Search results for "SIP"

showing 10 items of 1280 documents

Geometry of quantum phase transitions

2020

In this article we provide a review of geometrical methods employed in the analysis of quantum phase transitions and non-equilibrium dissipative phase transitions. After a pedagogical introduction to geometric phases and geometric information in the characterisation of quantum phase transitions, we describe recent developments of geometrical approaches based on mixed-state generalisation of the Berry-phase, i.e. the Uhlmann geometric phase, for the investigation of non-equilibrium steady-state quantum phase transitions (NESS-QPTs ). Equilibrium phase transitions fall invariably into two markedly non-overlapping categories: classical phase transitions and quantum phase transitions, whereas i…

Quantum phase transitionPhysicsPhase transitionQuantum PhysicsDissipative phase transitions Geometric phase Quantum geometric information Quantum metrology Quantum phase transitionsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)010308 nuclear & particles physicsCritical phenomenaGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesTheoretical physicssymbols.namesakeGeometric phase0103 physical sciencesQuantum metrologyDissipative systemsymbols010306 general physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)QuantumCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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Quantum light depolarization: the phase-space perspective

2008

Quantum light depolarization is handled through a master equation obtained by coupling dispersively the field to a randomly distributed atomic reservoir. This master equation is solved by transforming it into a quasiprobability distribution in phase space and the quasiclassical limit is investigated.

Quasiprobability distributionPhysicsHusimi Q representationQuantum PhysicsLindblad equationWigner quasiprobability distributionQuantum limitFOS: Physical sciencesQUANTUM LIGHT DEPOLARIZATION OPEN QUANTUM SYSTEMAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOpen quantum systemQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsPhase spaceMaster equationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Molecular quenching and relaxation in a plasmonic tunable system

2008

Molecular fluorescence decay is significantly modified when the emitting molecule is located near a plasmonic structure. When the lateral sizes of such structures are reduced to nanometer-scale cross sections, they can be used to accurately control and amplify the emission rate. In this Rapid Communication, we extend Green's dyadic method to quantitatively investigate both radiative and nonradiative decay channels experienced by a single fluorescent molecule confined in an adjustable dielectric-metal nanogap. The technique produces data in excellent agreement with current experimental work.

Quenching (fluorescence)Materials sciencebusiness.industryRelaxation (NMR)Condensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsFluorescenceElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsQuasiparticleRadiative transferPolaritonMoleculebusinessPlasmonPhysical Review B
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The effects of the tricyclic antidepressants desipramine, doxepin and iprindole on the isolated perfused rabbit heart.

1974

1. The right sympathetic nerves of isolated perfused rabbit hearts were stimulated electrically (1 msec, supramaximal strength, 15 sec) with increasing frequencies (0.25–20 Hz) at 3 min intervals before and 20 min after starting perfusion with desipramine, doxepin or iprindole. Ventricular rate, right atrial and right ventricular tensions were recorded using the transverse method. 2. Sympathic nerve stimulation caused ventricular arrhythmias in the presence of desipramine (3.3 and 5.0 · 10−6 M) and doxepin (1.6−4.7×10−6 M) but failed to produce arrhythmias in hearts not exposed to drugs, or after iprindole, cocaine and atropine. 3. When desipramine or doxepin was added to Tyrode solution co…

QuinidineAtropineMaleSympathetic Nervous SystemTime FactorsStimulationPropranololPharmacologyCocaineHeart RateDesipraminemedicineAnimalscardiovascular diseasesPharmacologyIprindolebusiness.industryDesipramineArrhythmias CardiacHeartGeneral MedicineDoxepinPropranololQuinidineAntidepressive AgentsElectric StimulationPerfusionAtropinecardiovascular systemIprindoleAutonomic Fibers PostganglionicFemaleDoxepinRabbitsbusinessPerfusionDrug Antagonismmedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
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Application of the collective coordinate method to the analysis of the dynamics of mode-locked fiber lasers

2015

Mode-locked fiber laser are among the few systems that allow to achieve a variety of elaborate optical functions, by means of few optical components. The use of dispersion management brings to this type of lasers a variety of behaviors, which is so rich that the complete mapping and detailed analysis of the stable states becomes impractical when conventional tools based on the intra-cavity field propagation equations, are used. In this thesis we show that the addition of the technique ofcollective coordinates to the conventional theoretical tools, allows to solve at least in part the problem of complexity and diversity of the stable states of the cavity. In particular, we propose the DCCA (…

Raman scattering[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Laser mode lockedGain curve[PHYS.PHYS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]Fiber laserCourbe de gainCollective coordinate methodDispersion-managed soliton[PHYS.COND.CM-MS] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Laser à fibreDissipative solitonSoliton à gestion de dispersion[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Soliton disspatif[PHYS.PHYS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]Modes bloquésDiffusion RamanMéthode des coordonnées collectives
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Misfolded vasopressin V2 receptors caused by extracellular point mutations entail congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

2000

Vasopressin V2 receptor mutants from three different patients with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus phenotypes were investigated after expression in COS cells. The amino acid exchanges within the human V2 receptor are located in the second extracellular loop (T204N, Y205C and V206D). Confocal microscopy showed that all receptor mutants were strongly expressed but mainly located within the cell. Residual binding capacity for the antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) could only be detected for the T204N mutant and was 10-fold lower than for the wild-type receptor. Stimulation of transfected cells with 1 microM AVP showed that the T204N mutant was able to activate the adenyl…

