Search results for "SEPARATION"

showing 10 items of 865 documents

Enhancement of D 2 /H 2 Selectivity in Zeolite A through Partial Na–K Exchange: Single-Gas and Coadsorption Studies at 45–77 K

2020

International audience; We report D2/H2 adsorption selectivities under cryogenic temperatures (45-77 K) in Na and K-Na exchanged zeolites A (LTA structural code) measured by co-adsorption technique. These values are systematically compared with Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory (IAST) predictions based on the single gas adsorption isotherms. For NaA zeolite the evolution of the selectivity as a function of total pressure and gas mixture composition at 77 K shows ideal behavior. In contrast, as temperature decreases, D2/H2 selectivity rises exponentially and its values can no longer be predicted by IAST. We found that in these conditions the evolution of the selectivity can be described by a si…

Materials scienceselectivity02 engineering and technologyhydrogen isotope separation010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryquantum sievingGeneral EnergyAdsorption13. Climate actionPhysical chemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologySelectivityZeoliteco-adsorption
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Brief maternal separation procedures occurring early in life affect learning and memory in adult Wistar rats: sex-related differences in cognitive be…

2015

Adverse life events during the neonatal period result in long-term effects on physiology and behavior. Early postnatal experiences, such as a modification of the mother–infant interaction, may influence the development of neural systems that underlie the expression of neuroendocrine and behavioural responses to environmental challenges. The present study was carried out to investigate the consequences of a brief, maternal separation on declarative and spatial memory, focusing on sex related alteration due to the discrete effects that hormones may play on the brain circuits. Our results indicate that a brief, daily maternal separation results in sexually-dimorphic cognitive alterations that …

Maternal Separation Learning and memory cognitive behaviourMaternal separation Learning and memoyr sex differencesSettore BIO/14 - Farmacologia
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Branch-and-Cut

2010

This chapter focuses on the approach for solving the LOP to optimality which can currently be seen as the most successful one. It is a branch-and-bound algorithm, where the upper bounds are computed using linear programming relax- ations.

Mathematical optimizationLinear programmingSeparation algorithmComputer scienceCombinatorial optimization problemBranch and cut
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Analytic solutions of the diffusion-deposition equation for fluids heavir than atmospheric air

2008

A steady-state bi-dimensional turbulent diffusion equation was studied to find the concentration distribution of a pollutant near the ground. We have considered the air pollutant emitted from an elevated point source in the lower atmosphere in adiabatic conditions. The wind velocity and diffusion coefficient are given by power laws. We have found analytical solutions using or the Lie Group Analysis or the Method of Separation of Variables. The classical diffusion equation has been modified introducing the falling term with non-zero deposition velocity. Analytical solutions are essential to test numerical models for the great difficulty in validating with experiments.

Mathematical optimizationMaterials scienceTurbulent diffusionDiffusion equationDeposition (aerosol physics)Analytic solutions Diffusion-deposition equationSeparation of variablesMechanicsDiffusion (business)Adiabatic processPower lawSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaWind speed
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Necessary conditions for extremality and separation theorems with applications to multiobjective optimization

1998

The aim of this paper is to give necessary conditions for extremality in terms of an abstract subdifferential and to obtain general separation theorems including both finite and infinite classical separation theorems. This approach, which is mainly based on Ekeland's variational principle and the concept of locally weak-star compact cones, can be considered as a generalization f the notions of optima in problems of scalar or vector optimization with and without constraints. The results obtained are applied to derive new necessary optimality conditions for Pareto local minimum and weak Pareto minimum of nonsmooth multlobjectivep rogramming problems.

Mathematical optimizationVector optimizationControl and OptimizationGeneralizationVariational principleApplied MathematicsSeparation (aeronautics)Pareto principleScalar (physics)SubderivativeManagement Science and Operations ResearchMulti-objective optimizationMathematicsOptimization
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Analysis of human skin hyper-spectral images by non-negative matrix factorization

2011

International audience; This article presents the use of Non-negative Matrix Factorization, a blind source separation algorithm, for the decomposition of human skin absorption spectra in its main pigments: melanin and hemoglobin. The evaluated spectra come from a Hyper-Spectral Image, which is the result of the processing of a Multi-Spectral Image by a neural network-based algorithm. The implemented source separation algorithm is based on a multiplicative coeffi cient upload. The goal is to represent a given spectrum as the weighted sum of two spectral components. The resulting weighted coefficients are used to quantify melanin and hemoglobin content in the given spectra. Results present a …

