Search results for "SECTOR"
showing 10 items of 1051 documents
Do agglomeration economies are lower for polluting sectors?
2019
This article explore how the relation between productivity and local city-size can be mitigated by pollution. More specifically, we estimate agglomeration economies considering a new source of heterogeneity among industries: the degree of pollution. Due to pollution perception acting as a dispersion force, we expect net agglomeration economies to be lower for polluting firms. In fact, polluting firms may anticipate that households and other firms are reluctant to locate near sources of pollution. In this paper, we exploit spatial data on sectoral emissions for a large number of air pollutants. We define a continuous variable of pollution that varies across sectors and employment zones. Our …
Indicators for assessing the environmental impacts of land use changes across Europe
2008
International audience; Much progress has been made in understanding future trend development over the last years. Governments and international bodies are increasingly attempting to assess ex-ante the impact of their policy proposals. In the SENSOR project, environmental sustainability is assessed by answering a set of policy relevant questions likely to affect goods and services provided by land. The answer is complex and the assessment of future options is very sensitive to scale, how far ahead in time is being considered, and whether the assessment addresses local, regional or global concerns. The relationships between components of land use and the response of environmental indicators …
REPRESENTATION S DES VINS ROUGES DE BOURGOGNE CHEZ LES ACTEURS DE LA FILIERE : UN EFFET AMONT vs AVAL ?
2014
International audience; Les différents segments de professionnels de la filière vitivinicole partagent-t-ils les mêmes représentations vis-à-visdes vins rouges de Bourgogne? Tel le est la question à laquelle nous avons souhaité répondre. Afin d’évaluer dans un premier temps le degré de convergence des réponses sensorielles, visuelles et olfacto-gustatives, deux familles d’acteurs de la filière bourguignonne ont été étudiées: celle des professionnels amont(viticulteurs, œnologues,techniciens) et celle des professionnels aval (restaurateurs,sommeliers,cavistes, commerciaux grande distribution). L’approche sensorielle convoquée ici reposait sur la mesure intrinsèque d’exemplarité. [1]Pour ce f…
Sectorisation du New Public Management chez les enseignants du premier degré. Vers un déplacement du modèle professionnel ?
2016
International audience; Les résultats présentés ici dessinent les contours d'une des transformations observées dans l'activité réelle des enseignants du premier degré, sous l'effet de l'adoption du Nouveau Management Public (NMP). Le but de l'enquête générale est d'appréhender le pouvoir explicatif du NMP sur l'évolution de la profession. Après avoir contextualisé la sectorisation du NMP dans le système éducatif, l'analyse des budgets temps et celle des entretiens semi-directifs convergent vers une dérégulation de l'activité quotidienne par l'accroissement de la part de l'activité dérivée, c'est-à-dire éloignée de fonctions premières déclarées comme pédagogiques.
Sectorisation du New Public Management chez les enseignants du premier degré. Entre déplacement du modèle professionnel et coût d'opportunité.
2016
National audience; Face à la généralisation du Nouveau Management Public (NMP) au sein des administrations françaises (Bezès et al. 2011), nombreuses sont les professions de l'État qui subissent les effets d'une forte volonté managériale, couplée à des attentes essentiellement économiques. Les transformations observées sur les groupes professionnels (soin, travail social, recherche...) ont fait l'objet d'un certain nombre de recherches récentes (Vigour, 2006 ; Vinokur, 2008) qui identifient le NMP comme facteur de déplacement de leur modèle professionnel. Les tensions créées au sein des professions, telles que la sociologie interactionniste les définit, convergent principalement vers un aff…
The Determinants of Delayed Entrance into the Academic Career : The Case of France
2008
08009 - 15 p.; The recruitment of young PhD graduates in the academic sector is linked to a strong uncertainty on their potential teaching and research productivity. When giving tenureto a PhD graduate, employers -universities or research institutions in France- attempt to reduce the asymmetric information on the research abilities of the applicant. However, because of the nature of the scientific work and the way it is rewarded, it is difficult to assessthe absolute value of much of the work of PhD graduates in the short term. So, in order to recruit the best PhD graduates for permanent jobs, public employers select from the signals sent by the applicant in their curriculum vitae. Our pape…
Structure and determinants of production in Textile-Clothing-Leather-Skins (TCLS) craft industry in Benin: a study based on investigations of the val…
2014
Lieu et date de la conférence modifiées. Prétoria 31Juillet au 2 Août 2014 (Au lieu de Kigali -Rwanda); International audience; Sustainable economic growth in Benin requires a better understand of the informalsector, which contributes to two-thirds of GDP. Particularly, craft industry and TCLSsubsector is one of informal activity sector to be handled. The objectives of this work wereto identify the structure and factors that determine the production in TCLS craft industry.This study was based on a survey carried out in February 2011 on value creationdata in craft industry of TCLS in Benin. Lack of data induced by informal activities wascircumvented using an imputation method. A Multiple Cor…
BEING ACCOUNTABLE: THE MEASUREMENT OF ITALIAN HEALTH CARE SECTOR PERFORMANCE
2011
Building on the analysis of the numerous contributions on the subject, treated by an extensive literature review, we highlight the limitations of traditional measurement systems and underlines the need for a comprehensive approach. In fact, in addition to traditional measurements, there is the need to consider other indicators of a different nature, not only the capital resources but also the non-property resources. According to this literature it is sufficiently established the consideration of performance on two fundamental levels: • the economic and financial, in more traditional terms; • the ‚real‛ results in terms of health. Bearing in mind these two levels together, the overall object…
Administrative Capacity as a Constraint to Fiscal Decentralization. The Case of Romania and Poland
2020
This paper considers the problem of administrative capacity as one of the main requirements that the accession countries seeking EU membership had to meet, and as a prerequisite to the decentralization of their public sectors and public finances. The selected decentralization problems are analyzed using the cases of two countries: Romania and Poland. The results of a theoretical and practical evaluation of administrative capacity as a likely obstacle to fiscal decentralization are presented taking account of the different levels of decentralization in Poland and Romania. A comparative analysis of Romania and Poland shows that administrative capacity can be a constraint for fiscal decentrali…
Diferencias de opinión sobre el uso de los test: su relación con la edad el género y el sector laboral
2021
Tests are important tools that help psychologists to make decisions about people. In order to propose actions aimed at improving the use of tests, it is important to determine what factors relate to psychologists’ opinions about testing practices. In this study we assess the role of three factors: gender, age, and job sector (public vs. private). In addition, we compare practitioners’ opinions with those reported by professors of test-related subjects (psychometrics, and psychological and psycho- educational assessment). After analyzing a sample of 1,248 members of the Spanish Psychological Association and 95 professors from different universities, results show some differences in opinions …