Receptors Vasopressinmedicine.medical_specialtyVasopressinVasopressinsDiabetes Insipidus NephrogenicBiologyTransfectionBiochemistryCell LineEndocrinologyInternal medicineArginine vasopressin receptor 2medicineHumansReceptorMolecular BiologyVasopressin receptorArginine vasopressin receptor 1BElucidation of the molecular defect responsible for congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI)Nephrogenic diabetes insipidusmedicine.diseaseEndocrinologyMutationOpheldering van het moleculaire defect dat verantwoordelijk is voor congenitale nefrogene diabetes insipidus (NDI)cAMP-dependent pathwayhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsSignal TransductionAntidiuretic
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Nonlinear relaxation in quantum and mesoscopic systems

2013

The nonlinear relaxation of three mesoscopic and quantum systems are investigated. Specifically we study the nonlinear relaxation in: (i) a long Josephson junction (LJJ) driven by a non-Gaussian Lévy noise current; (ii) a metastable quantum open system driven by an external periodical driving; and (iii) the electron spin relaxation process in n-type GaAs crystals driven by a fluctuating electric field. In the first system the LJJ phase evolution is described by the perturbed sine-Gordon equation. Two well known noise induced effects are found: the noise enhanced stability and resonant activation phenomena. We investigate the mean escape time as a function of the bias current frequency, nois…

Relaxationquantum dissipative systemelectron spin relaxationMetastability; Relaxation; Mesoscopic Systems; Josephson junction; sine-Gordon; soliton; Lévy noise; quantum dissipative system; Caldeira-Leggett; discrete variable representation; electron spin relaxation; Monte Carlo;Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaLévy noiseMesoscopic SystemMetastabilitysine-Gordondiscrete variable representationJosephson junctionsolitonMonte CarloCaldeira-Leggett
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Pre-invasion history and demography shape the genetic variation in the insecticide resistance-related acetylcholinesterase 2 gene in the invasive Col…

2012

Abstract Background Invasive pest species offers a unique opportunity to study the effects of genetic architecture, demography and selection on patterns of genetic variability. Invasive Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) populations have experienced a rapid range expansion and intense selection by insecticides. By comparing native and invasive beetle populations, we studied the origins of organophosphate (OP) resistance-associated mutations in the acetylcholinesterase 2 (AChE2) gene, and the role of selection and demography on its genetic variability. Results Analysis of three Mexican, two US and five European populations yielded a total of 49 haplotypes. Contrary to the exp…

Resistenssin evoluutio0106 biological sciencesInsecticidesDNA Mutational AnalysisGenes Insect01 natural sciencesInsecticide ResistanceJuvenile hormone esteraseDiapause protein 1Genetics0303 health sciencesbiologytulokaslajitMajor geneOrganophosphatesJuveniilihormoniesteraasiColeopteraTuholaistorjunta-aineresistenssiAcetylcholinesteraseInvaasiobiologiaAsetyylikoliiniesteraasiResearch ArticlePesticide resistanceEvolutionPesticide resistanceLocus (genetics)valinta03 medical and health sciencesGenetic variationQH359-425AnimalsGenetic variabilityDiapaussiproteiini 1SelectionEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsSolanum tuberosum030304 developmental biologyGenetic diversityInvasive speciesColorado potato beetleGenetic VariationResistance evolutionbiology.organism_classification010602 entomologyGenetics PopulationPopulation bottleneckHaplotypesInvasiolajiMutationIntroduced SpeciesInvasion biologyDemographyBMC Evolutionary Biology
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Experimental determination of viscous damper parameters in low velocity ranges

2017

In the last decades many strategies for seismic vulnerability mitigation of structures have been developed through analytical studies and experimental tests. Among these, energy dissipation by external devices assumes a great relevance for the relative design simplicity, even if applied to complex structures, and the effectiveness in reducing seismic demand. In particular, the use of fluid viscous dampers represents a very attractive solution because of their velocity-dependent behaviour and relatively low costs. The application on structures requires specific study under seismic excitation and a particular care of structural details. In this context the use of proper constitutive models fo…

RiskDissipation; Experimental testing; Fluid viscous dampers; Low velocity; Seismic protection; Building and Construction; Safety Risk Reliability and Quality; Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologyLow velocityFluid viscous damperDissipationReliability and QualityExperimental testingFluid viscous dampersBuilding and ConstructionSafetyGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologySeismic protection
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Study of enzymatic activity in human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y exposed to zearalenone's derivates and beauvericin.

2021

Abstract Beauvericin (BEA), α-zearalenol (α-ZEL) and β-zearalenol (β-ZEL), are produced by several Fusarium species that contaminate cereal grains. These mycotoxins can cause cytotoxicity and neurotoxicity in various cell lines and they are also capable of produce oxidative stress at molecular level. However, mammalian cells are equipped with a protective endogenous antioxidant system formed by no-enzymatic antioxidant and enzymatic protective systems such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The aim of this study was evaluating the effects of α-ZEL, β-ZEL and BEA, on enzymatic GPx, GST, CAT and SOD activity in huma…

SH-SY5YAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentToxicologymedicine.disease_causeSuperoxide dismutase03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyCell Line TumorDepsipeptidesmedicineHumans030304 developmental biologyEnzyme AssaysGlutathione Transferasechemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesGlutathione PeroxidasebiologySuperoxide DismutaseGlutathione peroxidase04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicineGlutathioneMycotoxinsCatalase040401 food scienceMolecular biologyBeauvericinchemistryPeroxidasesCatalasebiology.proteinZeranolOxidative stressFood ScienceFood and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
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