Mathematical optimization[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingAbsorption spectroscopy[INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingMelasmaComputer sciencePhysics::Medical PhysicsPopulation[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing01 natural sciencesNon-negative Matrix FactorizationSpectral line030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingNon-negative matrix factorizationMatrix decomposition010309 opticsBlind source separation algorithms03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing0103 physical sciencesSource separationmedicineMulti/Hyper-Spectral imagingeducation[SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingeducation.field_of_studyArtificial neural networkbusiness.industrySpectrum (functional analysis)Pattern recognitionmedicine.diseaseArtificial intelligencebusiness[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processinghuman skin absorbance spectrum
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Solid phase techniques in the extraction of pesticides and related compounds from foods and soils

1994

The application of SPE technology to the isolation of pesticides and related compounds from food and soils has grown enormously in the last decade. Much of this growth has been due to the relative ease of sample handling and the wide range of solid supports currently available for a variety of applications. The aim of this review is to present the methods for solid phase extraction (SPE) of pesticide residues from soils and foods. There are three main areas according to the type of approach used to handle the sample: solid phase extraction, solid phase clean-up (SPC), and matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD). This review covers milk products, fatty foods, fruits, vegetables, and soils. Soli…

Matrix (chemical analysis)ChromatographyPesticide residueChemistryMechanical EngineeringEnvironmental chemistryPhase (matter)Extraction (chemistry)Filtration and SeparationGas chromatographySolid phase extractionPesticideDispersion (chemistry)Journal of Microcolumn Separations
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A laser ion source for trace analysis

1988

A laser ion source has been set up which is based on resonant stepwise excitation and ionization of atomic vapor confined in an ionization chamber. Using a pulsed copper vapor/dye laser system with a high repetition rate (6.5 kHz) one expects high efficiency and high selectivity for this new type of ion source. First test experiments with lead are reported.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionizationChemistryClinical BiochemistryAnalytical chemistryGeneral MedicineBiochemistryIon sourceAnalytical ChemistryAtmospheric-pressure laser ionizationIon beam depositionIonizationGeneral Materials SciencePhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic vapor laser isotope separationElectron ionizationAmbient ionizationFresenius Zeitschrift f�r Analytische Chemie
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CERN-MEDICIS: A Review Since Commissioning in 2017

2021

The CERN-MEDICIS (MEDical Isotopes Collected from ISolde) facility has delivered its first radioactive ion beam at CERN (Switzerland) in December 2017 to support the research and development in nuclear medicine using non-conventional radionuclides. Since then, fourteen institutes, including CERN, have joined the collaboration to drive the scientific program of this unique installation and evaluate the needs of the community to improve the research in imaging, diagnostics, radiation therapy and personalized medicine. The facility has been built as an extension of the ISOLDE (Isotope Separator On Line DEvice) facility at CERN. Handling of open radioisotope sources is made possible thanks to i…

Medicine (General)HIGH-ENERGYIon beamNuclear engineeringHigh resolutionProton Synchrotron Booster01 natural sciencesmedicalISOLDE030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaginglaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesR5-9200302 clinical medicineMedicine General & InternallawGeneral & Internal Medicine0103 physical sciencesCERNNuclear Physics - ExperimentBeam dump010306 general physicsradionuclidesOriginal ResearchLarge Hadron ColliderScience & TechnologyGeneral MedicineMass separationHandling systemmass separationBeamlineMEDICISMedicineEnvironmental scienceLife Sciences & Biomedicine
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Production of mass-separated Erbium-169 towards the first preclinical in vitro investigations

2021

The β−-particle-emitting erbium-169 is a potential radionuclide toward therapy of metastasized cancer diseases. It can be produced in nuclear research reactors, irradiating isotopically-enriched 168Er2O3. This path, however, is not suitable for receptor-targeted radionuclide therapy, where high specific molar activities are required. In this study, an electromagnetic isotope separation technique was applied after neutron irradiation to boost the specific activity by separating 169Er from 168Er targets. The separation efficiency increased up to 0.5% using resonant laser ionization. A subsequent chemical purification process was developed as well as activity standardization of the radionuclid…

Medicine (General)Health Physics and Radiation Effectselectromagnetic isotope separationEr-169030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingIsotope separationlaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesR5-9200302 clinical medicineErbium-169lawLASER RESONANCE IONIZATIONIonizationEr-169; activity standardization; electromagnetic isotope separation; in vitro studies; lanthanide-separation; laser resonance ionizationNeutron irradiationOriginal Researchin vitro studiesRadionuclideChemistryRadiochemistryGeneral MedicineLANTHANIDE-SEPARATIONIn vitroELECTROMAGNETIC ISOTOPE SEPARATIONER-169030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRadionuclide therapyMedicinelanthanide-separationactivity standardizationSpecific activitylaser resonance ionizationACTIVITY STANDARDIZATIONIN VITRO STUDIESFrontiers in Medicine
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