Search results for "SOUTH AMERICA"
showing 10 items of 98 documents
Biotic recovery after the end-Triassic extinction event: Evidence from marine bivalves of the Neuquén Basin, Argentina
2017
We analyze the Late Triassic extinction and Early Jurassic recovery of bivalve faunas within marine environments in the Atuel River area of the Neuquén Basin, Argentina. Data were collected from a hundred samples with invertebrates in a well-exposed uppermost Triassic to lower Jurassic section in the Neuquén Basin (southern Mendoza Province, Argentina) and allow a high-resolution reconstruction of the local diversity dynamics. The nearly continuous presence of marine stenohaline major taxa such as cnidarians, rhynchonelliform brachiopods, echinoderms and cephalopods indicates normal salinity throughout. All bivalve species were identified, and each occurrence was recorded in meters above th…
Oviposition deterrence and repellent activities of selected essential oils against Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae): laboratory and g…
2022
AbstractTuta absoluta, an invasive pinworm characterized by high reproductive potential and adaptation to different agroecological conditions, cause serious damage to tomato crops. Chemical control with synthetic insecticides is widely used to control this pest, although pesticides exhibit side effects on non-target organisms and negatively impact the environment, with the occurrence of resistance to some active substances in the target pest. The use of essential oils (EOs) from aromatic or officinal plants could represent an environmentally safe control method, alternative to synthetic insecticide application. In this work we investigated the effect of EOs from Spanish oregano, laurel, bas…
Monitoring tropical forests under a functional perspective with satellite-based vegetation optical depth.
2020
Monitoring ecosystem functions in forests is a priority in a climate change scenario, as climate-induced events may initially alter the functions more than slow-changing attributes, such as biomass. The ecosystem functional properties (EFPs) are quantities that characterize key ecosystem processes. They can be derived by point observations of gas and energy exchanges between the ecosystems and the atmosphere that are collected globally at FLUXNET flux tower sites and upscaled at ecosystem level. The properties here considered describe the ability of ecosystems to optimize the use of resources for carbon uptake. They represent functional forest information, are dependent on environmental dri…
The agency of non-human entity in the recent anthropology of the Indigenous Lowland South America
2015
In the last twenty years, agency has entered the field of anthropological studies of Lowland South America Indigenous Peoples as a term and a topic of concern. Ethnographical and theoretical treatment of this notion has intertwined here with the revisiting of the concept of animism, Viveiros de Castro’s statements about “amerindian perspectivism” and a broader “ontological turn” in research orientation. In the paper I discuss this trend, focusing on how different notions of agency are used to talk about topics as shamanism and ontological status of artifacts as well as, more generally, of other non-human categories of beings. I pay attention too to dissonances and consonances in this field …
The place of livestock in human-nonhuman relationship among the Wayuu
2020
In the ethnology of indigenous LSA, the Wayuu case has always been considered a peculiar one. Among the main features which make difficult to insert it in the comparative debate on indigenous models of sociality and cosmology in this area, one can mention: pristine introduction of cattle raising; maintenance of political semi-autonomy till very recent times; development, already in the colonial period, of forms of social hierarchy based on ownership of livestock and other material goods; articulation of these forms with a system of matrilineal descent groups; interplay among the inclusive character of the descendants of mixed unions and the shifting of the traits selected for marking ethnic…
Tra alterità e domesticazione: il mare tra i Wayuu
2011
Viaggio e immaginario: il Sud America di Sepúlveda
2021
L'odeporica costituisce un genere particolarmente fecondo per la prospettiva geografica: la costruzione di spazialità e immaginari passa per specifiche forme di testualizzazione che riconducono a complesse (ri)produzioni culturali. A partire dall'analisi geoculturale di alcuni brani significativi de Patagonia Express di Luis Sepúlveda, questo contributo intende mostrare alcune modalità attraverso le quali l'autore cileno ricostruisce, nel suo racconto di viaggio in forma di appunti, spazialità, paesaggi e interazioni visitando luoghi particolarmente ostili del continente Sudamericano, come la Patagonia e il deserto di Atacama. L'analisi di tali brani si concentra sulla narrazione dell'es…
Large-scale effects of migration and conflict in pre-agricultural groups: Insights from a dynamic model.
2016
The debate on the causes of conflict in human societies has deep roots. In particular, the extent of conflict in hunter-gatherer groups remains unclear. Some authors suggest that large-scale violence only arose with the spreading of agriculture and the building of complex societies. To shed light on this issue, we developed a model based on operatorial techniques simulating population-resource dynamics within a two-dimensional lattice, with humans and natural resources interacting in each cell of the lattice. The model outcomes under different conditions were compared with recently available demographic data for prehistoric South America. Only under conditions that include migration among c…
Occurrence of a sibling species complex within neotropical lymnaeids, snail intermediate hosts of fascioliasis.
2002
The delimitation of cryptic species within the genus Lymnaea, which are the main vectors of fascioliasis, remains a topic of controversy. An analysis of genetic variability based on 12 enzyme loci revealed different fixed alleles at 9 loci between two sympatric samples of Lymnaea viatrix at the type locality in Lima, Peru. The absence of heterozygotes within this locality indicates the presence of isolated populations or cryptic species within L. viatrix. Significant genetic differences were also found between these two L. viatrix samples from Lima and other populations of L. viatrix in South America and in addition to species such as L. truncatula, L. cubensis and L. columella. Moreover, t…
On Adcatomus ciudadus Karsch 1880, a remarkable spider species from Lima, with comments on South American Sparassidae (Arachnida, Araneae)
2008
The ♂-holotype of Adcatomus ciudadus Karsch 1880 was located in the Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt-Universitat Berlin and recognized as a representative of the spider family Sparassidae. A redescription of the holotype is given and the systematic position of the species is discussed. A review on taxonomic work on South American Sparassidae is also given. Der ♂-Holotyp von Adcatomus ciudadus Karsch 1880 wurde im Zoologischen Museum der Humboldt-Universitat Berlin ausfindig gemacht und als Vertreter der Spinnenfamilie Sparassidae identifiziert. Der Holotyp wird beschrieben und seine systematische Stellung diskutiert. Es wird ein zusammenfassender Ruckblick auf taxonomische Arbeiten uber sud…