Search results for "SIP"

showing 10 items of 1280 documents

Reconstruction of time-dependent coefficients: a check of approximation schemes for non-Markovian convolutionless dissipative generators

2010

We propose a procedure to fully reconstruct the time-dependent coefficients of convolutionless non-Markovian dissipative generators via a finite number of experimental measurements. By combining a tomography based approach with a proper data sampling, our proposal allows to relate the time-dependent coefficients governing the dissipative evolution of a quantum system to experimentally accessible quantities. The proposed scheme not only provides a way to retrieve full information about potentially unknown dissipative coefficients but also, most valuably, can be employed as a reliable consistency test for the approximations involved in the theoretical derivation of a given non-Markovian convo…

PhysicsTomography Convolutionless master equationQuantum PhysicsQuantum decoherenceSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciStochastic processSampling (statistics)Markov processFOS: Physical sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticssymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicsMaster equationDissipative systemsymbolsQuantum systemStatistical physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Finite set
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Turbulent mixing and dispersion mechanisms over flexible and dense vegetation

2019

The present study investigates flow turbulence and dispersion processes in the presence of flexible and dense vegetation on the bed. The turbulent dispersion coefficients and the terms of the turbulent kinetic energy equation are determined by using data collected in a straight laboratory channel with living vegetation on the bed. Results show that the turbulent integral lengths assume an order of magnitude comparable to the stems’ characteristic dimension independently by the direction and the turbulence assumes an isotropic behavior. The coefficients of dispersion have a trend similar to that of the turbulent lengths and assume low values in the longitudinal, transversal and vertical dire…

PhysicsTurbulent diffusion010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesTurbulenceIsotropyMechanicsDissipation010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesSettore ICAR/01 - IdraulicaNonlinear Sciences::Chaotic DynamicsPhysics::Fluid DynamicsGeophysicsFree surfacePhysics::Space PhysicsTurbulence kinetic energyWake turbulenceVegetated channels Flexible vegetation Turbulence DispersionOrder of magnitude0105 earth and related environmental sciencesActa Geophysica
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Few Cycle Dissipative Soliton Pulses

2006

We find a novel class of stable dissipative solitary waves with discrete velocities and few cycle temporal duration in a composite medium containing active and passive atoms.

PhysicsUltrafast opticsNonlinear optics01 natural sciencesLight scattering010309 opticsOptical pumpingDissipative solitonClassical mechanicsOptical propagationQuantum electrodynamics0103 physical sciencesAtom opticsDissipative system010306 general physicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Unified description of structure and reactions: implementing the Nuclear Field Theory program

2015

The modern theory of the atomic nucleus results from the merging of the liquid drop (Niels Bohr and Fritz Kalckar) and of the shell model (Marie Goeppert Meyer and Axel Jensen), which contributed the concepts of collective excitations and of independent-particle motion respectively. The unification of these apparently contradictory views in terms of the particle-vibration (rotation) coupling (Aage Bohr and Ben Mottelson) has allowed for an ever increasingly complete, accurate and detailed description of the nuclear structure, Nuclear Field Theory (NFT, developed by the Copenhagen-Buenos Aires collaboration) providing a powerful quantal embodiment. In keeping with the fact that reactions are…

PhysicsUnificationContinuum (measurement)Nuclear Theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsSHELL modelLiquid dropNuclear structureFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysics::History of PhysicsBohr modelNuclear Theory (nucl-th)symbols.namesakeTheoretical physics0103 physical sciencesAtomic nucleusQuasiparticlesymbols010306 general physicsMathematical Physics
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Isovector spin-multipole strength distributions in double- β -decay triplets

2017

In this work the energetics and strength distributions of isovector spin-dipole and spin-quadrupole transitions from the ground states of the pairs ($^{76}\mathrm{Ge}, ^{76}\mathrm{Se}$), ($^{82}\mathrm{Se}, ^{82}\mathrm{Kr}$), ($^{96}\mathrm{Zr}, ^{96}\mathrm{Mo}$), ($^{100}\mathrm{Mo}, ^{100}\mathrm{Ru}$), ($^{116}\mathrm{Cd}, ^{116}\mathrm{Sn}$), ($^{128}\mathrm{Te}, ^{128}\mathrm{Xe}$), ($^{130}\mathrm{Te}, ^{130}\mathrm{Xe}$), and ($^{136}\mathrm{Xe}, ^{136}\mathrm{Ba}$), of double-$\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay initial and final nuclei, to the ${J}^{\ensuremath{\pi}}={0}^{\ensuremath{-}},{1}^{\ensuremath{-}},{2}^{\ensuremath{-}},{1}^{+},{2}^{+}$, and ${3}^{+}$ excited states of the interm…

