Search results for "SOCIAL DESIRABILITY"
showing 10 items of 29 documents
Some Personality Correlates of Business White-Collar Crime
2006
On presente dans cet article les resultats de la premiere etude transversale europeenne portant sur les dimensions de la personnalite en relation avec les delits financiers commis par les cols blancs. Ce travail est un prolongement de la recherche de Collin & Schmidt (1992) sur les delits des cols blancs aux Etats-Unis. Les donnees ont ete recoltees aupres de 150 cadres en poste dans des societes commerciales allemandes et de 76 delinquants en col blanc anciennement cadres. Les repondants ont rempli des echelles papier crayon mesurant l’hedonisme (l’Echelle de Valeurs de Schwartz), le sens des responsabilites (NEO-FFI), le narcissisme (DSM-III-R), la desirabilite sociale (Crowne & Marlowe),…
A comparison of two approaches to the assessment of coping styles
1997
Abstract This study examined the association of coping style classifications based on (a) dispositional vigilance (VIG) and cognitive avoidance (CAV) and (b) trait anxiety and social desirability (SD). 281 subjects (123 men, 158 women) completed questionnaires to assess these variables. By applying median splits, subjects were divided into high and low scorers on each dimension. According to both classifications, four coping style groups were operationally defined on the basis of the respective dichotomized variables. Results yielded convergent assignments of repressers (low anxiety and high SD; low VIG and high CAV, respectively), sensitizers (high anxiety and low SD; high VIG and low CAV)…
“Don't try to teach me, I got nothing to learn”: Management students' perceptions of business ethics teaching
2019
[EN] Interest is growing towards including business ethics in university curricula, aiming at improving ethical behaviour of future managers. Extant literature has investigated the impact of ethics education on different ethics-related students' cognitive and/or behavioural outcomes, considering variables related to training programmes and students' demographic aspects. Accordingly, we aim at assessing students' understanding of business ethics issues, by focusing on the differences in students' perceptions depending on gender, age, work experience, and ethics courses taken. Testing our hypotheses on a sample of 307 management students at a Polish university, and controlling for social desi…
Validation of the group nuclear safety climate questionnaire.
2013
Abstract Introduction Group safety climate is a leading indicator of safety performance in high reliability organizations. Zohar and Luria (2005) developed a Group Safety Climate scale (ZGSC) and found it to have a single factor. Method The ZGSC scale was used as a basis in this study with the researchers rewording almost half of the items on this scale, changing the referents from the leader to the group, and trying to validate a two-factor scale. The sample was composed of 566 employees in 50 groups from a Spanish nuclear power plant. Item analysis, reliability, correlations, aggregation indexes and CFA were performed. Results Results revealed that the construct was shared by each unit, a…
The interaction effect of gender and ethnicity in loan approval: A Bayesian estimation with data from a laboratory field experiment
2019
Microfinance targets women and uses loan provision as a tool for empowerment, which translates into better household nutrition, improved education, and a scale down of domestic violence. However, ethnic discrimination in microfinance may exist in countries with a segregated indigenous population. We assessed this possibility with a field experiment in Bolivia. The controlled laboratory experiment evaluated whether credit officers rejected microloan applications based on the interaction effect of ethnicity and gender of potential borrowers. Point estimates of a Bayesian mixed‐effects logistic regression, estimated with the experimental data, indicate that nonindigenous women have double the …
Leugnen oder gestehen? Bestimmungsfaktoren wahrer Antworten in Befragungen / To Deny or to Confess? Determinants of Truthful Answers in Surveys
2012
Zusammenfassung Der Artikel berichtet die Ergebnisse einer Validierungsstudie, in der es um das Problem wahrer Antworten in Umfragen geht. Auf der Grundlage einer schriftlichen Befragung von rund 300 Personen, die in den zurückliegenden Jahren eine oder mehrere kleinere Straftaten begangen hatten und dafür strafrechtlich verurteilt wurden, wird untersucht, wie häufig die Delinquenten in der Umfrage ihre strafrechtliche Verurteilung zugeben und von welchen Faktoren die Tendenz zum Leugnen bzw. Gestehen abhängt. Der Satz der im Einzelnen überprüften Einflussfaktoren wird aus verschiedenen Varianten der Rational-Choice-Theorie hergeleitet. Ausgewählte Ergebnisse: Insgesamt gestehen knapp zwei …
Chronic social stress-induced hyperglycemia in mice couples individual stress susceptibility to impaired spatial memory
2018
Significance Stress-associated mental disorders and diabetes pose an enormous socio-economic burden. Glucose dysregulation occurs with both psychosocial and metabolic stress. While cognitive impairments are common in metabolic disorders such as diabetes and are accompanied by hyperglycemia, a causal role for glucose has not been established. We show that chronic social defeat (CSD) stress induces lasting peripheral and central hyperglycemia and impaired glucose metabolism in a subgroup of mice. Animals exhibiting hyperglycemia early post-CSD display spatial memory impairments that can be rescued by the antidiabetic empagliflozin. We demonstrate that individual stress vulnerability to glucos…
Contact with attractive women affects the release of cortisol in men
2010
Previous studies have shown that situations relevant for human mating can affect the levels of many hormones. This study focused on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis by measuring salivary cortisol levels in 84 young men prior to and after a period of short social contact with a woman or man. Results showed that after contact with another man the cortisol levels of the participants declined according to the circadian release pattern of cortisol. However, cortisol levels in men declined less when they had contact with a woman. Furthermore, cortisol levels of men increased when they perceived the woman with whom they had contact as attractive. Our findings provide indirect evidence for t…
Reputation, loneliness, satisfaction with life and aggressive behavior in adolescence
2008
The present study analyses the relationship between adolescents' perception of reputation and aggressive behavior among peers. The sample is made up of 1319 adolescents aged 11 to 16 years old. Statistical analyses with structural equation modeling were carried out to examine the direct and indirect effect of perception of reputation (real and ideal) on aggressive behavior. Results indicate that adolescents' real and ideal reputations are related both directly and indirectly to aggressive behavior. The indirect effects suggest that loneliness and life satisfaction mediate the relationship between adolescents' reputation and their aggressive behavior. These findings and their implications ar…
Company stakeholder responsibility : an empirical investigation of top managers’ attitudinal change
2017
Purpose Company stakeholder responsibility considers stakeholder engagement and management as key to long-term firm success. The purpose of this paper is to examine how top managers’ stakeholder responsibility attitudes change and how they balance stakeholder responsibilities and economic interests. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted empirical research using the company stakeholder responsibility framework by conducting a repeated cross-sectional survey in Finland in 1994, 1999, 2004, 2009 and 2014. Findings The study shows how development in the business context influences managers’ attitudes towards stakeholder responsibility. Simultaneously with the expansion of free comp…