Search results for "SPECTRA"

showing 10 items of 3542 documents

Protein dynamics observed by tunable mid-IR quantum cascade lasers across the time range from 10 ns to 1 s

2017

We have developed a spectrometer based on tunable quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) for recording time-resolved absorption spectra of proteins in the mid-infrared range. We illustrate its performance by recording time-resolved difference spectra of bacteriorhodopsin in the carboxylic range (1800–1700 cm− 1) and on the CO rebinding reaction of myoglobin (1960–1840 cm− 1), at a spectral resolution of 1 cm− 1. The spectrometric setup covers the time range from 4 ns to nearly a second with a response time of 10–15 ns. Absorption changes as low as 1 × 10− 4 are detected in single-shot experiments at t > 1 μs, and of 5 × 10− 6 in kinetics obtained after averaging 100 shots. While previous time-res…

Time FactorsSpectrophotometry InfraredAbsorption spectroscopyAnalytical chemistry010402 general chemistry53001 natural sciencesMolecular physicsSpectral lineAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionchannelrhodopsinflash photolysislawSpectral resolutionAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)InstrumentationSpectroscopyCarbon MonoxidebiologySpectrometerChemistrybacteriorhodopsinLasers010401 analytical chemistry500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 PhysikWaterBacteriorhodopsinLasertime-resolved IR spectroscopyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesSolutionsKineticsCascadeBacteriorhodopsinsmyoglobinbiology.proteinQuantum Theory
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Do fluorescence and transient absorption probe the same intramolecular charge transfer state of 4-(dimethylamino)benzonitrile?

2009

International audience; We present here the results of time-resolved absorption and emission experiments for 4-(dimethylamino)benzonitrile in solution, which suggest that the fluorescent intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) state may differ from the twisted ICT (TICT) state observed in transient absorption.

Time Factorstime resolved spectraGeneral Physics and Astronomyvisible spectra010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesTime resolved spectraSpectral lineFluorescencechemistry.chemical_compoundspectrochemical analysisOrganic compoundsUltrafast laser spectroscopyNitrilesCharge exchangePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryVisible spectra:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Fluorescent DyesSpectrochemical analysis010405 organic chemistryChemistrycharge exchangeFluorescenceUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química física0104 chemical sciences3. Good health[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryBenzonitrileIntramolecular forceCharge exchange ; Fluorescence ; Organic compounds ; Spectrochemical analysis ; Time resolved spectra ; Visible spectraAbsorption (chemistry)Time-resolved spectroscopyLuminescenceorganic compoundsThe Journal of chemical physics
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Fractional viscoelastic behaviour under stochastic temperature process

2018

Abstract This paper deals with the mechanical behaviour of a linear viscoelastic material modelled by a fractional Maxwell model and subject to a Gaussian stochastic temperature process. Two methods are introduced to evaluate the response in terms of strain of a material under a deterministic stress and subjected to a varying temperature. In the first approach the response is determined making the material parameters change at each time step, due to the temperature variation. The second method, takes advantage of the Time–Temperature Superposition Principle to lighten the calculations. In this regard, a stochastic characterisation for the Time–Temperature Superposition Principle method is p…

Time-Temperature Superposition PrincipleGaussianAerospace EngineeringOcean Engineering02 engineering and technologyCondensed Matter PhysicFractional calculu01 natural sciencesViscoelasticity010305 fluids & plasmasStress (mechanics)symbols.namesakeSuperposition principle0203 mechanical engineering0103 physical sciencesGaussian stochastic proceMathematicsCivil and Structural EngineeringMechanical EngineeringMathematical analysisSpectral densityStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsCondensed Matter PhysicsFractional calculusLinear viscoelasticity020303 mechanical engineering & transportsCreepTime–temperature superpositionNuclear Energy and EngineeringsymbolsStatistical and Nonlinear Physic
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Comparison of transflection and transmission FTIR imaging measurements performed on differentially fixed tissue sections

2015

The widespread and cost-effective use of transflection substrates in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging of clinical samples is affected by the presence of artefacts including the electric field standing wave (EFSW) and contributions from light dispersion. For IR-based diagnostics, the manifestation of undesirable artifacts can distort the spectra and lead to erroneous diagnosis. Nevertheless, there is no clear consensus in the literature about the degree of influence of these effects. The aim of this work is to contribute to this discussion by comparing transflection and transmission images of the same tissue. For this purpose two adjacent sections of the same tissue (lymphoma sample…

Tissue FixationLymphomaChemistryOptical ImagingAnalytical chemistryHyperspectral imagingBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryAbsorbancesymbols.namesakeNuclear magnetic resonanceTissue sectionsFourier transformTransmission (telecommunications)Light dispersionSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredElectrochemistrysymbolsEnvironmental ChemistryImage acquisitionFourier transform infrared spectroscopyArtifactsSpectroscopy
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Optical Properties of Irradiated Topaz Crystals

2015

The results of an investigation of UV-Visible absorption and photoluminescence spectra of colorless topaz before and after neutron irradiation, natural blue topaz from Ukraine, and yellow topaz are presented. We assume that the absorption band ~ 620 nm and broad emission band 300-700 nm in topaz crystals are associated with exchange interaction between a radiation defect (anion vacancies, which capture one or two electrons) and impurity ions Cr 3+ , Fe 3+ and Mn 2+ .

