Search results for "SMOS"
showing 10 items of 444 documents
Autocorrelation Metrics to Estimate Soil Moisture Persistence From Satellite Time Series: Application to Semiarid Regions
2021
Satellite-derived soil moisture (SM) products have become an important information source for the study of land surface processes in hydrology and land monitoring. Characterizing and estimating soil memory and persistence from satellite observations is of paramount relevance, and has deep implications in ecology, water management, and climate modeling. In this work, we address the problem of SM persistence estimation from microwave sensors using several autocorrelation metrics that, unlike traditional approaches, build on accurate estimates of the autocorrelation function from nonuniformly sampled time series. We show how the choice of the autocorrelation estimator can have a dramatic impac…
The Low-Affinity ATP Binding Site of the Escherichia coli SecA Dimer Is Localized at the Subunit Interface
1997
The homodimeric SecA protein is the ATP-dependent force generator in the Escherichia coli precursor protein translocation cascade. SecA contains two essential nucleotide binding sites (NBSs), i.e., NBS1 and NBS2 that hind ATP with high and low affinity, respectively. The photoactivatable bifunctional cross-linking agent 3'-arylazido-8-azidoadenosine 5'-triphosphate (diN(3)ATP) was used to investigate the spatial arrangement of the nucleotide binding sites of SecA, DiN(3)ATP is an authentic ATP analogue as it supports SecA-dependent precursor protein translocation and translocation ATPase, UV-induced photo-cross-linking of the diN(3)ATP-bound SecA results in the formation of stable dimeric s…
Backthrusts and passive roof duplexes in fold-and-thrust belts. The case of Central-Western Sicily based on seismic reflection data
2012
Seismic reflection profiles crossing the area bounded by the M. Kumeta Ridge and the M. Maranfusa-M. Galiello-Rocca Busambra morphostructural feature (central-western Sicily) were used to constrain the deep structural setting of the Sicilian-Maghrebian fold-and-thrust belt (FTB). By integrating seismic, field and well data, we attempted to correlate outcropping and deep-seated contractional structures, shedding light on the internal geometries of the thrust system. Results of the new seismostratigraphic analysis presented in this paper reveal structural variations along the tectonic edifice. This suggests dividing the study area into two sectors: the western sector is characterized by forel…
¿Marxismo o diferenciación social?
2018
Para la sociología, el debate con el marxismo forma uno de los telones de fondo intelectuales y prácticos en el surgimiento de esta joven ciencia durante el siglo xix. Uno de los puntos más interesantes de esta disputa trata del grado necesario de diferenciación de las categorías analíticas para comprender los mecanismos básicos de la sociedad. La capacidad y la necesidad de reducir la compl ejidad que requiere cada ciencia, si quiere ll egar a un nivel de generalización que permita la acción social, se contrapone a una diferenciación analítica que tenga en cuenta la máxima cantidad posibl e de elementos relevantes para la comprensión de lo social. El presente artículo alumbra las relacione…
Estudio del compostaje como técnica para la eliminación de contaminantes emergentes
2017
Desde hace unos años está surgiendo una nueva clase de contaminantes químicos utilizados por el hombre con distintas finalidades y denominados contaminantes emergentes, entre los cuales se incluyen los productos farmacéuticos. Todos estos compuestos se encuentran en las aguas residuales, y como las estaciones de depuración de aguas residuales no están acondicionadas para eliminarlos, acaban liberándose en el medio ambiente. La mayor acumulación de estos compuestos se produce en los lodos que son utilizados en agricultura y compostaje. De hecho, se han encontrado fármacos de uso humano y fungicidas de aplicación agrícola en aguas superficiales, suelos, biosólidos e incluso en agua potable. E…
From Biology to Linguistics: The Definition of Arthron in Aristotle's Poetics
2018
This volume is not intended as a philological or paleographical specialist contribution: it is a new attempt at reading Aristotle’s work as a whole. It consists of two chapters. The first chapter consists of three sections. First section discusses the main problems posed by the definition of arthron; second section considers the state of the text; third section examines the critical literature on that issue since the end of the nineteenth century. The second chapter is the actual pars construens of the work. It consists of five sections. The first section explores the close relationship that Aristotle holds between biology and language. Aristotle is not the father of the specialized sciences: H…
Roughness and vegetation parameterizations at L-band for soil moisture retrievals over a vineyard field
2015
Abstract The capability of L-band radiometry to monitor surface soil moisture (SM) at global scale has been analyzed in numerous studies, mostly in the framework of the ESA SMOS and NASA SMAP missions. To retrieve SM from L-band radiometric observations, two significant effects have to be accounted for, namely soil roughness and vegetation optical depth. In this study, soil roughness effects on retrieved SM values were evaluated using brightness temperatures acquired by the L-band ELBARA-II radiometer, over a vineyard field at the Valencia Anchor Station (VAS) site during the year 2013. Different combinations of the values of the model parameters used to account for soil roughness effects (…
Microwave and optical data fusion for global mapping of soil moisture at high resolution
2018
After more than 8 years in orbit the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite is still in good health and several algorithms for improving its spatial resolution have been proposed and validated in a variety of catchments. However, none of them has yet been applied at the global scale. In this article we present: i) a review of the latest SMOS-BEC downscaling algorithm, which allows for its global application using an adaptive moving window and ii) a thorough validation of the resulting maps over two in-situ networks: REMEDHUS in Spain and OzNet in Australia. The proposed algorithm combines SMOS brightness temperatures (at ~40 km spatial resolution), and MODIS-derived Land Surface …
Surface water RO permeate remineralization through minerals recovery from brines
2022
Assisted-Reverse Electrodialysis (A-RED) technology was applied following reverse osmosis (RO) of a surface water resource in order to recover minerals from its brine and directly remineralize the RO unit's permeate. Four different sets of cation/anion exchange membranes were benchmarked using single- and mixed-salts synthetic solutions as well as real brine and permeate streams produced from three-stage reverse osmosis applied to Seine River water. The process, operating under equal permeate and brine channel flows (2 cm/s velocities) and applied voltage varying from 0 to 10 V, showed viable remineralization results. Optimal recovery at 10 V applied allowed increasing permeate mineral cont…
β-Catenin Signaling Drives Differentiation and Proinflammatory Function of IRF8-Dependent Dendritic Cells
2014
Abstract β-Catenin signaling has recently been tied to the emergence of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs). In this article, we demonstrate a novel role for β-catenin in directing DC subset development through IFN regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) activation. We found that splenic DC precursors express β-catenin, and DCs from mice with CD11c-specific constitutive β-catenin activation upregulated IRF8 through targeting of the Irf8 promoter, leading to in vivo expansion of IRF8-dependent CD8α+, plasmacytoid, and CD103+CD11b− DCs. β-Catenin–stabilized CD8α+ DCs secreted elevated IL-12 upon in vitro microbial stimulation, and pharmacological β-catenin inhibition blocked this response in wild-type cells…