Search results for "SIMILARITY"
showing 10 items of 474 documents
Classes of Colors and Timbres: A Clustering Approach
2022
Similarities between different sensory dimensions can be addressed considering common “movements” as causes, and emotional responses as effects. An imaginary movement toward the “dark” produces “dark sounds” and “dark colors,” or, toward the “bright,” “brighter colors” and “brighter sounds.” Following this line of research, we draw upon the confluence of mathematics and cognition, extending to colors and timbres the gestural similarity conjecture, a development of the mathematical theory of musical gestures. Visual “gestures” are seen here as paths in the space of colors, compared with paths in the space of orchestral timbres. We present an approach based on clustering algorithm to evaluate…
Selecting and Retaining Friends on the Basis of Cigarette Smoking Similarity
2013
This study examines whether friend selection, deselection, and socialization differ as a function of the level of cigarette smoking in the friendship group. A total of 1419 students (median age = 16) from upper secondary and vocational schools in Finland were included as targets in the peer network. Targets in the peer network were asked to nominate friends and describe their own cigarette smoking at two time points one year apart. Network analyses revealed similarity arising from selection and deselection on the basis of smoking. Selection effects (i.e., selecting new friends based on similarity) were stronger for adolescents in low-smoking groups. Deselection effects (i.e., dropping frien…
Traits Associated with Men and Women
1981
The association of certain psychological traits with men and others with women was studied among 4285- and 8-year-old children in 5 European countries. Subjects were read 32 stories, each representing a particular trait (e.g., aggressive, emotional), and following each story they selected between male and female silhouettes as being "the person the story is about." The findings indicated substantial cross-national similarity in the traits ascribed to men and women. Some evidence of differences between countries was found, with the children's responses in Germany and France being relatively most discrepant. The results were discussed in relation to the findings from studies of adults in Eur…
DBSCAN Algorithm for Document Clustering
2019
Abstract Document clustering is a problem of automatically grouping similar document into categories based on some similarity metrics. Almost all available data, usually on the web, are unclassified so we need powerful clustering algorithms that work with these types of data. All common search engines return a list of pages relevant to the user query. This list needs to be generated fast and as correct as possible. For this type of problems, because the web pages are unclassified, we need powerful clustering algorithms. In this paper we present a clustering algorithm called DBSCAN – Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise – and its limitations on documents (or web pages)…
Hierarchically nested factor model from multivariate data
2005
We show how to achieve a statistical description of the hierarchical structure of a multivariate data set. Specifically we show that the similarity matrix resulting from a hierarchical clustering procedure is the correlation matrix of a factor model, the hierarchically nested factor model. In this model, factors are mutually independent and hierarchically organized. Finally, we use a bootstrap based procedure to reduce the number of factors in the model with the aim of retaining only those factors significantly robust with respect to the statistical uncertainty due to the finite length of data records.
Polar Classification of Nominal Data
2013
Many modern systems record various types of parameter values. Numerical values are relatively convenient for data analysis tools because there are many methods to measure distances and similarities between them. The application of dimensionality reduction techniques for data sets with such values is also a well known practice. Nominal (i.e., categorical) values, on the other hand, encompass some problems for current methods. Most of all, there is no meaningful distance between possible nominal values, which are either equal or unequal to each other. Since many dimensionality reduction methods rely on preserving some form of similarity or distance measure, their application to such data sets…
The Upsides and Downsides of High Self-Control: Evidence for Effects of Similarity and Situation Dependency
2021
High trait self-control is generally depicted as favorable. We investigated whether this holds for social perception. Using vignettes, we tested whether a person with high self-control is 1) preferred as a partner for all or only certain social situations, 2) perceived as less likeable than a person with low self-control, 3) liked more if the person is female and the behavior thus fits the sex-stereotype, and 4) perceived differently from a person with low self-control with respect to a wide range of adjectives used to describe personality. Competing theories are presented for each area. Results indicate that although high self-control is associated with a wide range of socially desirable t…
Enseñanza de las ciencias : revista de investigación y experiencias didácticas
2016
Presentamos los resultados de una investigación enfocada a mejorar el aprendizaje de la geometría y la adquisición de destrezas de razonamiento matemático de estudiantes de 2.º año medio de centros de enseñanza secundaria vulnerables de Chile. Se ha diseñado un experimento de enseñanza, con grupos experimental y control, basado en una unidad de enseñanza, diseñada de acuerdo con los niveles y las fases de Van Hiele, y en un pretest y un postest, para evaluar el cambio en el nivel de razonamiento de los estudiantes derivado de la intervención. Los resultados muestran una diferencia significativa, a favor del grupo experimental, en el desarrollo del nivel de razonamiento de los estudiantes. P…
Flow resistance law under equilibrium bed-load transport conditions
2018
Abstract The uniform flow resistance equation, in the form due to Manning or Darcy-Weisbach, is often applied to determine the stage-discharge relationship of a river cross-section. The application of this equation, namely the slope-area method, allows to indirectly measure by water level readings the corresponding river discharge. In this paper, a recently deduced flow resistance equation for open channel flow was tested during conditions of equilibrium bed-load transport. First the flow resistance equation was determined by dimensional analysis and applying the condition of incomplete self-similarity for the flow velocity profile. Then the analysis was developed by the following steps: (i…
Testing a theoretical resistance law for overland flow under simulated rainfall with different types of vegetation
2020
Abstract In this paper a recently theoretically deduced flow resistance equation, based on a power-velocity profile, was tested using data collected for overland flow under simulated rainfall carried out in plots with vegetation. The available data were obtained exploring a wide range of rainfall intensities (from 60 to 181 mm h−1) and slopes (from 3.6 to 39.6%), and with four different types of vegetation. The database, including measurements of flow velocity, water depth, cross sectional flow area, wetted perimeter and bed slope, was divided in four datasets (one for each vegetation type), which allowed the calibration of the relationship between the velocity profile parameter Γ, the slop…