TopazMaterials sciencePhotoluminescenceAbsorption bandengineeringAnalytical chemistryElectronIrradiationAbsorption (chemistry)engineering.materialSpectral lineIonNuclear chemistryIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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The Tortricidae described by J. C. Fabricius (Lepidoptera)

2011

The identity and nomenclature of the 88 species of Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) described by J. C. Fabricius are reviewed. Type material deposited in the Natural History Museum Denmark is illustrated. Lectotypes for Tinea compositella (Fabricius, 1775), Pyralis rivellana (Fabricius, 1775) and P. strigana (Fabricius, 1775) are designated. Two new synonymies are proposed: Pyralis marmorana (Fabricius, 1798), syn. n., of Ancylis achatana (Denis and Schiffermuller, 1775), and P. rusticana (Fabricius, 1794), syn. n., of Epinotia solandriana (Linnaeus, 1758). In an appendix, the identity and nomenclature of the 49 species of non-Tortricidae described by Fabricius in the genus Pyralis Linnaeus, 1758 …

TortricidaeInsectaArthropodaEucosma aspidiscanaZoologyClepsis spectranaDryophthoridaeTortricidaeAnimaliaPyralidaeNomenclatureEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsTaxonomyPyralisbiologyTineidaeInternational Code of Zoological NomenclatureBiodiversitybiology.organism_classificationAncylis achatanaLepidopteraColeopteraArctiidaeNoctuidaeAnimal Science and ZoologyTaxonomy (biology)
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Total absorption spectroscopy of fission fragments relevant for reactor antineutrino spectra

2016

International audience; The accurate determination of reactor antineutrino spectra remains a very active research topic for which new methods of study have emerged in recent years. Indeed, following the long-recognized reactor anomaly (measured antineutrino deficit in short baseline reactor experiments when compared with spectral predictions), the three international reactor neutrino experiments Double Chooz, Daya Bay and Reno have recently demonstrated the existence of spectral distortions in their measurements with respect to the same predictions. These spectral predictions were obtained through the conversion of integral beta-energy spectra obtained at the ILL research reactor. Several s…

Total absorption spectroscopyFissionQC1-999CHOOZ[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciences7. Clean energy114 Physical sciencesSpectral linelaw.inventionPhysics::GeophysicsNuclear physicslawnuclear masses0103 physical sciencesstructure[ PHYS.NEXP ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]010306 general physicsPhysicsFission productsta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsPressurized water reactorNuclear dataPandemonium effectPRODUCTS13. Climate actiondecay data measurements
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A Time-Domain Approach Based on the IEEE Std 1459-2000 for the detection of Loads Producing Harmonic Distortion

2008

This paper presents a novel strategy for the detection of harmonic sources in power systems for both the single-phase and the three-phase systems. It is based on the IEEE Std. 1459-2000 approach and it is based only on the separation of the fundamental components from the harmonic content of voltage and current. The proposed strategy do not require any spectral analysis of voltages and currents and it can be entirely implemented in the time domain. In the paper, the formulation of the novel approach is given and some simulation results are presented.

Total harmonic distortionEngineeringbusiness.industryPower system harmonicsElectrical engineeringAC powerElectric power systempower measurements harmonic distortion power definitions power qualityElectronic engineeringHarmonicSpectral analysisTime domainbusinessSettore ING-INF/07 - Misure Elettriche E ElettronicheVoltage2008 IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference
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Differences of stabilized organic carbon fractions and microbiological activity along Mediterranean Vertisols and Alfisols profiles

2010

This study examined the chemical and structural properties of humic substances and microbiological activity in order to verify differences in carbon dynamics along soil profiles in two Vertisols (Typic Haploxerert and Xeric Epiaquert) and two Alfisols (Mollic Haploxeralf and Ultic Haploxeralf) developed under Mediterranean climate in Italy. Humification parameters, thermal methods, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG), together with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and fluorescence spectroscopies were used to characterize humic acids (HA). Microbiological activity of soils was assessed by basal respiration, metabolic quotient (qCO2) and Cmic:Corg rat…

Total organic carbonChemistrySoil ScienceMineralogyVertisolHumusThermogravimetrySettore AGR/14 - PedologiaSoil pHEnvironmental chemistrySoil waterAlfisolSoil horizonVertisols Alfisols Microbial indices DSC TG FT-IR Fluorescence spectra Humic acidsGeoderma
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Clarkson-McCarthy inequalities with unitary and isometry orbits

2020

Abstract A refinement of a trace inequality of McCarthy establishing the uniform convexity of the Schatten p-classes for p > 2 is proved: if A , B are two n-by-n matrices, then there exists some pair of n-by-n unitary matrices U , V such that U | A + B 2 | p U ⁎ + V | A − B 2 | p V ⁎ ≤ | A | p + | B | p 2 . A similar statement holds for compact Hilbert space operators. Another improvement of McCarthy's inequality is given via the new operator parallelogramm law, | A + B | 2 ⊕ | A − B | 2 = U 0 ( | A | 2 + | B | 2 ) U 0 ⁎ + V 0 ( | A | 2 + | B | 2 ) V 0 ⁎ for some pair of 2n-by-n isometry matrices U 0 , V 0 .

Trace (linear algebra)010103 numerical & computational mathematics01 natural sciencesUnitary stateConvexityCombinatoricssymbols.namesakeOperator (computer programming)FOS: MathematicsDiscrete Mathematics and Combinatorics0101 mathematicsMathematicsMathematics::Functional AnalysisNumerical AnalysisAlgebra and Number TheoryMathematics::Operator Algebras010102 general mathematicsHilbert spaceUnitary matrixMathematics::Spectral TheoryFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional AnalysisIsometrysymbolsComputer Science::Programming LanguagesGeometry and TopologyLinear Algebra and its Applications
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