actors in SOM turnover, their diversity is likely to influence SOM dynamics. In this context, the relatio…

Soil microbial networks: what is the relationship with plants?

2020

International audience; Since a long time, the interactions between soil microbes and plant roots are intensively investigated to decipher the role of microorganisms in the growth and the maintenance of plants in a multitude of environmental conditions as climatic stress, agricultural practices or pathogenic/parasitic invasions. Beyond their intimate relationships, the soil microbial communities influence and are influenced by the aboveground vegetation. The interaction/co-occurrence networks are a relatively new look on the soil microbial communities. This look integrates the most comprehensively the community complexity, provides a more complete information on the community and seems to b…

The Clock'N Test as a Possible Measure of Emotions: Normative Data Collected on a Non-clinical Population.

2016

International audience; Objective: At present emotional experience and implicit emotion regulation (IER) abilities are mainly assessed though self -reports, which are subjected to several biases. The aim of the present studies was to validate the Clock'N test, a recently developed time estimation task employing emotional priming to assess implicitly emotional reactivity and IER. Methods: In Study 1, the Clock' N test was administered to 150 healthy participants with different age, laterality and gender, in order to ascertain whether these factors affected the test results. In phase 1 participant were asked to judge the duration of seven sounds. In phase 2, before judging the duration of the…

Elaboration of a list of substances of interest as regards to a potential endocrine activity and prioritisation strategy for assessment

2021

Endocrine Disruptor Chemicals (EDCs) are substances that alter function(s) of the endocrine system and consequently cause adverse health effects. The endocrine system consists of many cells and tissues that interact with each other and the rest of the body by means ofhormones. This system is responsible for controlling a large number of processes in the body from gamete formation, to conception and early developmental processes such as organogenesis, and to most tissue and organ functions throughout life. EDCs interfere withendocrine function by many ways and, in doing so, lead to adverse effects on the health of humans and/or wildlife. Some of the observed health effects associated with ED…

Tutele e coordinamento nei procedimenti amministrativi europei delle comunicazioni elettroniche

2013

Pressure support ventilation + sigh in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure patients: Study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial, the PROT…

2018

Background Adding cyclic short sustained inflations (sigh) to assisted ventilation yields optimizes lung recruitment, decreases heterogeneity and reduces inspiratory effort in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF). These findings suggest that adding sigh to pressure support ventilation (PSV) might decrease the risk of lung injury, shorten weaning and improve clinical outcomes. Thus, we conceived a pilot trial to test the feasibility of adding sigh to PSV (the PROTECTION study). Methods PROTECTION is an international randomized controlled trial that will be conducted in 23 intensive care units (ICUs). Patients with AHRF who have been intubated from 24 h to 7 days and under…

Processus attentionnels et apprentissage moteur

2012

International audience; Le but de cet article est de synthétiser les travaux portant sur les effets de l’attention volontaire sur l’apprentissage d’une habileté motrice. Les premiers modèles d’apprentissage considèrent que l’apprenant franchit plusieurs étapes au cours desquelles la sollicitation des processus attentionnels diminue (Fitts & Posner, 1967). Ainsi, la réalisation d’un mouvement nécessiterait d’engager de l’attention en début d’apprentissage alors qu’elle serait automatique en fin d’apprentissage. Cet article propose de vérifier cette affirmation au regard des recherches récentes qui révèlent que l’apprenant débutant module volontairement son attention a fin d’optimiser la réal…

Peut-on concilier un faible usage de pesticides, une bonne performance économique et environnementale ? Analyse d’un réseau national de fermes de dém…

2017

Feeding an increasing world population with a sustainable agriculture is one of the greatest challenges of this century. The reduction of the reliance on pesticides is a critical aspect in this quest for sustainability. Whether cropping systems with reduced reliance on pesticides would be able to reconcile the various components of sustainability remains however a matter of debate. Are they as productive and profitable than current mainstream cropping systems? Here the objective is to study the feasibility of a reduced reliance on pesticides in France. We used a unique dataset from a national network of more than thousand arable commercial farms between 2009 and 2011. Launched in the framew…