Search results for "SIMULATION"

showing 10 items of 5095 documents

Photovoltaic module characteristics from CIGS solar cell modelling

2013

We describe our approach to the task of modelling, both at single cell structure and complete module levels, during the solar cell technology development process. This can give very helpful indications, in terms of global photovoltaic module characteristics, for the assessment of intermediate research results and planning of further experiments. We make reference specifically to the fabrication of thin film CIGS solar cells by means of single-step electrodeposition, a technique which appears fairly easy and low-cost but, at the same time, can lead to quite different structural and electrical properties.

Photonic structuresMaterials sciencebusiness.industryCIGS solar cellPhotovoltaic systemSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi ElettromagneticiHybrid solar cellSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciQuantum dot solar cellSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaCopper indium gallium selenide solar cellsEngineering physicsModellingPolymer solar celllaw.inventionPhotovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectorSolar energyPhotovoltaic modulelawSolar cellOptoelectronicsSolar simulatorThin-film solar cellbusinessSimulation2013 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA)
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Sensitivity recovery for the AX-PET prototype using inter-crystal scattering events

2014

The development of novel detection devices and systems such as the AX-positron emission tomography (PET) demonstrator often introduce or increase the measurement of atypical coincidence events such as inter-crystal scattering (ICS). In more standard systems, ICS events often go undetected and the small measured fraction may be ignored. As the measured quantity of such events in the data increases, so too does the importance of considering them during image reconstruction. Generally, treatment of ICS events will attempt to determine which of the possible candidate lines of response (LoRs) correctly determine the annihilation photon trajectory. However, methods of assessment often have low su…

PhotonsRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyPhantoms ImagingComputer scienceScatteringIterative reconstructionSensitivity and SpecificityImaging phantomSignal-to-noise ratioPositron-Emission TomographyImage Processing Computer-AssistedScattering RadiationRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingTomographySensitivity (control systems)AlgorithmAlgorithmsSimulationPhysics in Medicine and Biology
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Computational evidence in favor of a two-state, two-mode model of the retinal chromophore photoisomerization

2000

In this paper we use ab initio multiconfigurational second-order perturbation theory to establish the intrinsic photoisomerization path model of retinal chromophores. This is accomplished by computing the ground state ( S 0 ) and the first two singlet excited-state ( S 1 , S 2 ) energies along the rigorously determined photoisomerization coordinate of the rhodopsin chromophore model 4- cis -γ-methylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraeniminium cation and the bacteriorhodopsin chromophore model all- trans -hepta-2,4,6-trieniminium cation in isolated conditions. The computed S 2 and S 1 energy profiles do not show any avoided crossing feature along the S 1 reaction path and maintain an energy gap >20 kcal⋅…

PhotonsRhodopsinMultidisciplinaryPhotoisomerizationChemistryPhotochemistryAvoided crossingStatic ElectricityAb initioElectronic structureChromophoreMolecular physicsFluorescenceReaction coordinateIsomerismModels ChemicalComputational chemistryBacteriorhodopsinsPhysical SciencesAnimalsThermodynamicsComputer SimulationSinglet stateGround state
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Resolving the Benzophenone DNA-Photosensitization Mechanism at QM/MM Level

2015

International audience; Benzophenone, the parent of the diarylketone family, is a versatile compound commonly used as a UV blocker. It may also trigger triplet-based DNA photosensitization. Therefore, benzophenone is involved in DNA photodamage induction. In the absence of experimentally resolved structure, the mechanism of DNA damage production remains elusive. Employing a hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics approach, here we address the spin transfer mechanism between this drug and proximal thymine, that is, the DNA nucleobase most prone to suffer triplet damages.

Photosensitizing AgentsDNA PhotosensitizationDNA damageChemistryDNAMolecular Dynamics SimulationPhotochemistryMolecular mechanicsQM/MM3. Good healthThymineNucleobaseQM/MM[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryBenzophenoneschemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsBenzophenoneEnergy TransferBenzophenoneQuantum TheoryGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDNA
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Myoglobin embedded in saccharide amorphous matrices: water-dependent domains evidenced by small angle X-ray scattering

2010

We report Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) measurements performed on samples of carboxy-myoglobin (MbCO) embedded in low-water trehalose glasses. Results showed that, in such samples, "low-protein" trehalose-water domains are present, surrounded by a protein-trehalose-water background; such finding is supported by Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements. These domains, which do not appear in the absence of the protein and in analogous sucrose systems, preferentially incorporate the incoming water at the onset of rehydration, and disappear following large hydration. This observation suggests that, in organisms under anhydrobiosis, analogous domains could play a buffering role against th…

Photosynthetic reaction centreSucroseGLASS-TRANSITIONGeneral Physics and AstronomyInfrared spectroscopyRhodobacter sphaeroideschemistry.chemical_compoundRhodobacter sphaeroidesScattering Small AngleSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredPHOSPHOLIPID-BILAYERREACTION CENTERSPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicabiologyScatteringSmall-angle X-ray scatteringMyoglobinTrehaloseWaterbiology.organism_classificationPROTEIN DYNAMICSTrehaloseMOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONAmorphous solidCrystallographyMyoglobinchemistryTHERMAL-DENATURATIONNEUTRON-SCATTERINGCARBOXY-MYOGLOBINEXTERNAL MATRIXTREHALOSE-COATED MBCO
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Analysis on the Time and Frequency Domains of the Acceleration in Front Crawl Stroke

2012

Analysis on the Time and Frequency Domains of the Acceleration in Front Crawl Stroke The swimming involves accelerations and decelerations in the swimmer's body. Thus, the main objective of this study is to make a temporal and frequency analysis of the acceleration in front crawl swimming, regarding the gender and the performance. The sample was composed by 31 male swimmers (15 of high-level and 16 of low-level) and 20 female swimmers (11 of high-level and 9 of low-level). The acceleration was registered from the third complete cycle during eight seconds in a 25 meters maximum velocity test. A position transducer (200Hz) was used to collect the data, and it was synchronized to an aquatic ca…

