Search results for "SMIS"

TMS-EEG signatures of glutamatergic neurotransmission in human cortex

2019

AbstractNeuronal activity in the brain is regulated by an excitation-inhibition balance. Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) evoked electroencephalographic (EEG) potentials (TEPs) represent a novel way to quantify pharmacological effects on neuronal activity in the human cortex. Here we tested TEPs under the influence of a single oral dose of two anti-glutamatergic drugs, perampanel, an AMPA-receptor antagonist, and dextromethorphan, an NMDA-receptor antagonist, and nimodipine, an L-type voltage-gated calcium channel blocker in 16 healthy adults in a pseudorandomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Single-pulse TM…

Providing pediatric well-care and sick visits in the COVID-19 pandemic era: the recommendations of the Italian pediatric society.

2020

AbstractPediatricians have observed a significant decrease in in-person child health visits during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the post lockdown period, the coronavirus trend remains positive in Italy but fears of a second wave have recently grown in Italy due to active hotbeds of contagion. The pandemic may negatively affect the care of pediatric patients and overall children welfare as it may present with severe signs and symptoms or it may complicate. The Italian Pediatric Society recommend to separate well visits from sick ones, to educate families and to promote hygienic strategies to provide an adequate pediatric assistance in case of a second pandemic wave.

The challenge of laypeople cardio-pulmonary resuscitation training during and after COVID-19 pandemic.

2020

The seroepidemiology of pertussis in Australia during an epidemic period

2006

Studying the epidemiology of pertussis and impact of differing vaccine schedules is difficult because of differing methods of case ascertainment. The advent of internationally standardized serological diagnosis for recent infection has allowed comparison of age-specific pertussis infection among European countries and was applied in Australia at the time of a major national epidemic. In 1997 and 1998, a nationally representative serum bank using residual sera from diagnostic laboratories was established. Measurement of pertussis toxin (PT) IgG level was conducted by a reference laboratory using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay standardized for a number of European countries. A titre of …

Toxoplasmosis after hematopoietic stem transplantation. Report of a 5-year survey from the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Group fo…

2000

Toxoplasmosis after hematopoietic stem transplantation. Report of a 5-year survey from the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation

SARS-CoV-2 vs. Hepatitis Virus Infection Risk in the Hemodialysis Population: What Should We Expect?

2021

Since the dramatic rise of the coronavirus infection disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, patients receiving dialysis have emerged as especially susceptible to this infection because of their impaired immunologic state, chronic inflammation and the high incidence of comorbidities. Although several strategies have thus been implemented to minimize the risk of transmission and acquisition in this population worldwide, the reported severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence varies across studies but is higher than in the general population. On the contrary, the screening for hepatitis viruses (HBV and HCV) has seen significant improvements in recent years, with va…

Chelation of synaptic zinc induces overexcitation in the hilar mossy cells of the rat hippocampus.

2004

Complete removal of synaptic zinc by the chelator dietyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC; 500 mg/kg i.p.) in rat was followed by convulsive behaviour including wet dog shakes alternating immobility. Histological analysis 1 day after DEDTC administration detected expression of heat shock protein in the hippocampus restricted to hilar cells. These cells colocalize the marker for neurons and the glutamate receptor GluR2/3 showing that they are excitatory neurons. Additionally, they projected to the contralateral dentate gyrus. Therefore, they correspond to hilar mossy cells. These data show that the synaptic zinc has a role in normal hippocampus avoiding overexcitation, that would impair functionality e…

Evaluation of a murine single-blood-injection SAH model.

2014

The molecular pathways underlying the pathogenesis after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) are poorly understood and continue to be a matter of debate. A valid murine SAH injection model is not yet available but would be the prerequisite for further transgenic studies assessing the mechanisms following SAH. Using the murine single injection model, we examined the effects of SAH on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the somatosensory (S1) and cerebellar cortex, neuro-behavioural and morphological integrity and changes in quantitative electrocorticographic and electrocardiographic parameters. Micro CT imaging verified successful blood delivery into the cisterna magna. An acute impairment of …

The Dual Role of the GABAA Receptor in Peripheral Inflammation and Neuroinflammation: A Study in Hyperammonemic Rats

2021

Cognitive and motor impairment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) are mediated by neuroinflammation, which is induced by hyperammonemia and peripheral inflammation. GABAergic neurotransmission in the cerebellum is altered in rats with chronic hyperammonemia. The mechanisms by which hyperammonemia induces neuroinflammation remain unknown. We hypothesized that GABAA receptors can modulate cerebellar neuroinflammation. The GABAA antagonist bicuculline was administrated daily (i.p.) for four weeks in control and hyperammonemic rats. Its effects on peripheral inflammation and on neuroinflammation as well as glutamate and GABA neurotransmission in the cerebellum were assessed. In hyperammone…

Efficacy of protection by latex gloves during orthodontic therapy.

2000

The wearing of gloves during orthodontic or dental treatment is generally indicated for reasons of hygiene and protection against infection. This study was aimed at determining the extent and localization of perforations caused by the various orthodontic treatment techniques and interrupting the infection barrier. The impermeability was tested by means of a water retention test according to European standard EN 455, Part 1, performed on 1600 Centramed (Centramed, Koblenz), Tekmedic and SafeEx non-sterile disposable latex gloves (both by Safe Med, Switzerland) and Safe Gan latex gloves with an additional acrylate coating (also by Safe Med). The perforation rate in unused gloves was between 0…