Search results for "SD"

Evolution des paysages Sahélines au cours des six dernières décennies dans la région de Niamey : de la disparition de la brousse tigrée à l'encroutem…

2010

In the Sahel, the rapid increase of the population during the last decades and the climate variation lead to an important environmental degradation. This work aims to measure the impacts of the human pressure on ecosystem during the six last decades. A diachronic cartography of a 100 km² area close to Niamey was done with aerial photographs (1950 and 1975) and GPS measurements (2009). Results showed that the tiger bush vegetation was completely cleared between 1950 and 2009 while the fallow decreases from 7 % to 1 %. In the sandy valley, the increase of cultivated fields from 20,7 % (1950) to 69,4 % (1975) favoured wind and water erosions which allowed surface soil crusting. Between 1975 an…

Stratigraphie séquentielle et architecture sédimentaire haute résolution de l'Oolithe Blanche du Bassin Parisien

2013

La formation carbonatée de l'Oolithe Blanche (Bathonien) du Bassin de Paris est, avec le Trias, un aquifère salin profond majeur qui présente un potentiel réservoir important et reconnu, notamment via l'exploitation géothermique ou les grands projets de recherche dans le domaine du stockage géologique du CO2. Elle a été largement étudiée d'un point de vue sédimentologique et stratigraphique en particulier sur les affleurements de Bourgogne (Floquet et al., 1989 ; Garcia et Sambet, 1994 ; Gaumet et al., 1996 ; Gaumet, 1997). Ces études ont permis de définir un profil de dépôt de type rampe carbonatée qui varie entre une rampe ouverte et une rampe barrée, permettant le développement d'un doma…

Caractérisation de la résistance non liée à la cible aux herbicides inhibiteurs de l'Acétyl-coenzyme A carboxylase chez le vulpin des champs (Alopecu…

2009

L’objectif de cette étude était de tenter de caractériser le déterminisme génétique de la résistance non liée à la cible aux herbicides inhibiteurs de l’acétyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) chez le vulpin des champs (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. ). Ce travail a révélé plusieurs niveaux de complexité de ce trait fonctionnel : au niveau de la population : des mécanismes de résistance non liée à la cible sélectionnés par d’autres inhibiteurs de l’ACCase, voire par des herbicides ayant un autre mode d’action, confèrent une résistance croisée et/ou multiple au pinoxaden, un inhibiteur de l’ACCase qui n’est pas encore commercialisé en France. Une résistance croisée et/ou multiple aux deux inhib…

Safety and immunogenicity of the PRAME cancer immunotherapeutic in metastatic melanoma: results of a phase I dose escalation study

2016

Purpose The PRAME tumour antigen is expressed in several tumour types but in few normal adult tissues. A dose-escalation phase I/II study (NCT01149343) assessed the safety, immunogenicity and clinical activity of the PRAME immunotherapeutic (recombinant PRAME protein (recPRAME) with the AS15 immunostimulant) in patients with advanced melanoma. Here, we report the phase I dose-escalation study segment. Patients and methods Patients with stage IV PRAME-positive melanoma were enrolled to 3 consecutive cohorts to receive up to 24 intramuscular injections of the PRAME immunotherapeutic. The RecPRAME dose was 20, 100 or 500 µg in cohorts 1, 2 and 3, respectively, with a fixed dose of AS15. Advers…

A sustainable city environment through child safety and mobility:A challenge based on ITS?

2012

Our cities should be designed to accommodate everybody, including children. We will not move toward a more sustainable society unless we accept that children are people with transportation needs, and ‘bussing’ them around, or providing parental limousine services at all times, will not lead to sustainability. Rather, we will need to make our cities walkable for children, at least those above a certain age. Safety has two main aspects, traffic safety and personal safety (risk of assault). Besides being safe, children will also need an urban environment with reasonable mobility, where they themselves can reach destinations with reasonable effort; else they will still need to be driven. This p…

Safety and immunogenicity of the therapeutic vaccine TG1050 in chronic hepatitis B patients: a phase 1b placebo-controlled trial

2020

Funding: Transgène; International audience; Treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) typically requires life-long administration of drugs. Cohort and pre-clinical studies have established the link between a functional T-cell-mounted immunity and resolution of infection. TG1050 is an adenovirus 5-based vaccine that expresses HBV polymerase and domains of core and surface antigen and has shown immunogenicity and antiviral effects in mice. We performed a phase 1 clinical trial to assess safety and explore immunogenicity and early efficacy of TG1050 in CHB patients. This randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study included two sequential phases: one single dose cohort (SD, n = 12) and one …

Efficacy of Long-Term Treatment of Autosomal Recessive Hypercholesterolemia With Lomitapide: A Subanalysis of the Pan-European Lomitapide Study

2022

Backgroundand aim: Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) metabolism caused by pathogenic variants in the LDLRAP1 gene. Like homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, ARH is resistant to conventional LDL-lowering medications and causes a high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs) and aortic valve stenosis. Lomitapide is emerging as an efficacious therapy in classical HoFH, but few data are available for ARH.Results: This is a subanalysis carried out on nine ARH patients included in the Pan-European Lomitapide Study. The age at starting lomitapide was 46 (interquartile range (IQR), 39.0–65.5) y…

Can the odours modulate salivation? Impact of the nature of the odorant

2015

Introduction :Saliva plays numerous roles in the oral cavity, especially in digestion and taste perception. It is well admitted that tastants are effective stimuli of salivation and that the salivary response (flow and composition) depends on the nature of the tastant. However, the impact of odours on salivation is poorly known and not consensual. Odours are the first chemical signal informing about food palatability before ingestion. In this context, it is necessary to understand if the salivary secretions are modulated in function of this sensory signal. The aim of this study is to compare the salivary flow response after stimulation by different odours having different hedonic values.Mat…

New insight on the role of the oral mucosa in aroma release

2017

Optimization of saliva sample preparation and analysis for identification of protein biomarkers

2018

National audience