Physical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitationlaw.inventionRoot mean squaresymbols.namesakeAccelerationlawPhysiology (medical)StatisticsMedicineStroke (engine)swimmingSimulationFrequency analysisbusiness.industrypower peakSection – SwimmingFourier analysisFrequency domainspectrum areasymbolsRoot Mean SquareAnalysis of variancebusinessFront crawlpower peak frequencyResearch ArticleJournal of Human Kinetics
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Effects of nonlinearity and substrate’s deformability on modulation instability in NKG equation

2017

International audience; This article investigates combined effects of nonlinearities and substrate's deformability on modulational instability. For that, we consider a lattice model based on the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation with an on-site potential of deformable shape. Such a consideration enables to broaden the description of energy-localization mechanisms in various physical systems. We consider the strong-coupling limit and employ semi-discrete approximation to show that nonlinear wave modulations can be described by an extended nonlinear Schrodinger equation containing a fourth-order dispersion component. The stability of modulation of carrier waves is scrutinized and the following …

Physical systemModulational instability01 natural sciencesInstability010309 opticssymbols.namesakeDeformable lattice0103 physical sciencesNumerical simulations[MATH]Mathematics [math]010306 general physicsDispersion (water waves)PropagationNonlinear Schrödinger equationPhysics[PHYS]Physics [physics]Numerical AnalysisApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisInstability domains and gains[PHYS.MECA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]DispersionNonlinear systemModulational instabilityAmplitudeClassical mechanicsModeling and SimulationExtended nonlinear SchrodingersymbolsLattice model (physics)
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A layer correlation technique for pion energy calibration at the 2004 ATLAS Combined Beam Test

2010

A new method for calibrating the hadron response of a segmented calorimeter is developed and successfully applied to beam test data. It is based on a principal component analysis of energy deposits in the calorimeter layers, exploiting longitudinal shower development information to improve the measured energy resolution. Corrections for invisible hadronic energy and energy lost in dead material in front of and between the calorimeters of the ATLAS experiment were calculated with simulated Geant4 Monte Carlo events and used to reconstruct the energy of pions impinging on the calorimeters during the 2004 Barrel Combined Beam Test at the CERN H8 area. For pion beams with energies between 20GeV…

Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsCiências Naturais::Ciências FísicasPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]Monte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.201 natural sciences7. Clean energyPartícules (Física nuclear)Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e SubnucleareHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsCalorimetersHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)PionAtlas (anatomy)calorimeter methods ; pattern recognition ; cluster finding ; calibration and fitting methods ; calorimeters ; detector modelling and simulations0103 physical sciencesCalibrationmedicine[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Calorimeter methods010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsPhysicsDetector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter interaction of photons with matter interaction of hadrons with matter etc)Science & TechnologyLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsPattern recognition cluster finding calibration and fitting methodsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleATLAS experimentInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Calorimetermedicine.anatomical_structureExperimental High Energy PhysicsComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGFísica nuclearHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentBeam (structure)Journal of Instrumentation
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The Monte Carlo simulation of the Borexino detector

2017

We describe the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation package of the Borexino detector and discuss the agreement of its output with data. The Borexino MC 'ab initio' simulates the energy loss of particles in all detector components and generates the resulting scintillation photons and their propagation within the liquid scintillator volume. The simulation accounts for absorption, reemission, and scattering of the optical photons and tracks them until they either are absorbed or reach the photocathode of one of the photomultiplier tubes. Photon detection is followed by a comprehensive simulation of the readout electronics response. The algorithm proceeds with a detailed simulation of the electronics c…

Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsSolar neutrinoMonte Carlo methodscintillation counter: liquidSolar neutrinosenergy resolution01 natural sciences7. Clean energyLarge volume liquid scintillator detectorHigh Energy Physics - Experiment[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Large volume liquid scintillator detectorsBorexinoPhysicsphotomultipliertrack data analysisDetectorefficiency: quantumddc:540GEANTBorexinoNeutrinophoton: yieldnumerical calculations: Monte CarloPhotomultiplierdata analysis methodenergy lossScintillatorSolar neutrinoprogrammingphoton: reflectionMonte Carlo simulationsNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesphoton: scattering[INFO]Computer Science [cs][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsbackground: radioactivityMonte Carlo simulationdetector: designScintillation010308 nuclear & particles physicsbibliographyAstronomy and AstrophysicscalibrationLarge volume liquid scintillator detectors; Monte Carlo simulations; Solar neutrinos; Astronomy and Astrophysicsattenuation: lengthpile-upelectronics: readout
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Comparison of proton shower developments in the BGO calorimeter of the Dark Matter Particle Explorer between GEANT4 and FLUKA simulations

2020

The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a satellite-borne detector for high-energy cosmic rays and $\gamma$-rays. To fully understand the detector performance and obtain reliable physical results, extensive simulations of the detector are necessary. The simulations are particularly important for the data analysis of cosmic ray nuclei, which relies closely on the hadronic and nuclear interactions of particles in the detector material. Widely adopted simulation softwares include the GEANT4 and FLUKA, both of which have been implemented for the DAMPE simulation tool. Here we describe the simulation tool of DAMPE and compare the results of proton shower properties in the calorimeter from t…

Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsProton85Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaHadronDark matterS-General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayNuclear physicsSpectral analysisInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Monte Carlo simulationPhysicsTp9550Calorimeter (particle physics)96DetectorInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)5513Cosmic Rays-n-tParticleHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
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