PhysicsValence (chemistry)ta114Isovector010308 nuclear & particles physicsdouble beta decaycollective models01 natural sciencesExcited state0103 physical sciencesQuasiparticlecharge-exchange reactionsAtomic physics010306 general physicsMultipole expansionSpin (physics)Physical Review C
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Dynamical Processes in Open Quantum Systems from a TDDFT Perspective: Resonances and Electron Photoemission

2015

We present a review of different computational methods to describe time-dependent phenomena in open quantum systems and their extension to a density-functional framework. We focus the discussion on electron emission processes in atoms and molecules addressing excited-state lifetimes and dissipative processes. Initially we analyze the concept of an electronic resonance, a central concept in spectroscopy associated with a metastable state from which an electron eventually escapes (electronic lifetime). Resonances play a fundamental role in many time-dependent molecular phenomena but can be rationalized from a time-independent context in terms of scattering states. We introduce the method of c…

PhysicsWave packetAtoms in moleculesInverse photoemission spectroscopyAbsorbing boundariesAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyElectronTime-dependent density functional theory01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmasComplex scalingResonancesQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesDissipative systemAtomic physics010306 general physicsPhotoemissionQuantum
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Extended irreversible thermodynamics of liquid helium II

1993

In this work a macroscopic monofluid theory of liquid helium II, which is based on the extended irreversible thermodynamics, is formulated both in the presence and in the absence of dissipative phenomena. The work is a generalization of previous papers, where the extended thermodynamics of an ideal monoatomic fluid was applied to liquid helium II. It is shown that the behavior of helium II can be described by means of an extended thermodynamic theory where four fields, namely density, temperature, velocity, and heat flux are involved as independent fields. In the presence of dissipative phenomena, constitutive relations for the trace and the deviator of the nonequilibrium stress tensor are …

PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Heat fluxLiquid heliumlawCauchy stress tensorDissipative systemNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsThermodynamicsTwo-fluid modelExtended irreversible thermodynamicslaw.inventionPhysical Review B
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A monofluid flow mathematical model of liquid helium II based on extended non-equilibrium thermodynamics

1994

The present work is a generalization of a previous analysis which aims at a single-fluid description of the macroscopic behaviour of helium II. A single-fluid model of helium II, with a wider range of temperatures and pressures than the one previously described, is formulated here using the extended thermodynamics of a non-ideal fluid in the absence of dissipation. The model here formulated includes, according to experimental data, the propagation of the two sounds typical of superfluid helium, a relationship between the stress deviator and the square of heat flux and an explanation of the fountain effect.

PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Liquid heliumMechanical EngineeringNon-equilibrium thermodynamicschemistry.chemical_elementThermodynamicsDissipationCondensed Matter PhysicsExtended irreversible thermodynamicslaw.inventionchemistryHeat fluxMechanics of MaterialslawSuperfluid helium-4HeliumMeccanica
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Comparison of Dissipative Particle Dynamics and Langevin thermostats for out-of-equilibrium simulations of polymeric systems

2007

In this work we compare and characterize the behavior of Langevin and Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) thermostats in a broad range of non-equilibrium simulations of polymeric systems. Polymer brushes in relative sliding motion, polymeric liquids in Poiseuille and Couette flows, and brush-melt interfaces are used as model systems to analyze the efficiency and limitations of different Langevin and DPD thermostat implementations. Widely used coarse-grained bead-spring models under good and poor solvent conditions are employed to assess the effects of the thermostats. We considered equilibrium, transient, and steady state examples for testing the ability of the thermostats to maintain const…

PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesSteady stateStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Dissipative particle dynamicsNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterHagen–Poiseuille equationThermostatlaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterlawBrownian dynamicsCondensed Matter::Statistical MechanicsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Statistical physicsTransient (oscillation)Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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Stochastic thermodynamics for active matter

2016

The theoretical understanding of active matter, which is driven out of equilibrium by directed motion, is still fragmental and model oriented. Stochastic thermodynamics, on the other hand, is a comprehensive theoretical framework for driven systems that allows to define fluctuating work and heat. We apply these definitions to active matter, assuming that dissipation can be modelled by effective non-conservative forces. We show that, through the work, conjugate extensive and intensive observables can be defined even in non-equilibrium steady states lacking a free energy. As an illustration, we derive the expressions for the pressure and interfacial tension of active Brownian particles. The l…

PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsObservableDissipation01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasActive matterSurface tension0103 physical sciencesStable phase010306 general physicsBrownian motionCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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